Premium Essay

Ob Open Systems O

In:

Submitted By themasato11
Words 259
Pages 2
Open Systems approach

One of the most basic and ground concepts to the perspectives is the open system approach as it draws significant attention to the boundary of the organization and its context. Developing a design that effectively manages the exchanges – of raw materials, people, products,etc. – across boundaries is, in an open systems perspective, considered to be key to survival and prosperity. In the current world orginisations are perceived as consumers of resources and exporters of resources known as inputs and outputs. It is essential for orginisations to outlast and succeed in such a changing world and to do so it is a necessity to adapt and control in these environments. It is required to control internal activities through this, and to efficiently dispose off outputs produced by the resources (inputs) especially in regards to the changing nature of the environment we must interpret and act on. Within open systems it is common that certain departments and top managers overlook that they are part of this certain system in a way referred to as a “bubble,” where managers and departments segregate themselves within a self-referential culture. For example if an orginisation is not responsive to environmental changes or has a weak attention to new product prospects they would suffer deeply. The significance of an open systems have recently been emphasized due to the technological boom such as the e- business and internet allowing newer entrants into the global economy like Vietnam and a more diverse workforce embracing low wage labour through counties like China and

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Ba 303

...Maleki ah.maleki@rutgers.edu Description The field of organizational behavior (OB) is about understanding how people and groups in organizations behave, react, and interpret events. It also describes the role of organizational systems, structures, and processes in shaping behavior, and explains how organizations really work. Drawing from fields including management, anthropology, sociology, information technology, ethics, economics, and psychology, OB provides a foundation for the effective management of people in organizations. Because it explains how organizations work from individual motivation to team dynamics to organizational structure, knowing about OB is essential to being effective at all organizational levels. Because an organization’s people are responsible for gaining and keeping a competitive advantage, understanding how to mobilize and motivate employees is critical to organizational performance. Businesses excel when employees understand how their behaviors influence an organization’s performance and enable strategy execution, and when they are led effectively and are motivated to do their best. Competitors can often copy a firm’s technologies, products, processes, and structures, but it is difficult to duplicate a core of talented, knowledgeable, motivated employees who work together to achieve the firm’s goals and who care about their firm’s success. Understanding and practicing OB concepts is critical to understanding organizations and gives individuals, managers...

Words: 2960 - Pages: 12

Premium Essay

Kkswmddkmdkemwekdemkedmkdemkmdkmdkew

...MODERN DATABASE MANAGEMENT / JfFFREY A. HOFFER . Warehousing Success 426 Data Warehouse Architectures 428 Generic Two-Level Architecture 428 Independent Data Mart Data Warehousing Environment 426 429 C O NTENTS Dependent Data Mart and Operational Data Store Architecture: A Three-Level Approach Logical Data Mart and Real-Time Data Warehouse Architecture 432 Three-Layer Data Architecture 435 Role of the Enterprise Data Model 435 Role of Metadata 436 Some Characteristics of Data Warehouse Data Status Versus Event Data 437 Transient Versus Periodic Data 438 An Example of Transient and Periodic Data 438 Transient Data 438 Periodic Data 439 Other Data VVarehouse Changes 440 The Reconciled Data Layer 441 Characteristics of Data after ETL 441 The ETL Process 442 Extract 442 Cleanse 444 Load and Index 446 Data Transformation 447 Data Transformation Functions 448 Record-Level Functions 448 Field-Level Functions 449 More Complex Transformations 451 Tools to Support Data Reconciliation 451 Data Quality Tools 451 Data Conversion Tools 452 Data Cleansing Tools 452 Selecting Tools 452 The Derived Data Layer 452 Characteristics of Derived Data 452 The Star Schema 453 Fact Tables and Dimension Tables 453 Example Star Schema 454 Surrogate Key 455 Grain of Fact Table 456 Duration of the Database 456 Size of the Fact Table 457 Modeling Date and Time 458 Variations of the Star Schema 458 Multiple Fact Tables 458 Factless Fact Tables...

