...What is the IAEA? The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an international organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons. The IAEA was established as an autonomous organization on 29 July 1957. Though established independently of the United Nations through its own international treaty, the IAEA Statute,[1] the IAEA reports to both the UN General Assembly and Security Council. The IAEA serves as an intergovernmental forum for scientific and technical cooperation in the peaceful use of nuclear technology and nuclear power worldwide. The programs of the IAEA encourage the development of the peaceful applications of nuclear technology, provide international safeguards against misuse of nuclear technology and nuclear materials, and promote nuclear safety (including radiation protection) and nuclear security standards and their implementation. The IAEA's mission is guided by the interests and needs of Member States, strategic plans and the vision embodied in the IAEA Statute (see below). Three main pillars – or areas of work – underpin the IAEA's mission: Safety and Security; Science and Technology; and Safeguards and Verification The IAEA as an autonomous organization is not under direct control of the UN, but the IAEA does report to both the UN General Assembly and Security Council. Unlike most other specialized international agencies, the IAEA does much of its work with...
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...there project team, for there performance, and for the execution of there project management. This company has a goal has a purpose, which is to obtain nuclear fusion in a laboratory setting. Fusion is a renewable energy source. The NIF will be used to assure the safety and security of weapons that are nuclear. They will provide a way to carbon free and a limitless source of energy. They will make astrophysics larger, material science, and basic science. “The team at NIF had a deadline for the construction so all the equipment could be in and completed” said Dr. Edward Moses, Principal Associate Director for the NIF and Photon Science Directorate. They made sure they had everything in place so they could be organize and everybody that help fit right in. The project had resources which was from people who was working like the scientist, the engineers, the vendors, suppliers, technicians, and support personnel. Other resources they had was the machinery. That consisted of 192 lasers which can give of 50 more times the energy than any other laser. They wanted to develop fusion which is clean energy and is unlimited energy. They have more than 3,000 pieces of amplifier glass, 8,000 large optics and 30,000 small optics that have been broken down into 6,206 replicable units. The NIF is funded by the Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration, and by other parties. In the past couple of years they had talks about there fundings with the...
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...December 2013 On March 11th, 2011 the Tōhoku earthquake and the resulting tsunami wreaked havoc upon Japan. Unfortunately, this natural disaster resulted in the largest nuclear disaster since Chernobyl, as the tsunami crippled the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Following this severe breach in security, numerous radioactive isotopes and radioactive particles were released into the environment, specifically the Pacific Ocean and the surrounding air/atmosphere, thus contaminating groundwater, soil and seawater, as well as effectively shutting down a myriad of Japanese fisheries. The ocean and air mainly came in contact with high levels of Iodine-131, Cesium-137, and Cesium-134, as well as lower levels of Tellurium, Uranium, and Strontium, which were concentrated closer to the surrounding area of the nuclear power plant. However, the impact that these radioactive materials will have upon the United States, in particular, has caused quite the national controversy. Despite heavy national acceptance of the occurrence of the disaster, two popular and opposing hypotheses have formed as a result of the Media’s lack of focus on recent analyses of the impending effects of Fukushima Disaster upon the U.S.: (1) the radioactive material that leaked as a result of the TEPCO nuclear power plant failure will not have a drastic, threatening effect on the United States, specifically the West Coast, due to the supposedly limited leak of radioactive material...
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...City University of Hong Kong Master of Business Administration FB6706 Executive Discovery and Network Group report: Energy resources – Strategies and National Safety (能源战略与国家安全) Presented by Prof. Way Kuo on 18th September 2014 Prepared by Group 14: LEUNG Wai Hung, Calvin (53924394) LU, Yan Hui (53833750) QIU, Tao (53997233) SU, Jiahui (53739822) YANG, Xi (53863790) It was our honor to attend the presentation on “Energy Resources – Strategies and National Safety” given by Professor Way Kuo, the President of City University of Hong Kong and University Distinguished Professor. As an expert in the area of safety reliability, Professor Kuo wrote one of his popular science books named “Key Report of Nuclear Power” (2013), which aroused great impacts. The presentation was based on this book, which we could divide into three areas: Nuclear Safety & Environmental Issues, People’s Acceptance and Public Media Impacts. Nuclear Safety & Environmental Issues In the presentation, Professor Kuo said, currently the main resource to generate electricity was fire, such as coal and gas etc. The next would be water resource, nuclear resource and other new energy resources. In China, the most frequently used was fire to generate electricity. However, this created a lot of environment pollutions such as haze in Beijing. Moreover, in spite of the large amounts of rivers in China, waterpower was still lacking. It could not 1 become an alternative generation to support...
