...Music Therapy - The idea of music as a healing influence which could affect health and behavior is as least as old as the writings of Plato and Aristotle - “music affects the emotions and could influence the character of an individual”- Plato - “music affects the soul, and music is a force that purified emotions”- Aristotle - Hippocrates also played music for his mental patients. - The profession of music therapy in the U.S began to develop after World War I and World War II. What is Music Therapy? - Music therapy is an inter-personal process in which the therapist uses music and all its facets- physical, emotional, mental, social, aesthetic and spiritual to help clients improve or maintain their health. With whom is Music Therapy Used? - Music therapy is used with individuals of all ages and with a variety of conditions, including: 1. Psychiatric disorders 2. Medical problems 3. Physical Handicaps 4. Sensory Impairments 5. Developmental disabilities 6. Substance abuse 7. Aging What do the Clients do in Music Therapy? 1. Improvising- the client makeup his/her music extemporaneously, singing or playing. The client may improvise freely or according to the directions of therapist. 2. Re-creating- the client sings or plays pre-composed music. 3. Composing- the therapist helps the client to write songs, lyrics or instrumental pieces. 4. Listening- the client takes in and reacts to live or recorded music. - Music therapist also engages clients in verbal discussions...
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...Person Centred Therapy (PCT) is and I will look at the origins of this therapy with particular reference to Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers and examine the fundamental elements necessary for the therapy to be seen as patient centred. I will compare the benefits and disadvantages of Person-Centred Therapy and try to establish whether a therapist can treat all clients effectively using just the one approach or whether it is more beneficial to the client for the therapist to use a more multi-disciplinary approach. To be able to discuss this subject, it is important to describe first what we mean when discussing PCT. Person-Centred Therapy, also known as client-centred, non-directive, or Rogerian therapy, is an approach to counselling and psychotherapy that places much of the responsibility for the treatment process on the client, with the therapist taking a non-directive role. PCT emphasises person to person relationship between the therapist and client and focuses on the clientâs point of view; through active listening the therapist tries This essay is intended to explore the statement that Person-centered therapy offers therapists all they need to treat clients. In order to do this I intend to further explore the opinions of other individuals practicing and researching counseling therapies. My first thoughts are that if the Person centered approach was sufficient, there might not have been such a great variety of other approaches such as Cognitive therapy, Existential...
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...In this work I will define what Person-Centred Therapy (PCT) is and will look at the origins of this therapy with particular reference to Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers and will examine the fundamental elements necessary for the therapy to be seen as patient centred. I will compare the advantages and disadvantages of Person-Centred Therapy and try to establish whether a therapist can treat all clients effectively using just the one approach or whether it is more beneficial to the client for the therapist to use a more multi-disciplinary approach. To be able to discuss this subject, it is important to describe first what we mean when discussing PCT. Person-Centred Therapy, also known as client-centred, non-directive, or Rogerian therapy, is an approach to counselling and psychotherapy that places much of the responsibility for the treatment process on the client, with the therapist taking a non-directive role. PCT emphasises person to person relationship between the therapist and client and focuses on the client’s point of view; through active listening the therapist tries to understand the client’s present issues and emotions. In PCT the client determines the direction, course, speed and length of the treatment and the therapist helps increase the client’s insight and self-understanding. A person whose name is given to this approach is Carl Ransom Rogers. He was an influential American psychologist, who, along with Abraham Maslow, was the founder of the humanist approach...
