...submission of assignments Please complete all of the following details and then make this sheet the first page of each file of your assignment – do not send it as a separate document. Your assignments must be submitted as either Word documents, text documents with .rtf extension or as .pdf documents. If you wish to submit in any other file format please discuss this with your lecturer well before the assignment submission date. |Student Name: |Samara James | |Student ID No.: |22078393 | |Unit Name: |Tourism and Hospitality Research and Analysis | |Unit Code: |MNG00415 | |Tutor’s name: |Martin Young | |Assignment No.: |2 | |Assignment Title: |Research Proposal and Literature Review | |Due date: |April 11th 2014 | |Date submitted: ...
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...Tourism and Hospitality Management, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 125-150, 2010 U. Colakoglu, O. Culha, H. Atay: THE EFFECTS OF PERCEIVED ORGANISATIONAL SUPPORT ON ... THE EFFECTS OF PERCEIVED ORGANISATIONAL SUPPORT ON EMPLOYEES’ AFFECTIVE OUTCOMES: EVIDENCE FROM THE HOTEL INDUSTRY Ulker Colakoglu Osman Culha Hakan Atay UDC 640.4:658.3](560) Original scientific paper Received 7 September 2010 Revised 13 September 2010 4 October 2010 Abstract Previous studies mainly analysed the relationship between perceived organisational support and organisational commitment in a direct way. Limited studies of tourism, however, have found that job satisfaction is a mediator variable in the relationship between perceived organisational support and organisational commitment. The aim of this study is, (i) to analyse the effect of organisational support on job satisfaction, (ii) to analyse the effect of organisational support on the dimensions of organisational commitment, (iii) to analyse the effect of job satisfaction on the dimensions of organisational commitment, and (iv) to analyse the mediating effect of job satisfaction on the relationship between perceived organisational support and dimensions of organisational commitment based on an empirical study. The relationship between the variables was analysed by using a multivariate data analysis. Besides this, in the study, the mediating effect of job satisfaction on the relationship between perceived organisational support and the dimensions of...
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...Motivation is a very important and extremely complex part in the hospitality and tourism industry as much as in any business in the world. Motivation can and does affect how much effort people put in their work and how much they can learn, upgrade their skills and contribute more to the company, through it. (Mullins 2007). Bloisi (2003) defines motivation as ‘’a conscious decision - to perform one or more activities with greater effort than other competing activities’’ (W. Bloisi, 2003 Management and Organisational Behaviour, p.172). Which said in plain English will mean that when a manager gives an incentive to his employees to perform a certain activity that will boost up the productivity of the employee and that confirms the theory that people are rational individual who respond to incentives. On the other hand, when the employee doesn’t have any stimulation to perform an activity the overall product of his work won’t be that good and that makes those employees a burden for the industry that they are working in - they no more contribute for the development of the company (Decenzo & Robbins 2005). Often one of the good examples of motivation is the money factor, followed by enjoying the industry and the good social environment. Most of our motives are conclusive of our behaviour. If managers understand the motivations of their employees they can understand in that way their behaviours (Huczynski & Buchanan 2007). Every manager has to know how to motivate and...
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...Airways. The report analyses Etihad Airways and draws information, justification, and conclusions from the company documents and academic resources. The report is 3000 words, and should be considered by the reader to be a broad overview of the company. The analysis conducted considered organisation background, and how that impacted organisational culture, and structure. In addition to this, the report outlined strategic management and how Etihad Airways stands out in the aviation industry. The report found that Etihad Airways has an Islamic background, that is evident in the fact Etihad is a state- owned airline, established by royal decree in Abu Dhabi. Despite the fact traditional Islamic views were depicted in accessibility of prayer rooms and announced prayers before departures etc., Etihad Airways showed evidence that they sought to accommodate for western culture. This was reflected in the availability of alcoholic beverages and through the company’s objectives that stated; the airline seeks to reflect the best of Arabian hospitality – cultured, considerate, warm and generous – as well as enhance the prestige of Abu Dhabi as a centre of hospitality between East and West. Etihad Airways appeared to have a mixture of nationalities within their...
