...and different between Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) and Optical Character Recognition (OCR) : MICR and OCR are technologies increasingly being used in businesses these days. While OCR is Optical Character recognition. OCR is the recognition of printed or written text characters by a computer. It is the application software that allows a computer to recognize printed or written characters, e.g. letters, numbers, punctuation marks, and pictograms using an optical scanner for input. OCR is being used by libraries to digitize and preserve their holdings. MICR stands for Magnetic Ink Character recognition. It used primarily by the banking industry to facilitate the processing of cheques. The human readable characters are printed on documents using a magnetic ink. It stands for Magnetic Ink Character Recognition. Though these techniques have similarities and specific uses that differentiate between these two technologies. MICR MICR or My-ker as it is popularly known as is used in the banking industry in many countries of the world to ensure authenticity of a check or a demand draft using simple and inexpensive machines. The bottom line on these MICR checks is printed using a special magnetic ink. It is this ink that allows the information written on the check to be authenticated through machines. This facilitates processing of a huge number of checks in a single day which is otherwise very tedious. MICR typeface has only 14 characters in it including 0-9 and four special...
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...Learning and Computing, Vol. 2, No. 3, June 2012 A Survey of OCR Applications Amarjot Singh, Ketan Bacchuwar, and Akshay Bhasin Abstract—Optical Character Recognition or OCR is the electronic translation of handwritten, typewritten or printed text into machine translated images. It is widely used to recognize and search text from electronic documents or to publish the text on a website. The paper presents a survey of applications of OCR in different fields and further presents the experimentation for three important applications such as Captcha, Institutional Repository and Optical Music Character Recognition. We make use of an enhanced image segmentation algorithm based on histogram equalization using genetic algorithms for optical character recognition. The paper will act as a good literature survey for researchers starting to work in the field of optical character recognition. Index Terms— Genetic algorithm, bimodal images, Captcha, institutional repositories and digital libraries, optical music recognition, optical character recognition. I. INTRODUCTION Highlight in 1950’s [1], applied throughout the spectrum of industries resulting into revolutionizing the document management process. Optical Character Recognition or OCR has enabled scanned documents to become more than just image files, turning into fully searchable documents with text content recognized by computers. Optical Character Recognition extracts the relevant information and automatically enters it into...
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...DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING Optical Character Recognition (OCR) using binary image processing with MATLAB Abstract- Nowadays, Optical Recognition is becoming a very important tool in several fields: medicine, physics, cosmology, traffic (plate numbers), etc. We can also use this to recognize character for example to digitalize a book. We will talk about this last topic in this report: Optical Character Recognition (OCR). I. INTRODUCTION Once we have the b&w image we can start the segmentation process. To do that we can use the function “bwconncomp”. This function returns us a struct from where we can obtain the characters because it gives us all the connected components. Thus, we can use it to get all the character even if they have 2 or 3 objects. This function returns us the pixels of the connected components (characters) but we have to figure out from those, the coordinates of the character in the original matrix (row and columns). To do this, we will obtain the centroid of every connected component and from it and using the first and last pixel detected of the connect component, we can figure out the exact coordinates of the image. The idea is as follows: Firstly, we can to convert the number that the function returns us to a column and a row. We can do this using the total rows of the original image. Once we have the first and last pixel detected of the connect component in (row, column) we can figure out directly the x-coordinates of the character in the image. Then using...
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...A CAPTCHA Implementation Based on 3D Animation Abstract—In order to distinguish between human users and computer programs, CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Human Apart) mechanism is widely applied in websites such as accounts application website. While the major implementation of CAPTCHA method—2D still image verification code based on OCR technology is threatened by developing artificial intelligence and image recognition technologies. In this paper, we propose a new approach to implement CAPTCHA mechanism based on 3D Animation, utilizing the weakness of computer vision, which make it robust to computer attacks and convenient for users to recognize, and implemented this method to generate a 3D animation verification code. Keywords-CAPTCHA;VerificationCode;Moving Three-dimensional Animation I. Figure 1. objects; INTRODUCTION Internet is crucial to each respect of life all over the globe nowadays, through which we could retrieve and exchange information freely and efficiently. Given the fundamental relation between internet and people’ s life, vast malicious computer programs attack websites for profits, such as auto application for some mails’ accounts to send junk e-mails, etc. CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Human Apart) system emerges to solve this problem by identifying end-users of internet whether a real person or an automated computer program[1][2][3]...