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...claim that Person-Centered Therapy offers the therapist all that he/she will need to treat clients Person-centered therapy, which is also known as client-centered, non-directive, or Rogerian therapy, is an approach to counseling and psychotherapy that places much of the responsibility for the treatment process on the client, with the therapist taking a nondirective role. Developed in the 1930s by the American psychologist Carl Rogers, client-centered therapy departed from the typically formal, detached role of the therapist emphasized in psychoanalysis and other forms of treatment. Rogers believed that therapy should take place in a supportive environment created by a close personal relationship between client and therapist. Rogers's introduction of the term "client" rather than "patient" expresses his rejection of the traditionally hierarchical relationship between therapist and client and his view of them as equals. In person-centered therapy, the client determines the general direction of therapy, while the therapist seeks to increase the client's insight and self-understanding through informal clarifying questions. This essay will evaluate this type of therapy to establish if it is the only therapy needed by therapist to treat their clients. Rogers was a humanistic therapist which differed greatly from other approaches at that time which were based on the psychodynamic ideas of Freud, Carl Yung, Alfred Adler and others. Person Centred Therapy is not active, challenging...
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...Evaluate the claim that Person-Centred Therapy offers the therapist all that he/she will need to treat clients. Within this essay I will be discussing the advantages and disadvantages of Person- Centred Therapy and to try and establish if a therapist can treat all their clients using just this one method or would a multi-disciplinary approach be more attractive and beneficial for successful therapy. I will look at the origins of Person-Centred Therapy with emphasis taking place on Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers. I will also be explaining the fundamental foundations required for this therapy to be seen as person centred. American psychologist, Abraham Maslow (1908 – 1970), a humanistic psychologist believed that every person has a strong desire to realise and reach their own individual potential and to than reach a level of ‘self-actualisation’. Abraham Maslow was best known for creating Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. The theory is based on individuals fulfilling their needs and to move towards ‘self-actualisation’. Abraham Maslow placed much emphasis on focusing on the individual’s positive qualities then treating them or the client being seen as a bag of symptoms. Self-actualisation is the fundamental concept to the Person-Centred Therapy developed my Carl Rogers. Abraham Maslow says all human beings have a tendency to want to move forwards, grow and to reach their full potential. When individuals move towards their true full potential, Maslow suggests this individual...
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...the Person-Centeredmodel Paper must show adequate understanding of the material presented in the workshop, and reflect your ability to integrate and synthesize the course material. • Created: • Jun 01, 2009 11:15 am • Solution By Expert: • Departed Expert Solutiongo to problem One approach to help you with an assignment like this one is to address each question, which you can then draw on for your final copy. This is the approach that this response takes. I also attached a helpful APA resource. Let's take a closer look. RESPONSE: 1. Presentation of the Person-Centered model This approach was first developed by the late Dr Carl Rogers (1902 - 1987). Person-centered therapy, which is also known as client-centered, non-directive, or Rogerian therapy, is an approach to counseling and psychotherapy that places much of the responsibility for the treatment process on the client, with...
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...clinical depression will be used as a hypothetical case and the approach in helping her will be explored. The attempt to analyze, diagnose and treat her effectively given her unique situation is the goal. With each case and clinician being different it is apparent that unique interviewing skills and techniques must be applied differently for each client. Each person’s set of circumstances and personal characteristics should be considered one of a kind and handle as such. The clinician’s goal is to prepare a stage for the client to become open and accept guidance to healing. Communication Style Griselda Martinez was referred to me by her social worker handling her Child Protective Services case. She is court ordered to have 16 weeks of therapy as part of her reunification plan. Her 12 year-old daughter was removed from the home and placed in temporary foster care because the school psychologist reported possible child neglect and endangerment. Griselda has attempted suicide twice and her daughter witnessed both attempts. She is currently not under doctor’s care and taking no prescribed medications to deal with the depression. The first interview is arranged at her home since she expressed extreme difficulty in leaving her home. I plan to wear casual clothing since we are meeting in her home environment,...
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...Group Work With Children and Adolescents I would like to propose a counseling group for children in fourth and fifth grade (ages 9-11). According to Corey, Corey, and Corey (2010) counseling groups focus on the "interpersonal process and problem-solving strategies that stress conscious thoughts, feelings, and behaviors" (p. 14). The authors note that play therapy can be integrated into any type of group and this would be age appropriate for the selected population. Potential group members would be selected via a screening process for diagnostic relevance, legal restrictions, and appropriateness for the group. It this area it is common to have families with no-contact orders and DCF involvement. It is necessary to screen potential members to avoid putting families at risk of violating legal restrictions placed on them. The group would be capped at 8 members due...
