...While some factors such as heritability cannot be avoided, many environmental factors associated with ADHD liked disorganized attachment between the infant and caregiver are preventable. Many associated risk factors are in fact found in segments of the population that are socially disadvantaged showing an increased prevalence of the disorder among those of lower socioeconomic status. Dr. Joel Nigg, a professor at the Department of Psychiatry at the Oregon Health and Science University cites a long list of preventable risk factors that may influence ADHD including, “maternal psychological stress, poor prenatal care, poor prenatal nutrition, reduced or lack of breastfeeding, poor childcare, low quality schools and housing, increased family stress,...
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...Individual Wellness Change Project The client I selected for this project is a 70 year old female. This client resides in a household with her husband, and adult son. Retirement has not equated with rest and relaxation for my client as she also takes care of two of her adult brothers in poor health. Three granddaughters have been the source of joy for her as they’ve grown from precious infants to teenagers. My client also assumes the role of family matriarch for her other nine siblings. With many demands for time and attention, I predicted the needs assessments to direct us towards stress management. The results we received sent out project in another direction. With my initial prediction of the focus needed being on stress management, I had my client complete the Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale (Holmes and Rahe, n.d.) first. In spite of numerous responsibilities and various family members always seeking advice, her score was only a 16. Scores below 150 represent only a slight risk of illness due to stress. The one area where stress does affect my client is in her sleeping habits. Many nights she experiences insomnia while contemplating current family situations, and consequentially suffers from fatigue. My client’s concern over taking care of everyone else leaves little time for her to focus on herself. The remainder of our assessments helped to point out what she already knew about her nutrition and physical activity levels. The results of the LiveWell assessment...
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...org/content/105/6/e83.short | This article shows us that different social types of school students cause the levels of physical activity to decrease depending on race and social class. The study was taken from the 1996 National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health on 17766 US adolescents enrolled in Us middle and high schools. The students took a questionnaire describing the hours of the week they were inactive and active. This showed us that black and Hispanic students had lower physical activity levels and higher inactivity. This also decreased with age. | This is relevant because it shows us that physical activity levels decrease from high school which would proceed into third level education. | Janet Buckworth PhD & Claudio Nigg PhD (2010), Physical Activity, Exercise, and Sedentary...
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...narcissism can be the result of a preoccupation with gadgets (Agarwal & Kar, 2015). These mental concerns may not be seen as adversely as those of the physical nature. Major back issues and neck strain requiring physical therapy along with vision and hearing loss may become problematic as a result of technology dependency (Madan, 2015). According to the Pew Research Center, 24% of teens are online “almost constantly” due to the ever increasing availability of technological devices (Lenhart, 2015). This incessant use of technology has dramatically affected the health of these users. To further substantiate this claim, video games and other technologies have been proven to increase obesity rates as a result of decreased physical activity rates (Nigg, 2003). By decreasing time spent on physical activities, an individual endangers one’s health. Developing diabetes, becoming obese, and increasing the chances of a heart attack become grave possibilities. Furthermore, individuals are prone to developing nomophobia. This is the separation, anxiety, and depression associated with realizing that one is disconnected from friends, family, work, and the world as a result of a lost, stolen, or...
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...Este es el caso de muchos ejecutivos que lideraron proyectos de cambio como parte de un nuevo rumbo estratégico. Estas organizaciones adoptaron nuevas maneras de hacer negocios aunque en su momento no mostraban signos de crisis. Para gestionar el cambio, ya sea para crecer o sobrevivir, no es suficiente con generar ,en la empresa, un fuerte sentimiento de preocupación. Los líderes efectivos deben: • • Motivar el cambio estableciendo objetivos estratégicos y ambiciosos para quebrantar la complacencia y la conformidad organizacional. Proveer de inspiración acerca del nuevo rumbo estratégico. Dudley Nigg, Director de la División de Internet Banking de Wells Fargo, propuso el objetivo de ser el número uno en la banca online en el mundo. A pesar de que la División de Servicios Financieros online ya disfrutaba de sus primeras ventajas competitivas y parecía que lo estaban haciendo bien. Nigg se dió cuenta de que en el mercado de Internet, extremadamente dinámico, un programa de continua mejora estaba lejos de ser...
