...TAX COMPLIANCE: AN ANALYSIS ON TAX KNOWLEDGE AND DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS Noor Suhaila Shaharuddin (2012) & Mohd Rizal Palil (PhD). Tax Compliance: An Analysis On Tax Knowledge And Demographic Factors. ABSTRACT Empirical research on tax compliance has shown that knowledge of taxation is essential as determinants of tax behavior. In other words, to be tax compliant individual taxpayers need to possess some basic knowledge on personal taxation such as chargeability of income, exemptions, reliefs, rebates in order to compute tax liability correctly. Taxpayers are less compliant if they do not understand the basic concept of taxation. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the effect of tax knowledge in understanding the tax compliance behaviors. In addition, this study also examined three common demographic variables that may be relevant in explaining tax compliance behavior. A total of 50 questionnaires were distributed to all academicians at Faculty of Management and Muamalah, KUIS. Out of the 50 questionnaires distributed, a total of 39 usable responses were received, which represents response rate of 78 per cent. The results show about 35.8 per cent of the respondents had high level of tax knowledge, 41 per cent had medium tax knowledge and the remaining of 23.2 per cent had low level of basic tax knowledge. Findings also revealed that marital status had significantly affecting on tax compliance. However, the other two variables namely gender and age were insignificant...
Words: 4465 - Pages: 18
...African Journal of Business Management Vol. 5(30), pp. 12050-12065, 30 November, 2011 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJBM DOI: 10.5897/AJBM11.1232 ISSN 1993-8233 ©2011 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Management accounting: An instrument for implementing effective corporate governance Mayanja MK and Van der Poll HM Department of Management Accounting, Unisa, Pretoria, 0003 South Africa. Accepted 28 September, 2011 Management accounting is not given sufficient emphasis, at the board level, as a provider of timely and relevant information to facilitate the execution of good corporate governance. Without management accounting information corporations in Botswana may find it difficult to create sustainable corporate governance. A qualitative approach using questionnaires and interviews were used to establish the extent to which management accounting tools are applied by the directors in the target companies. The research was carried out amongst listed companies on the stock exchange and the parastatal companies in Botswana. Furthermore documentation, for instance annual financial statements from the companies were reviewed. Most directors in the companies do not fully utilise the tools of management accounting in decision making. Management accountants have also failed to provide the relevant information to the board. To execute their duties efficiently, directors may need to call for the management accounting reports from the senior management...
Words: 7902 - Pages: 32
...All CFA Institute members and candidates are required to comply with the Code and Standards Basic structure for enforcing the Code and Standards The CFA Institute Bylaws primary principles Based on two Fair process to member and candidate Confidentiality of proceedings Rules of Procedure Maintains oversight and responsibility The CFA Institute Board of Governors Through the Disciplinary Review Committee (DRC) Is responsible for the enforcement of the Code and Standards Conducts professional conduct inquiries Structure of the CFA Institute Professional Conduct Program Professional Conduct program (PCP) The CFA Designated Officer Selfdisclosure An inquiry can be prompted by several circumstances Directs professional conduct staff Written complaints Evidence of misconduct Report by a CFA exam proctor jim do Interviewing The Professional Conduct staff conducts an investigation that may include cf a. 1. Code Of Ethics And Standards Of Professional Conduct Collecting documents and records in support of its investigation Conclude the inquiry with no disciplinary sanction Issue a cautionary letter If finding that a violation of the Code and Standards occurred, the Designated Officer proposes a disciplinary sanction ay to Process for the enforcement of the Code and Standards When an inquiry is initiated Upon reviewing the material obtained during the investigation, the Designated Officer may .c Requesting a written explanation from the...
Words: 5900 - Pages: 24
...BFSI vertical constitutes a significant share of the overall spending USD billion $13.7 17.1% FY12 FY11 Distribution of IT Spending in India, FY12 Energy 15.7% Government 15.4% Hardware $11.7 IT Services $12.6 14.4% $11.0 Manufacturing 28.8% BFSI 11.1% Telecom 7.2% Education 1.5% Healthcare 1.0% Software Products $4.2 19.5% Consumers 11.9% Others1 7.0% Retail 0.4% $3.5 Total domestic IT market FY12 ~ USD 30.4 billion Overall, BFSI vertical is contributing significantly to the growth of the Indian economy; its share in Indian GDP is estimated at ~8% Source: Company Annual Reports and Press Releases; Dataquest; Primary Interviews with Stakeholders in the Indian IT Ecosystem; MOSPI; Zinnov Analysis Note: 2 The rapid diversification of the sector including Banks, NBFCs and Insurance presents huge IT opportunity Over 97,000 Scheduled Banks in India (235) Commercial Banks (166) Co-operative Banks (69) Unscheduled Banks Public Sector Banks (26) Nationalized Banks (20) Foreign Banks in India (33) Private Sector Bank (21) Regional Rural Banks (82) Urban Cooperatives (53) State Cooperatives (16) SBI and its Associates (6) Old private Sector Banks (14) New Private Sector Banks (7) NBFCs (12,409) Registered and Regulated by RBI Loan Company Investment Company Equipment Leasing Company Exemption from RBI regulations and registration Insurance Companies Stock Exchange, Stock brokers, etc. Housing Finance...
