...“Dyslexia” Dyslexia is a disorder characterized by difficulty reading. Is a disorder that can NOT be cured, But it can be prevented and helped by a treatment. I am writing about dyslexia to know how dyslexia occurs, how it can be prevented, and why does it occur. Dyslexia, was first dicovered by a German ophthalmologist, Rudolf Berlin, when he examined a patient who had difficulty in learning to read and write, but showed normal intelligence and physical ability. Others described this same phenomenon around this time period, in the 1880s and 1890s, without using the “dyslexia” description. A British ophthalmologist, James Hinshelwood published a series of medical papers on the subject. In 1925, neurologist Samuel T. Orton had a...
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...Tay-Sach’s Disease is an autosomal recessive disorder that is fatal within the first two or three years of life. Although this disease can affect anyone at any age, it is most common in children. This disease is unable to produce an enzyme called hexosaminidase-A (Hex-A) that is necessary for fat metabolism in the nerve cells. The more this happens, the more progressive damage occurs to the cell. When the lipids or fats build up in the brain’s nerve cells, it leads to a slow degeneration of the cells of the nervous system, thus bringing decay of the cerebellum. Tay-Sach’s disease was named after Warren Tay and Bernard Sachs, these were two doctors who worked independently. In 1881, Dr. Tay, an ophthalmologist, described a patient with a cherry...
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...In this paper I will be focusing on the medical field and discussing different types of tools that a medical assistant uses in a physician’s office. Usually the kind of technology used in this filed are needles and tubes, EKG machines, weight scales, computers, telephones, blood pressure monitors and otoscopes. The five specific technology tools I will be discussing are otoscopes, stethoscopes, mayo stand, blood pressure monitors and a retinoscope. An otoscope is a tool with lenses and a light used for visual examination of the eardrum and the passage of the outer ear. The otoscope can come in various sizes and even digital. This tool allows doctors to look into the ear for infections or wax build-up or a puncture or rupture of the eardrum. The price for purchasing an otoscope ranges from $25 to $105. You do not have to be certified to use this tool....
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...study found that people with pre-diabetes decreased their risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes, through reduced fat and calorie intake, increased physical activity, and loss of 5-7% of body weight (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017). Therefore, patients should be taught the importance of following a strict diabetic diet and losing weight. In addition, research has shown that behavioral modifications are more effective than medicinal measures. For instance, healthcare providers can prescribe metformin to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes as well. However, metformin reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes less dramatically than behavioral modifications (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases,...
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...Harvard Business School 9-596-087 Rev. February 1, 1999 Vistakon: 1 Day Acuvue Disposable Contact Lenses “Well Gary, what do you think?,” asked Bernard Walsh former CEO of Vistakon and current Company group chairman of Vistakon’s parent company Johnson & Johnson (J&J). Bernie Walsh had been president of Vistakon from 1987 to 1993. During his tenure, Vistakon had grown from a specialty manufacturer with $20 million in annual sales to a market leader in the contact lens industry with over $250 million in annual sales. Gary Kunkle had succeeded Walsh in 1993 and the two were meeting in early 1995 to review the performance of 1 Day Acuvue contact lenses in the western regional rollout. The world’s first daily disposable contact lens, 1 Day Acuvue was designed to be worn for one day and then discarded. A national launch decision needed to be made, but based on the test market and the western regional results, there were lingering concerns regarding product positioning, pricing, promotion, advertising and trade support. Vistakon was an autonomous and highly entrepreneurial division in J&J’s renowned decentralized organization, and Gary Kunkle knew the decision was his to make. However, he also knew that J&J expected product excellence and market success. As Kunkle considered his options, he recalled a remark made by Walsh, We need to be careful that we don’t allow our past success to undermine our future growth. Big companies tend to be too cautious. Now that...
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...rectifying the mistakes that crept up from time to time during the completion of this venture. I also extend my whole hearted gratitude to my guide Mrs.Shally K who was always ready to help me with ideas and helped me a lot in rectifying the mistakes. I would also like to thank my friends and last but not the least the staff of ECE department for their whole hearted support and encourgement. REFERENCES [1] Behdad Dashtbozorg, Ana Maria Mendonca; ”An Automatic Graph-Based Approach for Artery/Vein Classification in Retinal Images”; IEEE Transactions on image Processing, Vol. 23, No. 3, March 2014 [2] L.R.Sudha , S.Thripurasundari,”Analysis and Detection of Haemorrhages and exudates in retinal images”;International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 4, Issue 3, March 2014 [3] Qiangfeng Peter Lau, Mong Li Lee, Wynne Hsu, and Tien Yin Wong, ”Simultaneously Identifying All True Vessels From Segmented Retinal Images”, IEEE Transactions On Biomedical Engineering, Vol. 60, No. 7, July 2013 [4] Balint Antal and Andras Hajdu ,”An Ensemble-Based System for Mi-croaneurysm Detection and Diabetic Retinopathy Grading”; IEEE Trans-actions on biomedical engineering ,Vol. 59,...