Words: 80097 - Pages: 321

Premium Essay

Do Language Mould the Way We Think

...Numbers 4 functions of management 19 10 managerial roles 21 8 attributes of performance excellence 49 5 ingredients of learning org 50 21st century manager 51 2 dimensions of environmental uncertainty 91 4 absolutes of management for total quality control 94 4 steps in control process 202 4 criteria of a good performance obj 207 A Administrators 17 Agenda setting 23 Administrative principles (Henri Fayol) 37 Administrative principles (Mary Parker) 37,38 Argyris’s theory of adult personality 43 Autonomy and entrepreneurship (att of perform excel) 49 Agile manufacturing 95 Absence of prejudice and discrimination (Mul org) 100 Afirmative action (Mana diver) 104 Action orientation (Plan benefits) 193 Advantage oriented (Plan benefits) 193 After-action review (controlling) 201 Asset management (info + finan control) 203 Area structures 252 Authority (dele + empower) 263 Accountability (dele + empower) 263 Authority and responsibility principle (dele + empower) 263 Advisory authority (org) 265 B Belief in human capital 13 Bureaucratic organization (Max Weber) 38 Bias toward action (att of perform excel) 49 Biculturalism 103 Benefits of planning 193 Budget 197 Benchmarking 199 Best practices 199 Benefit of MBO 207 Break-even analysis 209 Benefits of functional structures 250 Boundaryless organizations 258 C Corporate governance 9 Careers 9 Critical skills...

Words: 1612 - Pages: 7

Premium Essay

Case1

...Key Learnings from OB-2 course (Submitted by Rajat Dhingra, Roll No 26, PGPM-PT April 2014 batch) An organisation consists of individuals and each person has an inherent need to understand it because much of each individual's time is spent working in or around an organisation. Organisation Behaviour plays an important role in the management of business. It is that field of study which finds out the impact that individuals, groups and structure have on behaviour within an organisation and it applies that knowledge to make organisations work more effectively. Organisations are open social systems and have complex structures. Companies use various structures such as- functional, divisional, matrix to achieve the flexibility that they require in terms of goals being met, faster decision making, adjust rapidly to the changing environment and reducing conflicts. There is no one size fits all approach and the structure is decided by various factors such as the environment, resources available, competitive position etc. We have also learnt about the role of business environment in influencing strategy of the company. To what extent strategy depends on the environment and how strategy shapes the structure. We have analysed the McKinsey 7s model which is a tool that analyzes firm’s organisational design by looking at 7 key internal elements: strategy, structure, systems, shared values, style, staff and skills, in order to identify if they are effectively aligned and allow organisation...

Words: 841 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Personality & Values

...Personality & Values Organizational Behavior By: Rajitha Fernando Personality • The sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others • Most often described in terms of measurable traits that a person exhibits, such as shy, aggressive, submissive, lazy, ambitious, loyal and timid. (Personality traits) 2 Jungian Personality Theory • Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung • Jung proposed four main functions of consciousness: 1. Two perceiving functions: Sensation and Intuition 2. Two judging functions: Thinking and Feeling 2 • Each of the functions are expressed primarily in either an introverted or extraverted form • From Jung's original concepts, Briggs and Myers developed their own theory of psychological type, described below, on which the MBTI is based. 3 Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) assessment is a psychometric questionnaire designed to measure psychological preferences in how people perceive the world and make decisions. Dichotomies Extraversion (E) – (I) Introversion Sensing (S) – (N) Intuition Thinking (T) – (F) Feeling Judging (J) – (P) Perception 4 Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)  Extroversion versus introversion • Extroverted individuals are outgoing, sociable, and assertive. Introverts are quiet and shy  Sensing versus intuition • Sensing types are practical and prefer routine and order. They focus on details. Intuitives rely on unconscious processes and...