Words: 3481 - Pages: 14
...HIPAA Security Standards: Guidance on Risk Analysis Introduction The Office for Civil Rights (OCR) is responsible for issuing annual guidance on the provisions in the HIPAA Security Rule.1 (45 C.F.R. §§ 164.302 – 318.) This series of guidances will assist organizations2 in identifying and implementing the most effective and appropriate administrative, physical, and technical safeguards to secure electronic protected health information (e-PHI). The guidance materials will be developed with input from stakeholders and the public, and will be updated as appropriate. We begin the series with the risk analysis requirement in § 164.308(a)(1)(ii)(A). Conducting a risk analysis is the first step in identifying and implementing safeguards that comply with and carry out the standards and implementation specifications in the Security Rule. Therefore, a risk analysis is foundational, and must be understood in detail before OCR can issue meaningful guidance that specifically addresses safeguards and technologies that will best protect electronic health information. The guidance is not intended to provide a one-size-fits-all blueprint for compliance with the risk analysis requirement. Rather, it clarifies the expectations of the Department for organizations working to meet these requirements.3 An organization should determine the most appropriate way to achieve compliance, taking into account the characteristics of the organization and its environment. We note that some of...
Words: 3309 - Pages: 14
...Module 7 – public sector organization case study | SHARED SERVICES WEST | Integrating value for member hospitals through service leadership | | By: Maria Udrea, Oxana Vatamaniuc & Vince Concepcion | 2/21/2016 | Since being established as a non-profit organization in 2001, the goal of Shared Services West (SSW) had been to drive value through the regionalization of strategic sourcing. SSW has evolved into a shared service provider, allowing for the full continuum of Supply Chain Services (Procure-to-Pay – P2P) to their equity member hospitals. | TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………1 Issue Identification…………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………..2 Operating Environment and Root Cause Analysis……………………………………………………………………2 – 4 Alternatives and/or Options………………………………………………………………………………………………………...5 Recommendations and Implementation Plan………………………………………………………………………………..6 Monitor and Control……………………………………………………………………………………………………………....7 – 8 Resources……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………8 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Healthcare organizations are facing funding constraints and budget deficits which have created a need to find greater value within the supply chain. With the reality of an aging and diverse population requiring different needs, they are under considerable pressure to improve financial and operational efficiency. As organizations head into the future they are striving to create a better system that...
Words: 2428 - Pages: 10
...1. Considerations to be taken into account by Carlsberg Malaysia in the event of diversification in producing non – alcoholic carbonated drinks in Malaysia. Carlsberg Malaysia is embarking on diversifying its product range by producing non-alcoholic carbonated drinks with a prospect of a return in investment (ROI) in the 12% range. Two areas of considerations should be looked into if Carlsberg Malaysia wants to proceed with this diversification program. 1st Method Firstly, Carlsberg could emulate the methodology employed by its competitor, Guiness, the producer of Malta non-alcoholic drink, by using existing manufacturing facilities, distributor outlets, handling equipment and sharing the same inventory listings in their production. Hence, gaining halal certification is extremely doubtful and the Muslim market could not be penetrated. Carlsberg could however benefitted from the exemption of paying excise duties and ad valorem tax. Furthermore they could display their new product at all non-alcoholic beverage counters in the market. 2nd Method Secondly, Carlsberg could embark on a totally new marketing strategy of its product by giving importance to ensure that the product is syariah compliance and certified halal by the Islamic regulators. This is to allow Carlsberg to gain an immediate access to the Muslim market, which in size and numbers are much bigger. However Carlsberg should be more conscious of the general perception linking the word Carlsberg to alcohol which...