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...Business Research Applications Paper RES/320 Research is used in every profession. Whether it is used to take a consensus for interest in juice bar flavors, or to isolate the blood type required for a successful transfusion, it is how all necessary questions get the appropriate and most accurate answers. I work for an organization that provides medical care. Specifically, I work for an ophthalmic clinic and surgical center. Our physician specializes in ocular diseases and refractive correction. Ocular, meaning eyes, is our specialty. Research has been used in this business by almost every person, at all times. From the initial purchase of facilities, to the expansion of facilities, to the care, diagnosis, and treatment of the patients, research is a vital part of our sustainability. Research is a key factor aiding in the physicians ability to diagnose and treat patients. However, additional consideration may need to be taken into account when providing care. When my family first had the idea to start this business, we had no idea where to begin. It was important to do some market research of our own. My father, who would be the physician, had been practicing medicine for years. However, he was no more than a shareholder in the practices he was employed by. He had never started his own practice. However, he knew from experience what type of facility he wanted to work out of and what type of diagnostic equipment would be required. My mother, who would be the CEO, was using...
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...(optional) Please briefly elaborate on one of your extracurricular activities or work experiences. (250) Shortly after I moved to the United States, I enrolled in an origami class. The art of paper folding was familiar to me but also difficult to master. I remember my struggles to keep up with the class and worries that I wouldn’t make any progress. Squash-folds and folding diagonal halves were steps that I had a very hard time doing. I often fell behind in class, or someone would help me with the step. My fear of my inadequate skills followed me home. When I came home from school, I practiced on my own, sometimes asking my mom for guidance, but often, working for hours on end alone. Gradually, my folds became more precise and I deeply enjoyed the process of transforming paper into art. As vice president of the origami club, I teach members these techniques in hopes to impart my appreciation for origami. The weeks before the Origami USA...
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...Albinism Albinism is a congenital disorder where there is a complete or partial absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes because of the absence or defect in the enzyme that produces melanin. Melanin is responsible for pigment in plants, animals, and protists. Albinism in man has been described by many Greek and Roman writers, and the first accurate scientific paper about it was written in 1908 by Sir Archibald Garrod. Most people only think of humans in the case of albinism, but in reality, it affects humans as well as plants and animals. In plants, Albinism is the total or partial absence of chlorophyll. Because there is an inadequate amount of chlorophyll, photosynthesis is impaired. As a result, plants with albinism usually die at a young age. According to scientific authors Maya Kumari, Heather J. Clarke, Ian Small, and Kadambot H. M. Siddique, some environmental conditions like temperature, light, media composition, and culture conditions can play a role in determining the frequency of albino plant formation. Although environmental factors can sometimes play a role, genetic factors are the main determinants. Genetic studies in different crops show that it is a recessive trait governed by many loci. Because nuclear as well as chloroplast genomes affect albinism, incompatibilities between them is a likely cause of pigment defects in hybrid progenies (Kumari). In angiosperms large amounts of these incompatibilities are found. Unfortunately, there is no solution...
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...Career Research Paper I have designed this assignment as a step by step guide to walk my students through the research process. Of course, you may adjust it as you feel is necessary according to the level of students you are working with. This project explains in detail everything they need to research, as well as, giving them real world insight into what to expect in a career in terms of education, job duties and responsibilities and income. I begin by having them take a reality check quiz on the Jump Start Coalition website. This little quiz helps them determine how much money they will need to earn in order to live the lifestyle they would like to have. This income amount in turn helps open their eyes to the type of job necessary to achieve that income and what amount of education is involved. It was a real wake up call for many of my students. In this package I have also included a grading rubric for the project and a list of possible career choices for their assignment. Student Instructions You will be writing a research paper on a career chosen from the attached list. Think carefully about which career you chose to research. Read through these directions and the requirements for this assignment BEFORE making your choice. Materials needed for this project - ---note cards (preferably 3x5 lined) ---folder with pockets to keep all research materials in ---access to internet and reference books A. Take reality check quiz at http://www.jumpstartcoalition...
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...Diabetes- Potential Effects as a Chronic Process Diabetes-Potential Effects as a Chronic Process Diabetes is a serious problem in the United States. It is a disease where blood glucose levels are above normal. There are two types of diabetes, Type 1 diabetes (juvenile onset diabetes) and Type 2 diabetes (adult onset diabetes). Both types of diabetes exhibit similar symptoms or no symptoms at all. In this paper, we report the incidence of diabetes, typical signs and effect diabetes has on the body, teaching requirements and psycho-social challenges that go along with the disease. Diabetes mellitus affects about 17 million people, 5.9 million are undiagnosed. In the United States, approximately 800,000 new cases of diabetes are diagnosed yearly (Bare, 2006). Among working adults diabetes is the leading cause of non-traumatic amputations, blindness and end-stage renal disease. Diabetes is the third leading cause of death by disease, primarily because of the high rate of cardiovascular disease (Bare, 2006). Hospitalization rates for people with diabetes are 2.4 times greater for adults and 5.3 times greater for children than for the general population. Among adults in the United States, diagnosed cases of diabetes increased 49% from 1990 to 2000, and similar increases are expected to continue (Bare, 2006). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 5% to 10% of people with diabetes have type 1, which the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells...