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...influence the way in which people behave, how they work together and how they pursue the goals of the organisation ( [Campbell & Yeung (1991a)]). A well-designed mission statement is essential for formulating, implementing, and evaluating business strategy ( [David (2001)]). The role of the mission statement in the strategic management of business firms has not been sufficiently highlighted in the research literature. As [Campbell & Yeung (1991a)] note, regarding the mission statement ‘there is little research into its nature and importance’. Since this refers to the management literature generally, it is not surprising that minimal attention has been paid to the role of mission statements in the strategic management of tourism and hospitality organisations. A major objective of this paper is to remedy this apparent neglect. Specifically, this paper will address the following issues: first, it will discuss the nature of mission statements and the purposes for which they are used; second, the...
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...Total Quality Management Vol. 23, No. 11, November 2012, 1227–1239 Which HRM practices contribute to service culture? Akiko Ueno∗ ,† Royal Docks Business School, University of East London, Docklands Campus, 4-6 University Way, London, E16 2RD, UK It is known that Human Resources Management (HRM) can help to develop service culture, which will in turn improve service quality. The purpose of this article is to determine the relative importance of six HRM practices in terms of their impact on culture. A questionnaire survey of medium and large-sized UK service businesses was conducted. The results reveal that there is a strong association between culture and HRM practices, and that some management practices are more strongly associated with culture than others. Further research should explore the reasons why some HRM practices are more contributory to culture than others. Service businesses in pursuit of service quality should make use of these HRM practices for developing service culture in their organisations. This research has confirmed a strong association between culture and HRM practices, and also clarified the relative importance of HRM practices in terms of their impact on culture in order to improve service quality. Keywords: culture; HRM; services Introduction This article investigates the relative importance of six Human Resources Management (HRM) practices in terms of their impact on culture in order to improve service quality. In a previous study, it was found...
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...effectively Motivation derives from the Latin word “movere” which means to move. Luthans (1998) defines motivation as “a process which begins with physiological or psychological need or deficiency which triggers behaviour or a drive that is aimed at a goal or an incentive“. In other words, an individual must feel a need to an extent that will drive them to satisfying it. Some psychologists and business people define motivation as the thing that makes people do something, which usually they will not do. Motivation is a fundamental psychological approach where the management process of inducing employee’s behaviour established on the evidence of what causes people to click (Luthans, 1998). Theories of motivation presume that motivational behaviour happens due to work fulfils their psychological needs or because there appears to be a link between effort and performance and performance and value of outcomes (R. Fincham and. Rhodes 2009). There are two types of motivational theories: content theories, which focus on the specific identity of what it is deep down in an individual or his environment that stimulates and assists behaviour. In addition, process theories that strive to understand how specific variables interact and affect each other to create certain kinds of behaviour. A good example of content theory is Frederick Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory or Motivation-Hygiene Theory (Herzberg et...
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...Contenporary Contemporary Hospitality Industry Understand the current structure of hospitality industry. Analyse current scale, scope and diversity of hospitality industry. The hospitality industry employs seven percent of the working population. In terms of gross value added (GVA) the sector contributed £40.6bn to the UK economy in 2011 or 4.2 percent of the country’s total GVA. In 2012 there were 181,500 individual business sites operating across UK. Hospitality and tourism is one of the UK’s most diverse sectors all connected to service sector. Besides different size of operations and customers, there are different sub-sectors of the industry: * Pubs, bars and night clubs * Hotels, Hostels and B&B * Restaurants, Bistros, Cafes and Coffee shops * Casinos and Gambling * Take-Always and Mobile catering * Travel services * Tourist Services * Membership clubs * Contract catering * Hospitality services * Events * Visitor attractions According to State of the Nation Report 2013, in 2012 most of the hospitality businesses were private companies (59 %). Following 20 % were sole traders and remaining were mostly partnerships (15 %). Restaurants, hotels, pubs, bars and nightclubs represent the greatest number of businesses and equal 70% GVA. When measured by the number of employees, industry is predominately made up of small businesses; almost half employ less than five people and only one percent of businesses employ 100...