Words: 1229 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Human Resource Managemnet

...HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ANSWERS TO UNIVERSITY QUESTION PAPERS (1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002) 1 INDEX HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ( H R M ) STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TEAM EFFECTIVENESS HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING ( H R P ) JOB ANALYSIS JOB DESCRIPTION JOB SPECIFICATIONS JOB EVALUATION JOB DESIGN DESIGNING JOBS – MOTIVATING JOBS JOB SATISFACTION WORK SAMPLING RECRUITMENT & SELECTION TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT INDUCTION & ORIENATION PERFORMANCE APPRAISALS INCENTIVES BASED COMPENSATION HUMAN RESOURCE AUDIT MOTIVATION THEORIES MORALE PERSONNEL POLICIES WORKERS’ PARTICIPATION IN MANAGEMENT UNIONS ORGANIZATIONAL DOWNSIZING MEANING OF ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ( H R M ) Definit io n 1 – Inte gr atio n “HRM is a series of integrated decisions that form the employment relationships; their quality contributes to the ability of the organizations and the employees to achieve their objectives.” Definit io n 2 – Influe ncing “HRM is concerned with the people dimensions in management. Since every organization is made up of people, acquiring their services, developing their skills, motivating them to higher levels of performance and ensuring that they continue to maintain their commitment to the organization are essential to achieving organizational objectives. This is true, regardless of the type of the organization – government, business, education, health, recreational, or social action.” 2 Definit io n 3 – Applica...

Words: 23503 - Pages: 95

Premium Essay

Org Behaviour

...Review for OB Chapter 1 1.Define Organizational Behaviour (OB) • the study of what people feel think and do in and around organizations • organizations: groups that work interdependantly towards a purpose. • must have structure 2.Explain the foundations of OB theory and knowledge and its research methods • OB is multidisciplinary relates to psychology, sociology, anythropology etc • Three units of analysis: individual, group, orginization • Research Methods : • field studies : real life organizations • case studies : in depth studies of situations • laboratory studies : in controlled environments • survey studies : questionnaires and interviews • meta-analysis : statistics 3.Describe the “systems approach”, the “contingency approach”, and the levels of analysis in understanding behaviour in organizations • Systems approach : • organizations depend upon the external environment • transform inputs into outputs efficiently and effectively • subsystems --> transformation process--> feedback • Contingency approach : OB involves complex relationships, it does not have right or wrong answers just makes hypotheses and uses consistencies to predict behaviour • Levels of Analysis • individual • task performance : goal directed behavior • organizational citizenship : helpfulness above job requirements • counterproductive work behaviours: potentially harms the...

Words: 2008 - Pages: 9

Free Essay

Presentation of Nuk

...Seminarska naloga INFORMATIKA »PREDSTAVITEV DIGITALNE KNJIŽNICE SLOVENIJE – d.Lib.si V OKVIRU NARODNE IN UNIVERZITETNE KNJIŽNICE« KAZALO KAZALO i 1. UVOD 1 2. PREDSTAVITEV NUK 1 3. RAZVOJ DIGITALNE KNJIŽNICE V SVETU IN DOMA 1 4. DOKUMENTI, KI OPREDELJUJEJO IN USMERJAJO RAZVOJ DIGITALNE KNIŽNJICE SLOVENIJE 2 5. AKTUALNO STANJE DIGITALNE KNIŽNJICE SLOVENIJE 3 5.1 Vsebina portala dLib.si 3 5.2 Tehnologija in standardi 4 5.3 Prednosti in pomanjkljivosti digitalne knjižnice Slovenije 5 5.3 Promocija (uporaba portala) digitalne knjižnice Slovenije 7 6. ZAKLJUČEK 8 7. LITERATURA IN VIRI 9 7.1 Literatura 9 7.2 Viri 9 1. UVOD Digitalna knjižnjica je eden izmed pomembnejših in predvsem nepogrešljivih atributov vsake države, saj s svojo ponudbo knjižničnega in drugega gradiva, omogoča vsem prebivalcem lažje in hitreje dostopno znanje. Pomembnosti digitalne knjižnjice se že nekaj časa zaveda tudi Narodna univerzitetna knjižnjica, ki svojo spletno ponudbo literature v digitalni knjižnjici Slovenije - d.Lib.si neprestano veča ter izpopolnjuje. Kot študenta, se tudi midva zavedava prednosti digitalne knjižnjice, predvsem pri zmanjšanju časa porabljenega za iskanje posamezne literature. Zato sva si kot temo seminarske naloge tudi izbrala predstavitev digitalne knjižnjice Slovenije - d.Lib.si v okviru katere prav v ta namen poteka tudi zbiranje visokošolskih del, katerih zbirka nastaja s projektom DIZZIS - Razvoj digitalne zbirke znanstveno-raziskovalnih...