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...Tay-Sachs Disease Tay-Sachs Disease is a neurological disorder that is passed on from parent to child in the same way that other genetic traits are passed on. The first section of this paper, on pathophysiology, will go into this subject further. It will explain not only how the trait for this disease is passed from generation to generation, but also the specific mutations that cause it. This section will explore the trait that is expressed when the gene is turned on, how it effects cell metabolism, and in turn, the disorder that is caused in the body as a result. The second section will describe the clinical manifestation of the disease. It will cover what is typical in a patient with the disease, initial and continuing symptomology, and unfortunately, the cause of death in most people who have the disease. Lastly, the final section will reveal the medical management of the disease. Tay-Sachs has caused so much suffering, but with the advances made in genetic technology, and a little luck, the current generation of researchers are hoping to change that (Wise, 2012). Pathophysiology Tay-Sachs disease results from a number of different mutations on the fifteenth chromosome. When the gene functions correctly, it results in an enzyme called hexosaminodase. This enzyme breaks down molecules in the body called gangliosides. Without the proper enzyme to break these molecules down, they build up in what are called ganglion cells. These cells then swell keeping the neurons fro functioning...
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...State of Advance Practice Paper There are many definitions of advanced practice nursing. Nursing’s Scope and Standards of Practice (ANA, 2014) defines APNs as having advanced specialized clinical knowledge and skills through master’s or doctoral education that prepares them for specialization, expansion, and advancement of practice. Specialization is concentrating or limiting one’s focus to part of the whole field of nursing. Expansion refers to the acquisition of new practice knowledge and skills, including knowledge and skills legitimizing role autonomy within areas of practice that overlap traditional boundaries of medical practice. Advancement involves both specialization and expansion and is characterized by the integration of theoretical, research-based, and practical knowledge that occurs as part of graduate education in nursing. APN is an umbrella term for the four roles mentioned earlier: clinical nurse specialist (CNS), certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA), certified nurse-midwife (CNM), and nurse practitioner (NP) (Sheer, & Wong, 2008). Each role is distinguishable from the others, but in some respects they overlap. This APN definition encompasses nurses engaged in clinical practice; it does not include nurses with advanced preparation for administration, education, or research (ANA, 2014). Only recently has the expectation arisen that APNs should receive their education within master’s or doctoral nursing programs. Although CNSs have always required master’s...
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...The Electronic Health Record (EHR) is a electronic record of patient health information generated by one or more encounters in any care delivery setting. Included in this information are patient demographics, progress notes, problems, medications, vital signs, past medical history, immunizations, laboratory data and radiology reports. The EHR automates and streamlines the clinician's workflow. The EHR has the ability to generate a complete record of a clinical patient encounter as well as supporting other care-related activities directly or indirectly including evidence-based decision support, quality management, and outcomes reporting. A government-sponsored survey of the use of computerized patient records by doctors points to two seemingly contradictory conclusions, and a health care system at odds with itself. Skip to next paragraph A government-sponsored survey of the use of computerized patient records by doctors points to two seemingly contradictory conclusions, and a health care system at odds with itself. The report, published online on Wednesday in The New England Journal of Medicine, found that doctors who use electronic health records say overwhelmingly that such records have helped improve the quality and timeliness of care. Yet fewer than one in five of the nation’s doctors has started using such records. Bringing patient records into the computer age, experts say, is crucial to improving care, reducing errors and containing costs in the American health care...
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...José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda [1] (June 19, 1861 – December 30, 1896, Bagumbayan), was aFilipino polymath, patriot and the most prominent advocate for reform in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial era. He is regarded as the foremost Filipino patriot and is listed as one of the national heroes of the Philippines by National Heroes Committee.[2] His execution by the Spanish in 1896, a date marked annually as Rizal Day, a Philippine national holiday, was one of the causes of the Philippine Revolution. Rizal was born to a rich family in Calamba, Laguna and was the seventh of eleven children. He attended the Ateneo Municipal de Manila, earning a Bachelor of Arts, and enrolled in medicine at the University of Santo Tomas. He continued his studies at the Universidad Central de Madrid in Madrid, Spain, earning the degree of Licentiate in Medicine. He also attended the University of Paris and earned a second doctorate at the University of Heidelberg. Rizal was a polyglot conversant in twenty-two languages.[3][4][5][6] He was a prolific poet, essayist, diarist, correspondent, and novelist whose most famous works were his two novels, Noli me Tangere and El filibusterismo.[7]These social commentaries on Spanish rule formed the nucleus of literature that inspired peaceful reformists and armed revolutionaries alike. As a political figure, José Rizal was the founder of La Liga Filipina, a civic organization that subsequently gave birth to the Katipunan[8] led by Andrés...
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