...Manchester United’ Supporters "Fandom" as a topic, is arguably one of the most indistinctive concepts of "fan culture". However, we will analyze online fan activity dedicated solely to the Manchester United football club and relate it to the different dimensions suggested by De Kloet & Van Zoonen. We selected this particular topic because we believe all the different dimensions of fan-culture can be applied to this specific fandom group. Studying the nature of Manchester United's fan culture should be crucial to a club. This is obviously due to the fact that fans define and greatly determine the perceptions of the football club. If this truly were the case, it is important to investigate how fans think and act. Some acts and accusations made by fans may give football a negative connotation if they [fans] are being labeled as hooligans. However, in the following paper we take a positive attitude on football fans and try to illustrate what makes them valuable for research. The outlet of fandom explored is an image found on Facebook where Manchester United fans flaunt a flag in favor of the so called "Red Army". The comments on the picture give enough content to analyze the football club's fandom in every dimension suggested by De Kloet & van Zoonen. To grasp a stronger sense of fandom within Manchester United, we will also include a typical supporters’ anthem, which is sung almost religiously every match the club encounters. Additionally, we will define and...
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...that made this event unique was that it was documented on Twitter” this would clearly indicate that there was a relationship between the fans knowledge of the current affair which was the hockey game and the Literary review-RQ- 1. Is there a relationship between social media use and KNOWLEDGE of current affairs? 2. What is the relationship between social media use and knowledge of stand your ground law? 3. What is the relationship between social media use and attitude toward stand your ground law? Methodology- In the text it is stated that Twitter is a fairly new medium within the sport communication scenery; a growing body of literature has examined its utilization among various user groups such as athletes. Sport-specific research regarding Twitter has largely focused on general usage trends, however, this particular event summarized a crisis event situation, where the framing and perception of the event and larger cultural frameworks could be examined on a digital medium. Variables were modified from Billings and Angelini’s...
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...Hacktivism, Freedom of Speech or Cyber Terrorism? Josh T. Diehl ITT-Tech Institute Abstract I will be doing my research paper on Hacktivism and looking into the subsector that is known as “Anonymous”. Hacktivism in itself is the use of computers and computer networks to promote political ends. To see this for what it truly can be, you must look at it with the understanding that it can be carried out under the same premise that proper (and skillful) use of technology can produce results similar to these of conventional acts of protest, activism, and civil disobedience. I plan on exploring whether it is freedom of speech or cyber terrorism, keeping an open mind when conducting my research will be the key to the integrity of this paper. I plan on researching online articles and post from credible sources. I will make set times while I am not at work to research and write this. Body First we need to look at what exactly is hacktivism and who practices it. Hacktivism in itself is defined as “The use of computers and computer networks to promote political ends, chiefly free speech, human rights, and information ethics. It is carried out under the premise that proper use of technology can produce results similar to those of conventional acts of protest, activism, and civil disobedience.” Certain groups such as Anonymous use this form (among others) as their way to speak out against what they see as injustice. We need to look closely, past the top layer of information, to...
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...MEDIA EDUCATION FOUNDATION STUDY GUIDE NO LOGO BRANDS, GLOBALIZATION, RESISTANCE WRITTEN BY JEREMY EARP & DANIELLE DEVEREAUX Challenging media CONTENTS NO LOGO BRANDS, GLOBALIZATION, RESISTANCE NOTE TO TEACHERS.............................................................................................................................................................................pg. 03 THE MEDIA LITERACY CIRCLE OF EMPOWERMENT....................................................................................................................04 OVERVIEW.........................................................................................................................................................................................................05 PRE-VIEWING EXERCISES..........................................................................................................................................................................06 INTRODUCTION Key Points..........................................................................................................................................................................................................07 Questions for Discussion & Writing.....................................................................................................................................................07 NO SPACE: BRANDED WORLD Key Points......................................................................................
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...Text and Learning Materials: 1) Monks, Robert A.G. and Nell Minow. Corporate Governance (5th Ed. ISBN 978-0-470-97259-5), Wiley-Blackwell, 2011 2) Yener, Demir. Corporate Governance Primer 3) Lecture notes on Corporate Governance by Dr. Yener. 4) Other cases and readings to be distributed through BlackBoard as required. (Please note: the latest edition of the textbook will be adopted if there is one available. Please check out our online bookstore for most updated textbook information http://bookstore.mbsdirect.net/jhu-carey.htm.). Please see other required and recommended readings in the class schedule. Blackboard Site A Blackboard course site is set up for this course. Each student is expected to check the site throughout the semester as Blackboard will be the primary venue for outside classroom communications between the instructors and the students. Students can access the course site at https://blackboard.jhu.edu. Support for Blackboard is available at 1-866-669-6138. Course Evaluation As a research and learning community, the Carey Business School is committed to continuous improvement. The faculty strongly encourages students to provide complete and honest feedback for this course. Please take this activity seriously because we depend on your feedback to help us improve so you and your colleagues will benefit. Information on how to complete the evaluation will be provided towards the end of the course. Disability Services...