Words: 3144 - Pages: 13

Premium Essay

Aaaa

...Fundamental Concepts of Organizational Behavior In every field of social science, or even physical science, has a philosophical foundation of basic concepts that guide its development. There are some certain philosophical concepts in organizational behavior also. The concepts are- Individual differences: Every individual in the world is different from others. This idea is supported by science. Each person is different from all others, probably in million ways, just as each persons DNA profile is different. The idea of individual difference comes originally from psychology. From the day of birth, each person is unique, and individual experiences after birth tend to make people even more different. Perception: Peoples perceptions are also differ when they see an object. Two people can differently present a same object. And this is occurring for their experiences. A person always organizes and interprets what he sees according to his lifetime of experience and accumulated value. Employees also see work differently for differ in their personalities, needs, demographics factors, past experiences and social surrounding. A whole person: An employee's personal life is not detached from his working life. As an example, A women who attend the office at 8:30 AM is always anxious for her children's school time (if her children able to attend the school or not). As a result, its impact falls on her concentration that means her working life. For this reason, we cannot separate it...

Words: 4378 - Pages: 18

Premium Essay

Organizational Behavior

...organizational behavior (OB). 4. Show the value to OB of systematic study. 5. Identify the major behavioral science disciplines that contribute to OB. 6. Demonstrate why few absolutes apply to OB. 7. Identify the challenges and opportunities managers have in applying OB concepts. 8. Compare the three levels of analysis in this book’s OB model. Instructor Resources Instructors may wish to use the following resources when presenting this chapter. Learning Catalytics Questions: Instructor Directions and Follow-Up Organizational Behavior Concept | LC Question | Instructor Directions and Follow-Up | Management skills and managerial activities | Refer to the allocation of activities by time for average, successful, and effective managers. Prioritize how you spend your time as a college student. | This is a good discussion starter on managerial activities and what is important. First, make the connection for students between activities that managers spend their time on and similar activities that college students spend their time on. Next, display results from the class and compare with the Luthans results. For example: * Traditional management = making decisions, planning, and controlling school work and job * Communication = exchange of information * HRM = motivating self and others, conflict management on project teams and with roommate, etc. * Networking = interacting at career fairs, meeting other students at events, etc. | OB disciplines ...

Words: 18189 - Pages: 73

Premium Essay

Prejudice in Organization

...UVA-OB-0381 PREJUDICE IN ORGANIZATIONS The problems faced by women and minorities create a serious malfunction in corporate operations. Minorities and women have yet to be accepted as full members of corporate formal and informal networks. Until they are, not only do they suffer but so does the corporation. The utilization of minorities and women in many, many cases toward corporate effectiveness and efficiency continues to be seriously hampered by behaviors in crucial interpersonal relationships that reflect racist and sexist attitudes. - John Fernandez1 Although many would like to believe otherwise, prejudiced attitudes continue to present problems for millions of people in our society. Prejudices result in counter productive behavior such as demeaning humor, verbal abuse, harassment, violence, and more subtly (given comparable performance) lower pay, slower or non-existent promotions, systematic exclusion from various gatherings, greater scrutiny, higher standards, and awkward social encounters. Many groups labor with these realities in the work place: women, racial minorities, older workers, foreign nationals, sexual preference, religious and ethnic groups, and the physically handicapped all feel the sting of social prejudice. Prejudice is a problem that touches all aspects of life, but it has only recently been addressed openly in the work place. Prejudice lingers despite the fact that noticeable shifts in the composition of our work force have taken...

Words: 8580 - Pages: 35

Premium Essay

Organization Behavior

...definitions Chapter 1 A. Defining Organizational Behaviour Page 4 • A field of study that investigate the impact of individuals, groups, and structure on behaviour within organizations; its purpose is to apply such knowledge toward improving an organization’s effectiveness. B. Challenges in the Canadian Workplace Page 6 Challenges at the Individual Level 1. Individual Differences 2. Job Satisfaction 3. Motivation 4. Empowerment 5. Behaving Ethically Challenges at the Group Level 1. Working With Others 2. Workforce Diversity Challenges at the Organizational Level o Improving Customer Service o Stimulating Innovation and Change o The Use of Temporary (Contingent) Employees o Improving Quality and Productivity o Developing Effective Employees o Helping Employees with Work-Life Balance o Creating a Positive Work Environment o Responding to Globalization Chapter 2 A. Perception Page 38 What is Perception? • The process by which individuals organize and interpret their impressions to give meaning to their environment. Why is it important? • Because behaviour is based on perception of what reality is, not on reality itself. • The world as it is perceived is the world that is behaviourally important. Why we study perceptions? • To better understand how people make attributions about events. We don’t see reality. We interpret what we see and call it reality. The attribution process guides our behaviour...