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...and select a document preset or Custom Scan. You’ll be prompted after each page is scanned. To scan another page, select Scan More Pages, and click OK. When you’re finished, click Scan Is Complete, and click OK. 2. Optimize a scanned PDF file. Sometimes scanned PDF files contain more data than you need. To optimize a scanned PDF file, removing unnecessary data and reducing the file size, choose View > Tools > Document Processing, then choose Optimize Scanned PDF from the Tools Pane. Select the options that make sense for your document, and click OK. Tip: Confused about the optimization options? They’re described in detail in Acrobat Help. 3. Make text in the scanned PDF file searchable. Unless you selected an OCR (optical character recognition) option when you scanned, the document is originally an image of a page. To make the text searchable, Check the box for "Make Searchable...
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...NT1110: LATEST TRENDS ON INPUT/OUTPUT DEVICE MODULE 2 Input/output is generally known as I/O in the IT field. Input/output device is the communication between an information system and another. Input serves as sending data into the computer’s CPU, while output devices send data outwards to the users. It provides man to machine communication. Some input devices could be highlighted as follows: * Keyboard: Originated from typewriter. Keyboard is the most common and very popular input device which helps in inputting data to the computer. It serves as the gateway of control for the computer and also allow the user to manipulate and dictate tasks---ranging from surfing the Internet to writing documents. Keyboard also allows to input letters, numbers, and other symbols into a computer that often function as commands. The layout of the keyboard is like that of traditional typewriter, although there are some additional keys provided for performing additional functions. There are two types of keyboard, which are the QWERTY and Dvora layouts. Keyboards are also of two sizes 84 keys or 101/102 keys, but now keyboards with 104 keys or 108 keys are also available for Windows and Internet. Keyboard is used in the input phase of a computer-based information system. * Mouse: Mouse is most popular pointing device. It is a very famous cursor-control device having a small palm size box with...
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...Innovative Technology (IJEIT) Volume 2, Issue 7, January 2013 Recognition for Handwritten English Letters: A Review Nisha Sharma, Tushar Patnaik, Bhupendra Kumar Abstract -- Character recognition is one of the most interesting and challenging research areas in the field of Image processing. English character recognition has been extensively studied in the last half century. Nowadays different methodologies are in widespread use for character recognition. Document verification, digital library, reading bank deposit slips, reading postal addresses, extracting information from cheques, data entry, applications for credit cards, health insurance, loans, tax forms etc. are application areas of digital document processing. This paper gives an overview of research work carried out for recognition of hand written English letters. In Hand written text there is no constraint on the writing style. Hand written letters are difficult to recognize due to diverse human handwriting style, variation in angle, size and shape of letters. Various approaches of hand written character recognition are discussed here along with their performance. Fig 1.Major Steps of an OCR System Index Terms— Offline Hand written Character Recognition, Pre-Processing, Feature Extraction, Classification, Post Processing. I. INTRODUCTION Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is one of the most fascinating and challenging areas of pattern recognition with various practical applications. It can contribute immensely...
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...To: Kristine Smith (Human Resources Manager) From: Joyce Holt (IT Manager) Date: June 1, 2014 Subject: Proposal for Online Résumés and possible upgrade to Electronic Résumés Kristine as per your memo to me about the mounts of paperwork your department wade through and the frustration you employee face reading the many résumés. This letter is to proposal a solution to the amount of paperwork in the hiring process at Memorial Hospital. The problem is the many résumés your department must store, and the employee must read to find the most qualify applicants for the position. I present a two part solution to this problem the first part of the solution, which is a quick fix the will help with the amount of paperwork your employees must read. Online Résumés: a résumé an individual submit to online résumé databanks, such as www.AMNhealthcare.com, www.rxrecruiters.com, or www.recruitersonline.com. Online résumés databanks are a temporary fix to this problem offering the needed qualify applicants for a specific job decreasing the number of résumés your employees must read to find the right persons for the position. Websites that host job boards and resume banks are in the business of making information about available jobs and job searchers accessible with relative ease and little cost (Brencic, 2014). In this regard, the websites’ potential to improve the workings of the labor market is considerable (Brencic, 2014); the websites can shorten the time that it takes to end the search...