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...“Evaluate the claim that Person-Centred Therapy offers the therapist is all that he / she will need to treat clients” In order to evaluate the claim that Person-Centred Therapy is all that is needed for a therapist to treat their clients, it is first necessary to look at the Therapy as a concept and the basic premise on which its theories rest, before looking at how this model effects change in the client, and then considering whether this approach is enough to achieve results in all types of client problems or whether indeed it is found to be somewhat lacking in its effectiveness for some or all cases along with some criticisms voiced by other writers and therapists who follow alternative models as a preference. . The Person-Centred or “Rogerian” model as it is sometimes referred to, was developed by an American, Carl Rogers (Jan 8 1902 – Feb 4 1987) who was one of the most influential psychologists of the 20th century. He was a humanist thinker and believed that all people are fundamentally good. He also believed that people have a self actualising tendency, or a desire to fulfil their own potential and become the best people they can be. He worked as a psychotherapist for most of his adult life and in developing his model he made some key assumptions. He believed that all individuals are capable of exercising free will and that human beings are basically good and if given the opportunity they will always strive towards goodness...
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...Person centered and Gestalt Therapy The Gestalt approach to therapy emerged during the 1950’s and was developed by Frederick Perls (1893-1970). The aim of Gestalt therapy is to increase awareness, so that the client comes to resolution of unfinished business and the integration of the thinking, feeling and sensing processes. In Gestalt therapy the emphasis is placed on the present experience, the perception of the individual as a whole and the direct awareness of emotions and action. Gestalt therapists believe that the emotional problems and frustrations that are experienced by individuals are attributed to the lack of recognition and understanding of their own feelings. In addition to this Gestaltist believe that many individuals lose parts of themselves when they are confronted with the overpowering task of coping in society. The role of therapist in Gestalt therapy is to encourage the client to acknowledge their emotions. This is by the therapist supporting the client to express their current feeling and experiences. The main focus for the client in Gestalt therapy is to stay in the ‘here and now.’ This is very important because it allows client to stay focused in the present when it comes to their feelings and experiences. Looking at past situations, experiences and future goals is not permitted in therapy because it can cause anxieties that bring forth excessive problems. This is why the ‘here and now’ is emphasized. Also within gestalt therapy the therapist helps the clients...
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...I am a qualified play therapist having received a Diploma in Non-Directive Play Therapy and I hold a Masters in Therapeutic Child Care. LG was referred to me by her social worker, after her foster carer had reported that LG had displayed some worrying and confusing behaviours. In September 2007 LG and her younger sister were accommodated. They have remained in foster care since then and have lived with the same foster carers. The referral informed me that LG had witnessed domestic violence between her parents and excessive use of alcohol. It was thought that she may also have witnessed adults using drugs. The referral described occasions when LG’s carer found her very upset and crying silently. At these times it would take her foster carer a long time to soothe LG. LG has suffered from traumatic losses in her first five years. Consequently her sense of trust has been severely shaken, as was her sense of a secure base. I hypothesised that LG would not only have suffered from the experiences of loss, domestic violence, physical abuse and neglect, but from emotional neglect and broken attachments. After meeting with LG at her foster carer’s house 5 months ago, weekly play therapy sessions began. Throughout this time I have reviewed the therapy regularly with LG’s foster carer and regularly discussed the therapy with LG’s social worker. LG uses every session to its fullest extent. There have been occasions when she found it very difficult to leave the...