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...Technology – Boon or Bane? Posted on August 25, 2011by Sumukh Naik Technology is one of the greatest invention of mankind.It is so powerful that it shapes our thinking and our way of life within no time.It is ever evolving.Technology is a tool invented and sharpened by humans to make their life easier.Those who know the correct application of technology, be it any sphere of activity, have managed to make lives easier for themselves and to some extent also for others. I feel the best technological breakthrough was the invention of computers which basically led to further advancement in technology viz the creation of many softwares and hardware. Technology has gifted mankind with various boons but look closely and you will realise that technology have blessed mankind with two very important aspects – facility of communication and creation of time. Creation of phone, fax, paging services, mobile services, video conferencing etc are few of the facilities that the human mind has been able to conceive with the aid of technology.All have played a very important part in making the world a ‘Global Village’. Technology has ensured that one can easily communicate with anyone on land, in air(aeroplanes) or even when the person is under the calm waves of dark deep-sea (submarines). But the Time Creation aspect of technology has now posed a challenge and threat which very few had ever thought of. Computers – They have evolved rapidly at the rate of knots. A few decades ago, a single...
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...THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES ST. AUGUSTINE, TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO, WEST INDIES FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & ENGINEERING STUDENTS’ SOCIETY Technical Report Writing Workshop Facilitated by: Halcyon Lawrence March 03, 2007 Table of Contents Topic 1: The Communication Model ............................................................................. 4 Topic 2: Five Cs of Technical Communication .............................................................. 7 Clarity ............................................................................................................................. 7 Structural Clarity (document level) ............................................................................ 7 Stylistic Clarity ........................................................................................................... 7 Grammatical Clarity.................................................................................................... 7 Contextual Clarity....................................................................................................... 7 Conciseness..................................................................................................................... 8 Document level Conciseness ...................................................................................... 8 Paragraph/sentence level Conciseness........................................................................ 8 Concreteness ......................................
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...Nuclear Warfare Jessica Mendez History 1000c Professor Herbin December 3, 2012 Today I write to you, Mr. President, with understanding that we, as a nation, sit in a tough predicament. The war has been going on for quite sometime now and although we’ve made some advances on the front lines, it still doesn’t seem like enough to defeat those threatening us. Innocent lives have been taken on both our part as well as our enemies’ and our nation is looking to you in hopes that you may have some sort of a strategy to end this war once and for all. It has been brought to my attention that the use of nuclear weapons has been proposed to you as a strategy to bring this long war to an end. Nuclear weapons have proved somewhat successful in the past (WWII) and are still available for use in an even larger quantity. The reason why my saying that it was “somewhat successful” is because although it brought an ending to World War II, it caused a tremendous amount of hurt to many innocent people and to nature. The use of the nuclear weapon also tickled the curiosity of many nations to begin building their own nuclear bombs. When it was first used, we were the only ones that had successfully harnessed the nuclear energy to use it as weapons of mass destruction. Now in time, that is no longer the case. Many nations now also have a line up of nuclear weapons of mass destruction hidden away and ready to be used at a moments notice. Personally, I don’t believe that the use of such...
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...Thank you for your interest in Excelsior College. Complete this application if this is your first time applying to Excelsior College or if you were enrolled in the School of Nursing within the last five years and have since earned additional collegelevel credit. If you have withdrawn from a business, health sciences, liberal arts, or technology degree program within the last five years, please contact your Academic Advising Office as you may not be required to submit an application. If you are a graduate of a business, health sciences, liberal arts, technology, or nursing degree program, please contact your Academic Advising Office as you may not be required to submit an application. Licensed practical/vocational nurse Licensed massage therapist Certified pharmacy technician School of Nursing Candidates In addition to official transcripts, nursing candidates must submit a copy of a current license or certification to verify professional status in an appropriate health care profession. This license should be mailed with your application or faxed to the Undergraduate Application for Admission Team at 518-464-8833. Bachelor of Science in nursing (BRN) and RN to Master of Science in nursing (MRN) applicants must submit an official transcript showing the completion of associate degree nursing education or RN diploma education. Nursing courses completed at institutions other than Excelsior College are only evaluated upon enrollment. International Nurses: Admission to the associate degree...