Words: 2385 - Pages: 10

Free Essay

Final Ob Model

...TERM PAPER: ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR MODEL IN THE CONTEXT OF TELECOM SECTOR IN BANGLADESH March 20,2015 Rumana Afroze Senior Lecturer Management-251 Department of Business Administrations East West University Subject: Term Paper on” OB model in the context of Telecom sector in Bangladesh”. Dear Madam, It is an opportunity for us to submitting the report on “OB model in the context of telecom sector in Bangladesh” to you. We think that this is quite challenging for us in many aspects, but it was a good experience for us to learn something new which will help us to improve our skills. When we worked on this report we strictly followed on the topic and tried to give our best effort to collect all information. For making an excellent term paper we collect much information from books, journals, articles and internet. We are thankful to you for giving us the opportunity to do an assignment on this topic. This report gives us some new experience which will help us for our future life Truly yours, ______________________ Aftab Uddin Niloy Natasha Khan 2012-2-14-062 2013-1-13-010 Asma-ul-Husna(Sanju) Sharmin Alam 2013-1-10-024 2013-1-10-113 Md. Tanvir Ibn Aftab 2012-3-10-153 Address: Plot:A/2,Jahurul Islam City, Aftabnagar, East West...

Words: 6734 - Pages: 27

Free Essay

Notes for 3rd Year

...Frequency of documentation relies on: - physical/ mental status of the pt. - the type of care provided (self care v. intensive care) - requirements of health care agency - any legal or other obligations that the health record must meet ▪ Content of documentation needs to be: - relevant - appropriate - accurate - requirements will vary according to pt acuity - content may be guided by framework (assessment, intervention, response) ▪ Documentation framework: - assessment: conclusions reached utilising subjective and objective data - intervention: reflects the action taken - response: reflects the pt’s response to the intervention ▪ Example of using framework to case: Mrs Pat Martin, a 28y/o lady has been admitted overnight via Casualty accompanied by husband. She is 16 wks pregnant and has been diagnosed with appendicitis by Dr Chan. At the moment she is only experiencing mild pain and has a low grade fever of 37.7. IMI Pethidine 50mgs was given at 2am, and may be repeated PRN. Shes been added to the theatre list at 9.30am. She remains NMB and has IV normal saline running over 10hrs. IV Keflin QID commenced, is next due 12md. Her husband remains at bedside. It is now 630am and Mrs Martin is resting, however she has not had much sleep overnight. Her 6am vital signs are: BP: 120/80 Respirations: 16, Ward urinalysis shows no abnormalities Temp: 37.7. Pulse: 80 (reg). ASSESSMENT: - Mrs Martin aged 28 - new admission via casualty...

Words: 2190 - Pages: 9

Free Essay

College

...admission score data to estimate the sorting effect of information provision on school quality. We find evidence that the public ranking of universities significantly affects the decision of students and the outcome of university-student sorting. a b Corresponding author Tel.: +852-9722-3859 E-mail address: zli.economics@gmail.com Corresponding author Tel.: +1-917-9753195 E-mail address: cw1379@nyu.edu Catalogue 1. 2. Introduction.........................................................................................................................3 Admission System in China................................................................................................4 2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 3. An Introduction to the Admission System in China................................................... 4 Impacts of the Admission System in China ............................................................... 4 Admission System in China and Representative Anglophone Countries .................. 5 Estimation Method ..................................................................................................... 5 Measurement of Students’ Quality............................................................................. 6 Selection of College Ranking Reports ....................................................................... 7 Evaluation Method of the CEUSC...

Words: 12407 - Pages: 50