Words: 1054 - Pages: 5
... Researcher analyse various articles that describes the rates of hospital acquired infection that obtained from 6-15% of hospital admission. It also states 10-32% of acquired infection have been found in the intensive care unit (ICU).One of the study claim it is important to understand the rates can be reduced by up to one-third if the healthcare workers go along with the guidelines issued by CDC ( Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).Likewise, the factors that provide to healthcare workers non-compliance with hand washing guidelines have been identified ,such as inaccessible equipment, lack of time, busyness and deleterious effects on skin. Intervention to improve such as provision of an educational programmes, motivational programme and patient educational programmes have been enabled. After all, the researchers have concluded the hand washing compliance rates of health workers are difficult to change, therefore it can be argued that maintained improvement of compliance with guidelines requires a multi-faceted approach. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: The framework used as the interest of the researcher is the modified version of PRECEDE health education theory; Predisposing, Reinforcing, Enabling, Construct in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation. It has four phases; social, epidemiological, behavioural and educational assessment. THE STUDY: AIM: The main aim of the study was to...
Words: 917 - Pages: 4
...Supply Chain Managers: Highlighting potential disruptions in the supply chain and alternative sourcing options. Environmental Compliance Officers: Ensuring compliance with environmental regulations and identifying risks related to non-compliance. Quality Control Managers: Identifying risks in product quality and suggesting improvements. Procurement Officers: Identifying risks in the procurement process and negotiating with suppliers for risk mitigation. 7.4 What influence does each stakeholder have on risk management decisions? Production Managers: High influence due to direct involvement in production processes. Supply Chain Managers: High influence due to their role in managing supply chain risks. Environmental Compliance Officers: High influence due to regulatory compliance responsibilities. Quality Control Managers: Moderate influence due to their focus on product quality. Procurement Officers: Moderate influence due to their role in supplier...
Words: 2021 - Pages: 9
...A1a. Horizontal Analysis - The candidate provides a logical evaluation, with sufficient support, of the company’s strengths and weaknesses based on the horizontal analysis results. Some things to consider are: 1. Identify what horizontal analysis is. 2. What does a horizontal analysis tell you about a company’s performance? 3. What does it tell you about the performance of Competition Bikes? Do not just restate the figures given, provide in-depth analysis. 4. Discuss key components of the financial statements that tell you about the overall performance of the company. Do not need to discuss every line item, just key components of the income statement and balance sheet. A1b. Vertical Analysis - The candidate provides a logical evaluation, with sufficient support, of the company’s strengths and weaknesses based on the vertical analysis results. Some things to consider are: 1. Consider the same items above in the horizontal analysis for the vertical analysis. A1c. Trend Analysis - The candidate provides a logical evaluation, with sufficient support, of the company’s strengths and weaknesses based on the trend analysis results. Some things to consider are: 1. What is trend analysis? 2. What information does a trend analysis provide, what does trend analysis tell you about Competition Bikes? Think about the company’s past performance and compare it to the forecasted performance. 3. What is the data telling you? Are there any concerns...
Words: 841 - Pages: 4
...MARINE ENVIRONMENT LAWS IN MALAYSIA DEVELOPMENT AND COMPLIANCE Outline of Presentation • Introduction • Objectives of Study • Methodology • Development of Marine Environment Laws in Malaysia • Compliance with Marine Environment Laws in Malaysia • Conclusions Introduction – Environmental Law • Body of international convention, domestic statutes • • • or laws, state or provincial ordinances and local government bylaws that govern human activities which impact the environment. Established to: - avoid tragedy of the commons - eliminate free riders in environmental protection and control of pollution And in response to: - the growing development of environmental ethics - the changing requirement of international law Tool for implementing policies Objectives of Study • Examine marine environment laws in Malaysia in terms of its development and its coverage; • Assess the level of compliance with marine environment laws in Malaysia and what it means in terms of environmental management; and • Identify means to promote compliance with environmental laws. Research Questions • How has marine environmental law in Malaysia changed over the years? • Are our laws adequate in dealing with marine environment issues? • What is the level of compliance with our marine environment laws? • Can the compliance level be improved? • What are the factors which drive environmental law development in Malaysia? Methodology •...