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...questionnaire would be a keyboard for its accuracy therefore, avoiding ineligible handwriting and also questionnaires consist of basic characters, mostly letters and numbers. For phone surveys two methods can be employed, a voice recognition device or/and keypad which allows the surveyor to use a recording with this device allowing for less use of man labor, making it far more cost effective, accurate and faster. The voice recognition software stores the information directly into a computer hard disk. This approach assures accuracy by eliminating the potential for human recording errors. Translation errors may occur however, if the voice recognition software is not adjusted for the speech of the interviewees. When using this method of data input we should always keep in mind that some people only respond to live operators. As for bank checks the most accurate method is the MICR, Magnetic Ink Character Recognition, developed by the bank industry. “Data is placed on the bottom of a check or other form using a special magnetic ink. Data printed with this ink using a special character set can be read by both people and computers” (Stair, R. & Reynolds, W.G., 2006, p.37). For retail tags it would be the barcode scanner uses a laser to read the barcode label accurately. Long documents should be inputted into a computer using OCR, Optical Character Recognition, which scan handwriting and typed documents converting them into digital data. Output is another important part in computer information...
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... Lecturer: Deepak Gautam Email: gautamd@wolverhamptoncollege.ac.uk Room: 120, Wulfrun Campus Telephone: 01902 821133 Overview of Data Capture The process of collecting data in a form suitable for use in an information system is termed data capture. For example, before an electricity board can charge a customer for the use of electricity, the customer’s meter must be read and recorded, or captured, on a suitable form. The data must then be transferred into the computer system by means of an input device appropriate to the method of data capture. Sometimes the data capture form is directly readable by an input device, as, for example, in the case of mark sensitive forms which can be read by optical mark readers (OMRs). On other occasions, the data on the form must be first transferred to a suitable medium by a data entry person using a key-to-storage device. Sometimes the data to be captured is pre-recorded on an item to be sold, as with bar codes, so that a data recording form is not required at all, but in many instances, some sort of data capture form is required. The design of such forms is of great importance, since the clearer and more concise the form, the less chance there is of inaccurate data being recorded. Frequently it is necessary to use questionnaires or observation sheets to collect data for statistical purposes, and again the quality of the design of these data capture forms is of great importance. System...
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...In 1965, Intel co-founder Gordon E. Moore suggested that theoretical computing power would double every two years; this 40 year old prediction is colloquially referred to as “Moore’s Law” and has yet to be disproven. With the raw computing power at their disposal effectively doubling every year, hardware and software makers are free to make some interesting contributions to the paperless office. An additional benefit of this technology explosion is a reduction in costs: the more time spent producing these technologies, the more efficiency that can be realized, hence the cost is driven down. Two technologies stand out as being the most influential on the paperless office: storage and optical character recognition (OCR). OCR has improved vastly over the last decade, approaching the point where it is a viable business technology. Storage technology is obviously crucial to the paperless office – after all, every document has to be stored somewhere whether in a file cabinet or a CD-ROM. Here, too, Moore’s law is at work, doubling the amount of storage in the same physical space roughly every two years. A key stumbling block for the truly paperless office has yet to be fully overcome: technology is not infallible. Even the most well-designed computer system will occasionally experience service outages. Paper, on the other hand, is concrete. Paper does not require electricity and is easily shared or copied. There is also a psychological advantage to paper, in that it is a...
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...ABBYY FineReader ® Version 12 User‘s Guide © 2013 ABBYY Production LLC. All rights reserved. ABBYY FineReader 12 User‘s Guide Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not bear any commitment on the part of ABBYY. The software described in this document is supplied under a license agreement. The software may only be used or copied in strict accordance with the terms of the agreement. It is a breach of the "On legal protection of software and databases" law of the Russian Federation and of international law to copy the software onto any medium unless specifically allowed in the license agreement or nondisclosure agreements. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any from or by any means, electronic or other, for any purpose, without the express written permission of ABBYY. © 2013 ABBYY Production LLC. All rights reserved. ABBYY, ABBYY FineReader, ADRT are either registered trademarks or trademarks of ABBYY Software Ltd. © 1984-2008 Adobe Systems Incorporated and its licensors. All rights reserved. Protected by U.S. Patents 5,929,866; 5,943,063; 6,289,364; 6,563,502; 6,185,684; 6,205,549; 6,639,593; 7,213,269; 7,246,748; 7,272,628; 7,278,168; 7,343,551; 7,395,503; 7,389,200; 7,406,599; 6,754,382 Patents Pending. Adobe® PDF Library is licensed from Adobe Systems Incorporated. Adobe, Acrobat®, the Adobe logo, the Acrobat logo, the Adobe PDF logo and Adobe PDF Library are either registered trademarks or trademarks...