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...Today, electrical generation is responsible for 41 percent of the Unites States’ carbon dioxide emissions. The majority of electrical generation comes from conventional, fossil fuel run, power plants, with nuclear power being the leading alternative. But neither source is renewable or sustainable, furthermore, nuclear energy is beset with many problems. Alternative energy refers to energy sources which are not based on the burning of fossil fuels or the splitting of atoms. There are numerous reasons for supporting alternative energy development: lower air and water pollution, reduce land disruption through mining and drilling, reduce solid and hazardous waste production and greenhouse gas emission. Only renewable energy options offer long-term hope for sustainability. Several alternative energy options already exist, such as wind, solar, wave and geothermal. I believe that we have the technology today, to power the world sustainably. Presently, nuclear energy is responsible for approximately 16 percent of the world’s electricity; in the U.S. it is the second leading source of energy next to coal. Nuclear energy is often looked at as a cleaner alternative to burning fossil fuels due to the low amounts of greenhouse gases emitted by the power plants. But the use of nuclear technology is full of security and waste-disposal problems. Despite high security standards, it is technically impossible to build a plant with 100 percent security. The consequences of an accident, like...
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...Hutchinson(1886) Second appearance: Gilford (1904) Only roughly 60 cases have been reported since: (Debrusk 1972, Brown et al. 1985 & 1986) Erikkson et al. 2003—f rst research done to show actual i causes and effects Research of Erikkson et. al (2003) 1. Out of 23 progeria, he found that 20 had a de novo mutation in LMNA gene(codes for nuclear Lamina A) 2. 18 out of 20: GGCGGT 1 out of 20: GGCAGC 1 out of 20: GAGAAG The causes of Progeria in the other three cases are unknown 3. Creation of splice site Mechanisms of mRNA Splicing Introns vs. Exons Donor acceptor pairs: GT-AG, GC-AG, AT-AC, and GT-GG. (Fong et al. 2006). The base pair progressions, GT, GC, and AT have the potential to set of a splice site. The splice site signals the excision of genetic information, leading to a deletion of 150 bps, and 50 amino acids. Retrieved from: http://progeria2010researchproject.weebly.com/upload s/5/8/7/9/5879933/4698219.png Truncated Lamina A: Progerin Normal Wild-type Lamina contains two modif cations i (attachments): the farsynal group and the terminal group. Removal of two groupssuccessful integration into Nuclear Membrane. Truncated Lamina A (Progerin): does not have terminal group. Cannot successfully integrate, and messes up...
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...practices in the physical sciences december 2011 Acknowledgements This report was the result of a collaborative effort between the Research Information Network, the Institute of Physics, Institute of Physics Publishing and the Royal Astronomical Society. They would like to thank the study authors at the 1) Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, 2) Department of Information Systems, London School of Economics, 3) UCL Centre for Digital Humanities and the Department of Information Studies, University College, London, 4) e-Humanities Group, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts & Sciences (KNAW) and Maastricht University, and 5) Oxford e-Research Centre (OeRC), University of Oxford. The main authors for this report are: Eric T. Meyer, Monica Bulger, Avgousta Kyriakidou-Zacharoudiou, Lucy Power, Peter Williams, Will Venters, Melissa Terras, Sally Wyatt. For the full acknowledgements, please see the project website: www.rin.ac.uk/phys-sci-case contents executive summary Overview method cases Tools and practices of information Information sources 68 69 77 78 4 4 4 4 research software dissemination complexity conclusion and recommendations Information retrieval Information and data management data analysis citation practices dissemination practices collaboration Transformations in practice New questions New technologies recommendations 79 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 88 90 91 92 Glossary Information in the physical sciences background and related literature...
