...1. Noise Noise signals is undesirable that always exists in a transmission system. This noise will disturb the quality of the desired received signal and eventually disrupt the process of receiving and sending data. According to the source of this noise can be distinguished: Internal Noise, due to thermal, intermodulation, crosstalk External Noise, due to the atmosphere, extraterrestrial, man made. Random Noise is noise occurrence can not be predicted. Various random noise: Thermal Noise: noise due to the effects of heat Intermodulation noise: noise due to the influx of foreign frequency communication channels Crosstalk noise: noise due to the influx of foreign signals to the communication channel Impulse noise: noise due to the entry signal has a voltage level high enough suddenly to the communication channel Fading noise: noise due to changes in the Earth's atmosphere conditions Statistical noise is noise that occurs can be predicted. Various statistical noise: Attenuation: drop in the voltage level of the received signal due to the characteristics of the media Delay: delay the arrival of the signal so that slow down the processing 2. Interference Interference is the nuisance of unwanted signals in which the frequency adjacent to or equal to the desired signal as well as a great power. In the world of IT-based telecommunications and satellite there are things that can not be avoided that interference / Interference, but with a certain...
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...The objective of lab eight was to describe the fronts there are on different types of maps. II. Methods: The materials that we used for lab eight was four different websites and our textbook. The first website was http://www.state.nj.us/dep/seeds/wssym.htm and we used this to help us read the different types of symbols that were on the maps. http://weather.uwyo.edu/surface/front.html was used to look at the map that had fonts of the day. http://weather.rap.ucar.edu/surface/ we used this website to look at weather symbols of a specific area from the previous map. The last website was http://earth.nullschool.net where we looked at the flow of the air on the map. I used my book to learn how to read a station model. All of the things that were used for this lab were very important in order to get it done. III. Results: The map that is below has all different kinds of fronts that are happening all over the United States. There are many clod and warm fronts, we also have a few stationary fronts that are across the map in many different locations. The first front that I notice was a long cold front that starts in New Mexico and traveled all the way up to Canada. The Pacific Ocean has a stationary and warm front happening in between Oregon and California. There is a cold front that starts in North Carolina and travels out to the Atlantic Ocean. In the Atlantic Ocean also has a warm front that is happening. In Canada there is a little stationary front and a long cold front that formed...
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...The purpose of unit 8 data analysis project is for students choosing a file of their choice and utilized the required spreadsheets to compute different figures for each. Each spreadsheet must show a description of the spreadsheet with utilizing the Frequency Distribution, Descriptive Statistics, conducting three different hypothesis tests, and conducting a multiple regression. Instructions for the project is to choose 200 observations from the file by giving a description of the data file as well as giving a description on which data was utilized for computation. The data file utilized for this project was excel spreadsheet http://www.drjimmirabella.com/Bethel/Cars.xls. The data file consists of 200 cars, including variables vehicle name, suggested retail price, CityMPG, HwyMPG, Dealer Cost, Type of Vehicle, Engine Size, Engine Cylinders, Weight of Vehicle in pounds, and Wheel Base in inches. Data were extracted from the file and utilized in each spreadsheet to better understand and explain each chosen variable....
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...I am writing in support of the USU. 8: The Economic Growth Act, and more specifically the border adjustment provision. Currently, the American tax system counts imports as business costs (meaning they count as a deduction) and the corporation’s exports and profits are taxed. Under the new Economic Growth Act, imports would no longer be counted as deductions and would instead be taxed at a 20% rate (down from the current 35% rate). However, as a result, all exports would be exempt from taxation. This causes the tax system to shift from a “destination-based” rather than “origin-based” and while this is a drastic change to our current tax system, I think this is a tax reform that everyone can get behind (Miller 19). This bill will stimulate and...
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...The objectives of “Lab 8: Lemon Car Competition” were to use redox reactions to store energy in capacitors, to learn about battery cells and construct a lemon citrus cell to power devices, and to build a vehicle powered by either a lemon battery or a capacitor to be entered in a competition. The competition objective was to win the competition. The winner was the vehicle with the highest competition ratio, which was calculated using Equation 1 below. To have the highest competition ratio, the cost and time traveled were minimized and the distance traveled was maximized. The designed vehicle came in last place along with three other vehicles because it did not travel. The car costed $3.50 and traveled 0 foot, so the competition ratio was zero....