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...Computer systems computer systems Assignment 1 - Topic: scanners Date: Student name: Student number: Tutor name: Tutorial time: Abstract This report investigates the current state of scanner technology and examines the predicted future advancements of scanners. A brief history of the scanner and its operation is initially outlined. The discussion then focuses on the advantages and limitations of the five main types of scanners in common use today: drum, flatbed, sheet-fed, slide, and hand held scanners. The performance of these scanners is examined in relation to four main criteria: resolution, bit-depth, dynamic range and software. It is concluded that further technological advances in these four areas as well as the deployment of new sensor technology will continue to improve the quality of scanned images. It is also suggested that specialised scanners will increasingly be incorporated into other types of technology such as digital cameras. Table of contents Abstract i 1.0 Introduction 1 2.0 How scanners work 2 3.0 Types of scanners 2 3.1 Drum scanners 2 3.2 Flatbed scanners 2 3.3 Sheet-fed scanners 2 3.4 Slide scanners 3 3.5 Hand held scanners 3 4.0 Scanner specifications 3 4.1 Resolution 3 4.2 Bit-depth 4 4.3 Dynamic range 4 4.4 Software 4 5.0 Future developments 5 6.0 Conclusion 5 7.0 Reference list 5 Appendicies 6 Appendix 1 Image Sensor Scanner 8 Appendix 2 Frequently Used References 9 Appendix 2.1 Scanner Tips 10 Appendix...
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...Arabic Text Recognition M. Amara1 and K. Zidi2 Laboratoire de recherche Stratégies d’Optimisation et Informatique intelligentE SOIE ISG Tunis, 41, Rue de la Liberté, Cité Bouchoucha 2000 Le Bardo, Tunis -TUNISIE 1. amara1marwa@gmail.com Université de Gafsa, Tunisie 2. kamel_zidi@yahoo.fr Keywords : Feature selection, Genetic algorithm, PML, AOCR. 1 Introduction There are a wide variety of measurable characteristics in images. And we usually think that each feature is important to distinguish one form from another. Researchers in this domain confirmed that the number of primitives increases; the performance of a recognition system becomes poor and the computation time increases [1]. Consequently, a feature selection process is needed to resolve such a problem. Researchers categorized feature selection methods into three groups; heuristic methods, complete methods and random methods. Random method of research is rather new in its use of methods for selecting primitive compared to the other two categories heuristic and complete. Genetic algorithms (GA) are recently received considerable attention regarding their potential as an optimization technique based on the mechanism of natural selection. The features selection using GA has been used in various research areas such as camera calibration [2], verification of signatures [3], medical diagnosis [4], face recognition [5] and recognizing numbers [1]. We intend here to develop an Arabic optical character recognition system...
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...------------------------------------------------- Sample report Click on the highlighted text to see the comments. Computer systems computer systems Assignment 1 - Topic: scanners Date: Student name: Student number: Tutor name: Tutorial time: Abstract This report investigates the current state of scanner technology and examines the predicted future advancements of scanners. A brief history of the scanner and its operation is initially outlined. The discussion then focuses on the advantages and limitations of the five main types of scanners in common use today: drum, flatbed, sheet-fed, slide, and hand held scanners. The performance of these scanners is examined in relation to four main criteria: resolution, bit-depth, dynamic range and software. It is concluded that further technological advances in these four areas as well as the deployment of new sensor technology will continue to improve the quality of scanned images. It is also suggested that specialised scanners will increasingly be incorporated into other types of technology such as digital cameras. Table of contents | Abstract | i | 1.0 | Introduction | 1 | 2.0 | How scanners work | 2 | 3.0 | Types of scanners | 2 | | 3.1 | Drum scanners | 2 | | 3.2 | Flatbed scanners | 2 | | 3.3 | Sheet-fed scanners | 2 | | 3.4 | Slide scanners | 3 | | 3.5 | Hand held scanners | 3 | 4.0 | Scanner specifications | 3 | | 4.1 | Resolution | 3 | | 4.2 | Bit-depth | 4 | | 4.3 | Dynamic range...
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