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...600words) on a media research topic of your choice. A step-by-step guide for this assignment is below. Examples of Media Research Questions: Is movie marketing on the Web effective? Is a particular film based on a true story actually “true”? Does female body image in the media affect young kids? Does cyber-activism work? Should preschool aged children watch television? Was Edward R. Murrow the greatest journalist of all time? Is product placement in movies effective? Is illegal music downloading declining? 1. General Topic. Select your topic. Start with something general about the Mass Media and then narrow your idea. Think about all the areas and issues that have been/will be covered in this class. Select a topic you’d like to research further. Be sure you have a specific focus or point for your research. Don’t try to tell all there is to tell about some vague, general subject. Find an angle that’s fresh, interesting and worth a close-up look. The better your idea, the easier the assignment will come together for you. NOTE: Your topic must relate to an aspect of mass media. 2. Create Your Research Question. Visit the URL below to narrow your topic. https://www.library.unlv.edu/services/instruction/tutorials/topic_narrowing/ Once you’ve finished using this online tool, email your Research Question to your instructor Julie Roosa, jkroosa@dmacc.edu. The Course is JOU110. Deadline: Sunday, June 21, 11:59 p.m. Your Research Question must be...
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...Social Media and Political Revolution Project 3: Research Paper Steve Gubenia Professor: Robert Zornes CMST 301 Outline I. Introduction a. Rise of digital media in political upheaval II. Body b. Social Media i. Development 1. Facebook 2. Twitter 3. YouTube 4. Others but these are “big three” ii. Attraction to sites 5. Ease of use 6. Socio-economic barriers 7. Demographics of users c. Revolution before social media iii. Regime control of media iv. Medium used to get message out 8. Slow distribution took longer to organize v. Fall of Soviet Union d. History of social media in political revolution vi. 2001 Philippines vii. Ukraine 2004 to 2014 9. Original Orange Revolution 10. Oksana Makar incident 11. President Yanukovych being ousted viii. 2009 Moldova ix. 2009 Iran “Twitter Uprising” x. 2010 Tunisia xi. 2011 Egypt “Facebook Revolution” xii. Lebanon, Syria, Libya lack of internet e. Critics of social media revolution xiii. Arguments against social media making a difference 12. Social media platforms built around weak ties making ineffective 13. Twitter’s limitations xiv. Examples of activists failing 14. 2006 Belarus ...
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...UNIVERSITY OF CAPE COAST INSTITUTE FOR EDUCATIONAL PLANNING AND ADMINISTRATION M.ED. (ADMIN. IN HIGHER EDUCATION)-DISTANCE RESEARCH PAPER INEQUALITY IN ACCESSING HIGHER EDUCATION IN GHANA: THE CHALLENGES AND WAYFORWARD AKPLOME PRECIOUS INTRODUCTION Globally, education remains the fulcrum for the achievement of higher economic, social, technological standards and development. Education continues to receive wide attention amongst most developed nations’ governments and policy due to the remarkable contributions that it brings to the nation. In Africa even though there seems to be a concerted effort by various governments to improve on education at all levels, there is gender inequality in access to education at all levels of the academic ladder. Gender inequality in access to education continues to receive considerable attention worldwide and many developing counties. Ghana is no exception and the situation affects national development and also limits opportunities for women especially in enjoying higher job prospects in the country. At the 1990 World Conference on Education for All in Jomtien, Thailand, particular emphasis was placed on female education not only as a fundamental right, but also as an important means for economic and social development (UNESCO, 2003). Undeniably, education has been viewed by many as central to the achievement of greater equality in society, including between men and women. This notwithstanding, the lack of education has been...
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...International Conference on Communication, Media, Technology and Design ICCMTD 09-11 May 2012 Istanbul - Turkey “THE SOCIAL MEDIA AS A PUBLIC SPHERE: THE RISE OF SOCIAL OPPOSITION” Asst. Prof. Dr. A. Fulya ŞEN Fırat Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi - Gazetecilik Bölümü - Elazığ Abstract In The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, Habermas described the bourgeois public spheres of the 18th and 19th century in England, France, and Germany. These spheres arose as arenas of cultural critique often arising from reading societies that focused on novels and the like. Cultural critique became political critique as these groups turned to issues of public concern fighting policies of censorship and for freedom of opinion. The public sphere is in the work of Jürgen Habermas conceived as a neutral social space for critical debate among private persons who gather to discuss matters of common concern in a free and rational way. This public sphere is open and accessed for public. Habermas pointed out that media has contributed to the decay of the rational-critical discourse and causing the decline of the public sphere. Political public spheres include social movements, media that monitor and criticize the state, and groups that take political action. In recent times have seen an explosion of debate, blogging, theorising and hype around the role of the internet in today’s social movements. Social media -internet applications such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube which facilitate...