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...Quiz 5 Study Guide 1. Private logic includes which of the following: a. lifestyle goals, b. hidden reasons, c. immediate goals. d. All of the above 2. Adler believed that problems that come to therapy are related to: a. Career, love relationships and friendships b. Attention, power, inadequacy c. Career, sex, and power d. Revenge, career, relationships 3. Adler believed people need to be educated to value and exhibit: a. superiority b. social interest c. achievement d. career competency 4. Adler’s concept of style of life refers to: a. A person’s picture album b. The way a person meets personal needs c. The direction in which the person is moving d. The family constellation 5. Which of the following is a personality priority according to Adlerians? a. Disputing others b. Emotional liability c. Seeking revenge for inferiority d. Pleasing 6. Which of the following did Adler consider a barometer of mental health? a. Social interest b. Goals of misbehavior c. Lifestyle d. Inferiority complex 7. Which of the following is an Adlerian concept? a. a few people develop some sense of inferiority b. masculine protest - a striving for power is common to both sexes c. sexual pleasure is the prime motivator of behavior d. individual interest is more important than social interest 8. Which of the following are true of Adlerian psychology? a. behavior is mechanistic b. one's level of social interest is not a good measure...
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...that the stated approaches may be used for. Client Centered Approach The client centered approach is a behavioral tool that human service professionals use in counseling or psychotherapy. Developed in the 1930s by American psychologist Carl Rogers (Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders, 2012), client centered therapy focuses on human strengths rather than human deficiencies. The client centered approach is non-directive and creates behavioral change by focusing on personal growth and self-actualization. It was Roger’s belief that humans who move toward self-actualization are more inclined to have concern for others and behave in genuine, trustworthy, and constructive ways. Rogers believed the way to accomplish this was to place the client in control. To establish client control, the therapist does not direct the client, does not pass judgments on the client’s feelings, and does not offer suggestions or solutions (CRC Health Group, 2011). The benefits of client centered therapy are positioned on the ability of the therapist to establish and maintain an open and non-judgmental environment in which the client plays an active role in his or her recovery. Client centered therapy is effective because it gives the client the opportunity to take responsibility for...
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...Evaluate the claim that Person-Centred Therapy offers the Therapist all that he/she will need to treat clients. Contents Introduction Carl Rogers. Background and Influences Theoretical Constructs Strengths and Weaknesses Conclusion Notes References Introduction In this essay I will be discussing the viability of Person-Centred Therapy as an exclusive method of treatment for clients. Without an appreciation of this approach it would be difficult to judge the merits of the claim as laid out in the main essay title. Therefore I will begin with an introduction to Carl Rogers, his background and influences. In this essay I will explore the main theoretical constructs. Following on from this I will look at the advantages of this approach and consider its success in treating psychological disorders. Although Carl Rogers inspired many, he was not without his Critics. Therefore I will include the difficulties and doubts expressed by other Practitioners in order to get an opposing viewpoint. I will end with my evaluation of the claim itself and the reasons why I have arrived at my conclusions. Carl Rogers Background and Influences Carl Rogers was born in Illinois, Chicago, in 1902. His parents were middle-class, respectable and hard-working. His Father was a Civil Engineer and his Mother a stay-at-home housewife. Carl was the fourth child in a family of six children. Rogers’...
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...A Theory in Progress Every theory begins with just a thought. One thought can change the course of history and the lives of many. Aristotle had a thought when he saw the shadow cast by the earth upon the moon. This thought led to the theory that the world is round, which people know to be true. There is no brilliance in coming up with a theory, only a thought that leads to a larger idea, which soon becomes a theory. Sigmund Freud's theories about the unconscious mind led him to what he calls psychoanalysis. In layman's terms, psychoanalysis is little more than a patient sitting in a room with another person discussing the issues that bother him or her in his or her life. When thinking about this on a broader scale, psychoanalysis is much more. Psychoanalysis with a well educated and trained individual can open the eyes to see deeper into the patients psyche. When the psychoanalyst gives the patient the right tools, he or she can help the patient overcome the obstacles that hold him or her hostage. Thought to Theory Some of the brightest minds in history made their theory into scientific data that people of all ages learn from. Each one; forming an idea in their mind and putting their idea into practice, and then ultimately becoming a theory. Theories are always changing and making better the ideas of the past. Not one person can truly know the human mind to its fullest, but with practice and theory people can learn more about the mind and obtain a better understanding of how...
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