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...namely attachment, commitment, involvement and belief. When one of these four items break down, Hirschi hypothesizes that an individual may then participate in criminal activities. This can be substantiated by the fact that when a person ceases to engage in a social activity or loses contact with a close friend, he may steal or behave in any other antisocial way as a result of idleness. However, idleness may not always be an excuse to act unsociable. Another individual may prefer doing something productive like reading or playing during his free time. Moreover, this theory does not show how parental criminality or delinquent peers have an influence on antisocial behavior. Neuropsychological Vulnerability Model This model, put forward by Nigg and Huang-Pollock (2003) focusses on three neuropsychological vulnerabilities such as difficulty in learning language, emotional problems and the inability to think for the future. However they are among the distant factors influencing antisocial behavior. If child neuropsychological vulnerabilities contribute causally to antisocial development, they probably do so in conjunction with ecological risk factors that lead to persistent offending (Farrington & Loeber, 2000; Patterson & Capaldi, 1991). It is suggested that these vulnerabilities make it difficult for people to get used to certain situations. One example of a neuropsychological vulnerability patient would be someone having mood swings. Nevertheless, these vulnerabilities have not...
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...Television images and adolescent girls’ body image disturbance. Journal of Communication, 49(2), 22-41. Brownwell, K. D., PhD, Hotelling, K. J., PhD, Lowe, M. R., PhD, & Rayfield, G. E., PhD. (n.d.). Eating Disordrs. Retrieved January 02, 2017, from http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/eating.aspx Hyejung, W., Won, M., & Eunjoon, K. (2013). Autism spectrum disorder causes, mechanisms, and treatments: focus on neuronal synapses. Frontiers In Molecular Neuroscience, 61-26. doi:10.3389/fnmol.2013.00019 Kim, J., & Lennon, S. J. (2007). Mass media and self-esteem, body image, and eating disorder tendencies. Clothing & Textiles Research Journal, 25(1), 3-23. doi: 10.1177/0887302X06296873 Klump, K.L., Culbert, K.M., Slane, J.D., Burt, S.A., Sisk, C.L., & Nigg, J.T. (2012). The effects of puberty on genetic risk for disordered eating: Evidence for a sex difference. Psychological Medicine, 42, 627-637. Le Grange, D. (2008). Eating Disorders in Adolescents. Makin, S. (2015). What Really Causes Autism. Scientific American Mind, 26(6), 57. McPhee, L. (Director, Producer, Writer). (2000, December 12). Retrieved January 07, 2017, from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/dying-to-be-thin.html National Eating Disorders Association. (n.d.). Retrieved January 02, 2017, from http://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/ What Is Autism? (n.d.). Retrieved January 02, 2017, from https://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism https://vimeo.com/6351950 http://search.alexanderstreet.com.ezproxy.library.tamu.edu/view/work/2358206...
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...unenthusiastic and tend to underperform at work (Millon & Grossman, 2005). CAUSES OF SCHIZOID PERSONALITY DISORDER Little is known about the origin of schizoid personality disorder, but both genetics and environment are assumed to play a role. Some mental health professionals contemplate that a unwelcoming early days where kindness and feeling were not present contributes to the growth of the disorder. The privileged risk for schizoid personality disorder in families of schizophrenics suggests that a hereditary receptiveness for the disorder might be inherited, as well as social environment in which an individual practice on most of the time cans results to schizoid personality disorder (Millon & Grossman, 2005). Cluster C According to Miller & Nigg (2007), Anxious personality disorder includes avoidant and Obsessive compulsive, Avoidant is characterized by extreme social isolation, sensitivity to negative criticism and rejection also the feelings of inadequacy. According to my perspective as well as the scientific approach DSM IV Jessica is suffering from Avoidant Personality Disorder because she show symptoms such as feeling unwelcomed or isolated in social situation, she very low threshold for criticism, perhaps an inferiority complex and she usually feels uncomfortable, anxious, and lonely most of the time, most of the time she prefer to be alone avoid social relationship an it does not bother her for example she like spending time watching TV or sleeping. AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER...