Words: 1282 - Pages: 6
...Optimizing PHI Disclosure Management in the Age of Compliance by Don Hardwick; Mariela Twiggs, MS, RHIA, CHP, FAHIMA; and James H. Braden, MBA, RHIA Summary of the article Improperly disclosing protected health information (PHI) and regulations surrounding the privacy and security of PHI have evolved to include strict requirements and corresponding steep financial penalties for non-compliance. HIM professionals are looking for comprehensive risk analysis, documentation of follow-up risk management activities, documentation of policies and procedures and evidence of their implementation, and ongoing education and enforcement. * Security Policies like information security risk analysis, information security risk, information aaaaaaqaaasecurity audit controls, system activity review policy, security incident response policy, data backup and storage policy, data disposal policy, media re-use policy, workstation policy, electronic PHI movement policy * Privacy policies PHI uses and disclosures, patient access, accounting of disclosures, sanctions policy, breach policies and procedures. * Healthcare Trends Bring New Compliance Challenges * EHRs and Additional Points of Disclosure * Increased Risk from Physician Practice Acquisitions * HIE and Information Governance * Broadening HIM’s Role to Meet Evolving PHI Disclosure Management Needs Comprehensive review of policies and procedures, ensuring proper PHI disclosure management on an ongoing basis and...
Words: 514 - Pages: 3
...TAX COMPETENCIES, COMPLIANCE COSTS AND INCOME TAX COMPLIANCE AMONG SMEs IN UGANDA BY ANNET NAKIWALA 2007/HD10/11264U A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT S FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE OF MAKERERE UNIVERSITY September, 2010 TAXCOMPETENCIES, COMPLIANCE COSTS & INCOME TAX COMPLIANCE DECLARATION I, Annet Nakiwala, declare that this dissertation is my own work and that it has never been presented for a degree award at any other university. Signature: ………………………………………… Date: ……………………………………………… ii TAXCOMPETENCIES, COMPLIANCE COSTS & INCOME TAX COMPLIANCE APPROVAL This is to certify that this dissertation has been submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of a Masters of Science degree in Accounting and Finance of Makerere University with my approval as University Supervisor. Joseph Ntayi (PhD) Supervisor Signature: ………………… Date: ……………………… Arthur Sserwanga Supervisor Signature: ………………… Date: …………………….. iii TAXCOMPETENCIES, COMPLIANCE COSTS & INCOME TAX COMPLIANCE DEDICATION I dedicate this entire effort to my late Mother Gorreth Nabagereka. We miss you dearly. iv TAXCOMPETENCIES, COMPLIANCE COSTS & INCOME TAX COMPLIANCE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Completion of this research has been a result of both direct and indirect support of many people to whom I owe acknowledgement. I owe profound gratitude to my supervisors Dr. Joseph Ntayi and...
Words: 10762 - Pages: 44
...Maintaining Compliance under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act The passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and its recent implementation into the market is transforming not only the health insurance industry, but also employers that offer health insurance. Businesses across the United States now find themselves being legally compelled to offer a larger portion of their workforce health insurance. The effects of this change leave these businesses attempting maintaining compliance under the new law and at times limit the increased costs. One of the most aspects of the Patient Protection and Affordability Care Act is what is being referred to as the Employer Mandate, the regulation that most employers must now provide health insurance to all full time employees. This mandate has greatly increased the number of individuals that are now eligible to purchase health insurance through their employer. But the Employer Mandate is not as simple as just allowing the employee to purchase health insurance from their employer, the employer must also share a portion of the cost which adds thousands sometimes millions in extra costs depending on the size of the business. Harrison (2014) states: according to the estimates, which the agency says are based on industry research and conversations with insurance experts, roughly 11 million of the 17 million individuals who have health care plans through a small employer will see their premiums increase as a result...
Words: 2161 - Pages: 9
...In medicine, compliance (also adherence or capacitance) describes the degree to which a patient correctly follows medical advice. Most commonly, it refers to medication or drug compliance, but it can also apply to other situations such as medical device use, self care, self-directed exercises, or therapy sessions. Both the patient and the health-care provider affect compliance, and a positive physician-patient relationship is the most important factor in improving compliance,[1] although the high cost of prescription medication also plays a major role.[2] Compliance is commonly confused with concordance. Concordance is the process by which a patient and clinician make decisions together about treatment.[3] Non-compliance is a major obstacle to the effective delivery of health care. Estimates from the World Health Organization (2003) indicate that only about 50% of patients with chronic diseases living in developed countries follow treatment recommendations.[1] In particular, low rates of adherence to therapies for asthma, diabetes, and hypertension are thought to contribute substantially to the human and economic burden of those conditions.[1] Compliance rates may be overestimated in the medical literature, as compliance is often high in the setting of a formal clinical trial but drops off in a "real-world" setting.[4] Major barriers to compliance are thought to include the complexity of modern medication regimens, poor "health literacy" and lack of comprehension of treatment...
Words: 1512 - Pages: 7