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...One of the major shortcomings of science supposedly is a lack of communication between scientists and the general public. Many argue that too often, science is only presented in written academic journals that are not so easily obtained by the general public. This is discussed on a daily basis and was argued in the aftermath of the 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan, as well as in on-going debate about other scientific theories and ideas. However, people fail to realize a few things. One of the major things is that, in terms of an earthquake or tsunami, you simply cannot predict anything like that. You cannot blame scientists for not being able to predict an earthquake like a meteorologist can predict weather events. Scientists can study things like seismic activity and they can make assumptions as to what may happen should an earthquake of a high magnitude hit and cause something catastrophic like a tsunami. Yet, some fail to realize that some safety measures were taken, and even inspectors that visited the Fukushima Nuclear power plant asked Japanese authorities to increase safety measures further. According to a France24 news article written three months after the catastrophe, “A three-page summary was issued at the end of the 18-member team’s May 24-June 2 inspector mission to Japan. It said the country underestimated the threat from tsunamis to the Fukushima plant and urged sweeping changes to its regulatory system. Japanese authorities have been criticised for...
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...Peter Holmes, A lieutenant commander in the Royal Australian Navy was to report to Australian navy headquarters to receive his next assignment in the Navy. During the interview Peter is assigned to be a liaison officer aboard the U. S. S. Scorpion, an American nuclear submarine. The U.S.S Scorpion is one of only two useful subs working with the Australian fleet. Both are American nuclear submarines that happened to be south of the Equator when a nuclear war killed all life in the northern hemisphere. These subs are extremely useful because they do not require petroleum, which before the war was imported to Australia. After determining what had happened in the war, the remaining American navy has been commanded to follow orders from the Australian navy, which is now using the two subs to map the aftermath of war zones. They can safely navigate into the area if their supply of uncontaminated air is enough as well as if they stay submerged. The Scorpion is to use its periscope and loudspeaker to determine if there is anyone left alive in its area of exploration, and to also measure radiation levels going north from Melbourne. The U.S.S Scorpion’s mission is to determine if radiation fallout from the cobalt bombs used in the war has killed everyone in the northern...
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...over military bombers and the US nuclear arsenal. Skynet was created to eliminate human error and respond quickly to enemy attacks. The system taught itself and by August 29th, gained artificial consciousness. The operators panicked after realizing the capabilities of Skynet and attempted to shut it down. Skynet viewed this as an attack and responded. It’s reponse was the extermination of the humans. Nuclear missiles were launched at Russia and Russia responded with a counter-attack. Over 3 billion people were killed that day. The humans were enslaved by Skynet’s army of machines but started a resistance movement. Today, we are still at battle attempting to over power the machines and regain our world. (The Terminator, 1984) The year today is 2015. We are all living outside of enslavement from machines and our world has not been destroyed by nuclear weapons. What you just read was the basis for the 1984 movie, The Terminator. Technology had been made too powerful, gained self-awareness, and took over the world. Thankfully, that is not our world. However, will it be in the future? Technology may not have progressed as fast and as far as the movie thought that it would by now, but it’s getting better by the day and it’s still possible that we could reach that point where machines become self-aware. With help from the Cambridge Companion to Science Fiction and the Cambridge Companion to Fantasy books, we will explore the connection between science fiction and the real world, analyze...
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...Pollution From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other uses, see Pollution (disambiguation). The litter problem on the coast of Guyana, 2010 Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change.[1] Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. Ancient cultures Air pollution has always accompanied civilizations. Pollution started from prehistoric times when man created the first fires. According to a 1983 article in the journal Science, "soot found on ceilings of prehistoric caves provides ample evidence of the high levels of pollution that was associated with inadequate ventilation of open fires."[2] Metal forging appears to be a key turning point in the creation of significant air pollution levels outside the home. Core samples of glaciers in Greenland indicate increases in pollution associated with Greek, Roman and Chinese metal production,[3] but at that time the pollution was comparatively small and could be handled by nature. Urban pollution Air pollution in the US, 1973 The burning of coal and wood, and the presence of many horses in concentrated areas made the cities the cesspools of pollution. The Industrial Revolution brought an infusion of untreated chemicals and wastes...
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