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...The Positive Influences of Social Media in relation to Language Development Richard Brown English 101 HYB Professor Engelhardt 15 October 2011 Children of the twentieth century can be classified by one major thing, change. Technological advancements were made throughout the entire twentieth century, starting with the Industrial revolution that swept across the world beginning in the early 1800’s and continuing through the twentieth century. This revolution brought about the introduction of assembly lines making the rate of production for cars sky rocket, the atomic bomb which revolutionized warfare, and the internet. The internet has brought about a change in cultures across the world as well has helped connect individuals in a personal way. The way in which interactions happen between individuals has evolved with social media. In a little over a hundred years the world has gone from having to send a letter on horse and buggy or train, to being able to use computer to access pictures, e-mails, and personal feelings of another individual. Social Media has been rapidly developing since the development of MySpace in 2003. The global phenomenon inspired others such as Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter. These social media networks are each now worth billions of dollars, and the creators of each have made enough money to last more than a lifetime (Rivlin). A tweet, according to Merriam-Webster is, a “post made on the Twitter online message service.” Twitter does not have...
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...Running head: Neuroanatomical Differences in ADHD 1 Neuroanatomical Differences in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Influence of Stimulant Medication Administration Zach Grice-Patil University of Minnesota Neuroanatomical Differences in ADHD Abstract: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a common psychological disorder with a pathophysiology that is not well understood. The choice treatment is with strong psychoactive stimulants (methylphenidate), which has helped to establish much of the known pathophysiology of the disorder. Medication administration to young children is becoming exceedingly common and it is suspected here that methylphenidate has effects on neurodevelopmental processes. Much of the imaging data which suggest neuroanatomical differences observed in ADHD are confounded by the inability to control for lifetime-medication use in the sample. Animal data have demonstrated that acute methylphenidate administration can cause significant changes in juveniles. A 2 multi-level analysis of the current literature assessing the structural differences in ADHD with respect to methylphenidate administration is the focus for this review. Methods include: MR structural, MR diffusion, MR spectroscopy, Positron Emission Tomography, and Histology. Based upon this review, the current administration of methylphenidate to young ADHD patients should be reevaluated to account for the uncertainty in medication-induced neurodevelopment. Neuroanatomical Differences...
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...------------------------------------------------- Theories of impulsivity[edit] Ego (cognitive) depletion[edit] According to the ego (or cognitive) depletion theory of impulsivity, self-control refers to the capacity for altering one's own responses, especially to bring them into line with standards such as ideals, values, morals, and social expectations, and to support the pursuit of long-term goals.[74] Self-control enables a person to restrain or override one response, thereby making a different response possible.[74] A major tenet of the theory is that engaging in acts of self-control draws from a limited "reservoir" of self-control that, when depleted, results in reduced capacity for further self-regulation.[75][76] Self-control is viewed as analogous to a muscle: Just as a muscle requires strength and energy to exert force over a period of time, acts that have high self-control demands also require strength and energy to perform.[77] Similarly, as muscles become fatigued after a period of sustained exertion and have reduced capacity to exert further force, self-control can also become depleted when demands are made of self-control resources over a period of time. Baumeister and colleagues termed the state of diminished self-control strength ego depletion (or cognitive depletion).[76] The strength model of self-control asserts that: * Just as exercise can make muscles stronger, there are signs that regular exertions of self-control can improve willpower strength.[78] These...