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...Responsible Business Pressure Groups-F.O.E. | Pressure Groups | 1. Introduction Like a mantra, so has responsible business been for the current generation. There are many interpretations of the different underpinning concepts but, with contested definitions. Externally pressure groups seek to pressure the government and business to pursue sustainable policies and practises. The government have a role to ensure societal expectations of business are met. Thus, section two shall review various interpretations of responsible business. Section three shall outline and evaluate the issues surrounding pressure groups, whilst section four shall evaluate the role of government as an enabler and barrier. To achieve these, academic, government and expert materials shall be cited. 2. Copious studies (Carroll 1999; Kerlin 2006; Elkington 1997) have attempted to explain what constitutes ‘Responsible Business’ (RB) through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Sustainable Business (SB), Corporate Responsibility (CR), and Social Enterprise (SE). To have an overview of RB, it is necessary to define the term responsible. And also, answer questions such as to whom, for what is business responsible and how are those responsibilities defined. Argandona and Hoivik (2009; 12) defined ‘responsible’ “as being accountable” i.e. assuming an obligation to care. Friedman (1970) argued that business...
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...The title of my research paper will be Modern racism. I choose this topic because of as an American that was born in Africa it is always something that has been an interest to me. I came to America around the age of seven. I was young, and coming from Nigeria we were not taught anything about racism. My views on racism in America didn't really come from studying the history of slavery and civil rights in America, but rather from personal experiences I went through. In elementary school even though I was taught the history of African American I never really understood the impact of slavery. I merely took what I was taught as part of the curriculum, which I needed to pass a test. I never really absorbed much from learning. Most of the racist...
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...“The Facebook Revolution”: Social Networking Sites and the correlation with The January 25 Revolution. 1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Information and communication technology increasing with the growing variety of Internet based applications. This new media is not only "library information" to facilitate the dissemination of information to a universal audience, but even more than that. This media is also a powerful tool for communication activities. Furthermore, with Web 2.0 technology, design and use of the Internet has changed much work to do with this new media that Levinson (2009) call this "new new media"- more new than the new media- which shows variances against the classic new media such as e-mail and websites. This media is not merely a tool to facilitate distribution, archiving and text-based, but has become a tool for social media who have the capability delivering media content and providing interaction facilities between readers and writers. Andreas Kaplan and Michael Haenlein (2010) define social media as "a group of Internet-based applications that build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0 and that allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content (photos, videos, links, etc.)." In addition, it is also one of the latest communication channels that enable dissemination and sharing of information can be done quickly and widely through the new media. Undeniably, the year 2008 is seen as...
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...determination, the general price level, interest rates, unemployment, and fiscal and monetary policies. The emphasis will be on genuine understanding of the material, and not on "memorization". (See last page of Syllabus for Course Learning Objectives.) Course Withdrawal Date and Policy: Last day to withdraw without academic penalty is Monday 03/03/2014. Students who wish to withdraw with a grade "W" must do so formally through the Registrar's Office on or before Monday 03/03/2014. Make-Up Exam Policy: No make-up exams will be administered during the semester. It is the student’s responsibility to check the course calendar and announcements in D2L. Attendance Policy: Attendance in online classes is determined not by physical attendance, but by your participation. Class success and enjoyment depends on your interaction online, including reading all materials and being alert for announcements. You are expected to check the VISTA course every week. Posts made to the Class Café by your professor are required reading, and may contain...
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...The Search for an Ecology Paper Topic In the search for a paper topic that relates to Ecology, many possibilities emerged, including, of course, the popular Global Warming and Tropical Rainforest topics, but I wanted something different. Soon it was obvious there is confusion as to what Ecology really is. As our text, “Biology: A Guide to the Natural World,” points out, we should assume that many ecologists are environmentalists, but these are two very different professions. Enter “ecology” in the Google search engine, 739,000 topics related to ecology will appear! Clicking on many of these links will direct you to a Website featuring some “environmental” or “conservation” topic, not an “Ecology” topic. Many people assume that ecology and environmental conservation are one in the same and many of the Websites confirm this assumption. Ecology.com combines both ecological and environmental news and articles which only adds to the confusion; one would think a Website with this title would be an “official” Website featuring only factual information; not so, just as many other “official” sounding titles are not “official” websites! In fact, there are many college educated people, my son for example, with this same mind set. The confusion can be blamed on the media hype over the environmental movement. Not many years ago “go green” brought images of tractors, farm equipment, lawn mowers and the words “John Deere,” but today “go green” has a whole new meaning. It seems the word “green...
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...having on the world at large can be felt at every level of society: from education to social activism, communication technology is making it possible for anyone anywhere in the world to make an impact. While technology has brought about great change and made the seemingly impossible possible; the role that technology plays in society has its detractors. Humanity does not always accept the novel. Change is always greeted with suspicion and society can be slow to shift its paradigm. Today, no one can deny the power of having a literate society. Literacy rates are at an all-time global high. Any student who went to school in the 20th century studied using tomes of paper bound together in the relic known as textbooks. Textbooks were not handwritten, as was the norm prior to the invention of the printing press. Rather, they were mass-produced so that anyone in the school system could have access to educational materials. Mass-produced printed material has allowed society to become more literate, which in turn has helped the global economy. However, when the printing press was invented in the 15th century, it was not heralded as a hero. Rather, it has been credited with the dissolution of power held by the Catholic Church. (Dewar, 2000) Similar to how the printing press revolutionized the dissemination of information, online education is revolutionizing the way people learn. K-12 online learning began in the 1990s. A decade later, at least 14 states had planned or...
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