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...law states that the current flowing in the circuit is directly proportional to the voltage applied if the resistor ‘R’ of the circuit is constant and the mathematical modeling of this law is given as V = IR Where ‘V’ is the applied voltage, R is total resistance in the circuit and ‘I’ is the current flowing. There may be more than one resistance in the circuit and in that case all resistance values must be added up to get the total resistance in the circuit. The second basic law is the Watt’s law which states that the power dissipated in the circuit will be directly proportional to voltage if the current is constant. The power is also directly proportional to current if voltage is kept constant. The power is the energy being used per unit time or the rate of dissipation of energy in the circuit. To meet the objectives three different exercises would be carried out in this lab to test various basic laws. Apparatus: The NI LEVIS work station very useful in electrical labs because almost all electrical circuits can be built on it and can be tested. The following electrical components were used in this lab experiment Resistors: 1 k Ω, 2.2 k Ω, 1 M Ω and 10 x 10 Ω Capacitor: 0.1 uF Small pieces of wires were used to connect these components on the breadboard. Figure 1: NI ELVIS work station Exercise 1 – Use of Digital Multimeter to Measure Resistance, Voltage and Current In this circuit the resistors used are R1 = 1 k Ω R2 = 2.2 k Ω Voltage; V = 5 V Figure 2:...
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...Give a basic explanation of each step necessary to assemble a connector to a piece of fiber optic cable 1. Cable and Optical fiber preparation 2. Oven cured Epoxy application and connector assembly 3. Oven cured epoxy polishing General Guidelines The following contains information on the placement of fiber optic cables in various indoor and outdoor environments. In general, fiber optic cable can be installed with many of the same techniques used with conventional copper cables. Basic guidelines that can be applied to any type of cable installation are as follows: Conduct a thorough site survey prior to cable placement. Develop a cable pulling plan. Follow proper procedures. Do not exceed cable minimum bend radius. Do not exceed cable maximum recommended load. Document the installation. Conduct a Site Survey The purpose of a site survey is to recognize circumstances or locations in need of special attention. For example, physical hazards such as high temperatures or operating machinery should be noted and the cable route planned accordingly. If the fiber optic cable has metallic components, it should be kept clear of power cables. Additionally, building code regulations, like the National Electric Code (NEC)** must be considered. If there are questions regarding local building codes or regulations, they should be addressed to the authority having jurisdiction, such as the fire marshal or city building inspector. Develop a Cable...
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...AME: VISHAL KADU UINT NAME: FUNCTION AND OPEREATION OF VEHICLE PETROL INJECTION SYSTEM UINT NO: 8 ASSIGNMENT: 1 TASK: 1 EXPLAN THE OPERATION OF MULTI POINT AND SINGLE POINT PETROL INJECTION SYSTEM USED ON MODERN FUEL INJECTED ENGINES THERE ARE TWO TYPE OF FUEL INJECTION: Multi point fuel injection Single point fuel injection Sequential fuel injection Direct injection Carburetor WHAT IS FUEL INJECTOR? It is the driver turns the ignition key on the energizes a relay that supplies voltage to the fuel pump The motor inside the pump starts to spin and runs for a few seconds to build pressure in the fuel system a timer in the pump will run until the engine starts Fuel is drawn into the pump through an inlet...
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...Two perand operations allowed either a register or memory to serve as one operand and either a register or constant to serve as the other. Memory operands were addressable in four ways : 1) direct 16-bit offset address; 2) indirect through a base register, optional with 8 or 16 bit displacement; 3) indirect through an index register, optional with 8 or 16 bit displacement; 4) indirectly through the sum of a base register and index register, optional with 8 or 16 bit displacement [4]. Addressing mode usage allowed register BX and BP to serve as base registers and SI and DI as index registers. This made language implementation of simple variables, arrays, based variables and stack markers all possible. Data transfer, Arithmetic, Multiplication and Division, Decimal Instruction and Logicals were all carried over and improved from the Intel 8080. Although string-manipulation was a new set of instructions not provided by the previous Intel 8080. The Intel 8086 provides a primitive group of 1-byte instructions which perform operations on byte and word strings [4]. These any many other unique advancements...
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...Lab 8 This chapter give as closer look into binoculars and telescopes. Hans Lippershey invented the telescope. He tested this by looking at small object in the floor. There are two different kinds of telescopes. These two different kinds of telescopes are the refractor and reflector. As the name states it the reflecting telescope uses mirrors to reflect the image and come back into the pupil. First the light goes through the front of the telescope and goes in the concave mirror. When this is done the light and image is passed on to the flat mirror and is reflected into the eye piece and the image goes into the pupil. The refractor telescope uses lenses to magnify the image. The light first goes in the primary lens and then the light goes...