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...HAZARD, VULNERABILITY, AND RISK ANALYSIS This paper describes how preimpact conditions act together with event-specific conditions to produce a disaster’s physical and social impacts. These disaster impacts can be reduced by emergency management interventions. In addition, this chapter discusses how emergency managers can assess the preimpact conditions that produce disaster vulnerability within their communities. The chapter concludes with a discussion of vulnerability dynamics and methods for disseminating hazard/vulnerability data. Introduction A disaster occurs when an extreme event exceeds a community’s ability to cope with that event. Understanding the process by which natural disasters produce community impacts is important for four reasons. First, information from this process is needed to identify the preimpact conditions that make communities vulnerable to disaster impacts. Second, information about the disaster impact process can be used to identify specific segments of each community that will be affected disproportionately (e.g., low income households, ethnic minorities, or specific types of businesses). Third, information about the disaster impact process can be used to identify the event-specific conditions that determine the level of disaster impact. Fourth, an understanding of disaster impact process allows planners to identify suitable emergency management interventions. The process by which disasters produce community impacts can be explained in terms of...
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...GUÍA DE RECOMENDACIONES PARA LA PROMOCIÓN DE ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA GUÍA DE RECOMENDACIONES PARA LA PROMOCIÓN DE ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA 3 GUÍA de recomendaciones para la promoción de actividad física / coordinación, Jesús Muñóz Bellerín, Manuel Delgado Fernández ; autores, Ana Carbonell Baeza ... [et al.]. -[Sevilla] : Consejería de Salud, [2010] 79 p. : fot., tablas ; 21 cm 1. Promoción de la salud 2. Ejercicio I. Andalucía. Consejería de Salud WA 590 Edita: Junta de Andalucía . Consejería de Salud Depósito Legal: Diseño y maquetación: OBEMEDIA S.C. Impresión: Tirada: 10.000 ejemplares 4 COORDINACION: - Jesús Muñoz Bellerín - Manuel Delgado Fernández AUTORES: - Ana Carbonell Baeza - Virginia A. Aparicio García-Molina - Jonatan Ruiz Ruiz - Francisco B. Ortega Porcel - Manuel Delgado Fernández REVISADO POR Amparo Arrabal Martín, Mª Luisa Castilla Romero, Nicolás Coín Ciézar, Carmen Montaño Remacha, Carlos Moyano González (Red de Consejo Dietético); Juan de Dios Beas Jiménez (Soc. And de Medicina del Deporte, SAMEDE); Jesús Delgado de Mendoza, Ascensión Delgado Romero, José Manuel Martínez Nieto (Asoc. And de Enfermería Comunitaria, ASANEC); Mª Carmen Rodríguez Soto, Isabel Pavón Rojas (Asoc. And de Matronas); Juan Miguel Torres Ruiz, Mª Rosa de la Fuente González (Plan Integral de Cardiopatías de Andalucía); Evelin Huizing (Plan Integral de Salud Mental de Andalucía); Begoña Gil Barcenilla (Plan Integral de Obesidad Infantil de Andalucía); Isabel Escalona Labella, Cristina Torró...
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...Educational Psychology: Developing Learners This is a protected document. Please enter your ANGEL username and password. Username: Password: Login Need assistance logging in? Click here! If you experience any technical difficulty or have any technical questions, please contact technical support during the following hours: M-F, 6am-12am MST or Sat-Sun, 7am-12am MST by phone at (800) 800-9776 ext. 7200 or submit a ticket online by visiting http://help.gcu.edu. Doc ID: 1009-0001-191D-0000191E DEVELOPING LEARNERS JEANNE ELLIS ORMROD Professor Emerita, University of Northern Colorado EIGHTH EDITION ISBN 1-256-96292-9 Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Educational Psychology: Developing Learners, Eighth Edition, by Jeanne Ellis Ormrod. Published by Pearson. Copyright © 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. Vice President and Editorial Director: Jeffery W. Johnston Vice President and Publisher: Kevin Davis Editorial Assistant: Lauren Carlson Development Editor: Christina Robb Vice President, Director of Marketing: Margaret Waples Marketing Manager: Joanna Sabella Senior Managing Editor: Pamela D. Bennett Project Manager: Kerry Rubadue Senior Operations Supervisor: Matthew Ottenweller Senior Art Director: Diane Lorenzo Text Designer: Candace Rowley Cover Designer:...
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