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...1. The first independent variable is the different luminance cues which included light, equiliminant and dark conditions, and the second independent variable was the target location either positioned on the same side (valid trial) or at an opposite location (invalid trial). The dependent variables include the reaction times of participants measured in milliseconds and the responses recorded for stimuli identification. 2. Specifically, a limitation is that the researcher only used green and red hues in his experiment instead of including the other opponent pairs, yellow paired with blue and black with white. A second weakness is the experiment only had square stimulus shapes instead of containing multiple shapes, such as bars and circles. Lastly, the researcher should have included a control group or neutral trials in order to solidify the results suggesting dual processing. 3. First, the researcher controlled for different sources of luminance information by using the same stimulus, setting the subject’s equiluminance point, and by adding random noise to eliminate the possible effect of luminance cues. Furthermore, the researcher controlled for confounding factors and bias by randomizing the trial order presented to subjects, the location of the target, and the target’s orientation. Lastly, the researcher controlled for flawed data by eliminating reaction times that deviated greatly by categorizing such times as misses and anticipatory responses. 4. This quarter, I learned that...
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...After the water is hot enough it will switch off the heater and it will switch on motor to rotate the inner drum back and forth, sloshing the clothes through the soapy water. 7. The detergent work with water pulls out the dirt or stain from the clothes and trap the dirt in the water. 8. After finish wash the washing machine will switch on the water valves to drains from both drums. Then will be rinse mode where the pump is switched on to help empty the water in the drums. 9. Now the microcontroller will invoke the water valves to switches on again to allow clean water enter the drums. 10. The microcontroller invoke the inner drums to rotate back and forth again in order the clean water to rinses the clothes that have detergent. Then will empties the drums again and repeats this process few times to get rid all the soap. 11. After the clothes are rinsed from the detergent then the microcontroller invoke the inner drum rotate in very high speed, speed may reach around 80 mph. All the clothes will flung against the outside edge...
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...are used to embed the information. This technique is very easy to be detected. A more secure system is for the sender to hide the text bits randomly in the image [6]. At the beginning of the encoding process, the program reserves 29 bits from the image’s header; 8 bits for inserting a letter ‘m’ which indicates if this image has text hid in it or not. This is for facilitating recognizing the image that contains hidden text from other images. 8 other bits for a letter ‘t’, indicating if the text the user entered is a text file, otherwise the text is from a text box. 3 bits are reserved for the number of LSBs the user chose (1, 2, or 3). These LSBs are based on the image’s colors (the RBG), if 1 is chosen, it means we are only hiding in the Red color, 2...
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...will be investigating will be a home theatre system, this is normally a smaller setup but with a dedicated sound card for the surround sound environment in most home theatre systems. I want to make this as simple as possible picking only the best but still somewhat affordable components for each and go into detail on the specific parts of each system that makes them stand out amongst the others and why these parts are needed and won’t be found in every system you will buy. Gaming PC The motherboard or Main Board is the main printed circuit board found in computers and most other expandable systems, it holds the port and allows communication between many of the crucial electronic components of the system, such as the central processing unit (CPU) and random access memory (RAM), and provides connectors for other peripherals such as SATA connectors for optical drives and Disc Drives and other components I’ll mention further on. Mother Board (Main Board) Asus Z97-PRO Gamer ATX Motherboard Below you will see pictures of this component, it allows for a LGA1150 socket for the use of either a Intel® Core™ i7/ Core™ i5 / Core™ i3, Pentium®, and Celeron® processors for this build we will be using the new and high spec Intel® Core™ i7 processor for it’s faster processing speed which is needed for the high demands of the A rated games available today through online distributors such as STEAM™ or Origin™. It allows also for 32GB of duel core DDR3 RAM memory which for high level...
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...Final Design Project The final design was a combination of a month’s worth of creativity, ingenuity, hard work and most importantly, team work. Although the preliminary design was determined to be mostly unusable, we did gain a vast amount of knowledge which was critical to the final design of our project. The first portion of the project was tasked with catching all of the marbles as they were going to be dropped all at once. Our goal was to create a mechanism which would all for the balls to be sent through the project one by one as we believed that this would allow for more efficient and more accurate sorting. Thankfully, we were able to use the same design for the ball delivery system as in the preliminary design as the entire team was very pleased with how well it worked. The final design for the mechanism was built on a cardboard shoe box which was flipped upside down, had the front panel cut off, and had a small hole cut in the top. The mechanism contained a stationary bowl (DIMNSIONS) with the bottom cut out, underneath the bowl was a rotating disk connected to a 180-servo motor programmed using Arduino. The disk was made out of card board, had a depth of (DEPTH) and had a hole slightly bigger than a single marble cut in it. The balls were dropped into the bowl and as the disk rotated a single ball would fall into the hole and be taken with the disk. In following portion of the project, as the disk rotated with a single ball in it the ball would fall through the hole...
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