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...UNIT 16: SALES DEVELOPMENT AND MERCHANDISING Get assignment help for this unit at assignmenthelpuk@yahoo.com LO1 Understand elements of the product in a business and services context Products/services: characteristics, features/benefits, product strategy/mix, life cycle, development processes, test-marketing (simulated and controlled), concept development and testing, unique selling points (USPs), branding Market segmentation: rationale for segmentation, methods of segmentation, recognising market needs, matching ‘offer’ to market segment, benefits and constraints of branding, theme developments Context: types eg hospitality and catering, hairdressing and beauty therapy, sports and leisure, travel and tourism LO2 Understand external sales development techniques Buyer behaviour: motivation theory, the purchase decision process Advertising: media selection, costs, target markets, evaluating effectiveness, sales promotion External merchandising: design aspects eg location, access, car parking, signage LO3 Understand the tools and techniques of internal sales promotion and merchandising Design considerations: customer ergonomics (ease of access to product and point of sale), environment/ambience eg heating, lighting, seating, noise, equipment Internal merchandising: internal signage, sales materials, electronic sales aids, matching materials to image created by external methods Sales promotions: range of promotional activities; matching activities to market and business;...
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...Therefore most business’s around the world including the hospitality and tourism industry need to enter into a cross-cultural alliance to become more effective due to globalisation having a significant impact on the personal characteristic in the workforce because of the increasing cultural diversity (Lloyd and Hartel, 2010). Ferraro (2005) argues that globalisation is not just a passing trend but has submerged acting as a replacement for the cold war system. Therefore this reflective portfolio aims to explore some of the theories surrounding cross-cultural behaviour in order to relate and understand the behaviours of the cultures in respectively Denmark and the US. However in order to do so, a definition of the meaning culture will be primarily discussed and what stereotypes Denmark and the US the authors carries toward both countries. Through the analysis and the information gathered from the theories, potential opportunities and difficulties will be identified between the two countries cultural diversity in relation to motivation, teams, communication channels and conflict and dispute resolution. Lastly, the essay will evaluate to author’s personal development and learning in the context of her own cross-cultural behaviour and understanding by comparing her stereotyping to the findings identified above, and to which areas she still needs to develop, into becoming an effective leader of today’s global society and hospitality industry. 1.2. Defining the Meaning of Culture The impact...
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...UNIT 8: MARKETING IN HOSPITALITY Get assignment help for this unit at assignmenthelpuk@yahoo.com LO1 Understand the concepts of marketing in a services industry context Core concepts: definition of marketing, customer needs, wants and demands, product and services markets, value, customer satisfaction/retention, quality, cost/benefits, efficiency/effectiveness, profitability, the growth of consumerism, strategic/tactical marketing, reasons for growth, marketing as a business philosophy, relationship marketing, changing emphasis of marketing Marketing environment: micro environment of the company; stakeholders eg suppliers, intermediaries, owners, financiers, customers, competitors, local residents, pressure groups; macro environment demographics eg economy, society, ecology, technology, politics, legal, culture; strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis; political, economic, social, technical (PEST) analysis; Porter’s competitive forces Consumer markets: central role of the customer, customer culture, models and types of behaviour, consumer orientation (internal and external), competitor orientation, decision process, value chain, value and satisfaction, long-term relationships Market segmentation: principles of segmentation, targeting and positioning, segmentation bases eg geographic, demographic, behavioural, lifecycle stage, income, gender Ethics and social responsibility: sustainability, social audit, public relations, legal and regulatory considerations...
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...Hospitality and Tourism Education and Training A Case Study of Scotland. Geno Trapaidze The Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management University of Strathclyde A thesis submitted in part of the requirements for the degree of MSc in International Hospitality Management September, 2007. ABSTRACT 1 The purpose of this study is to examine the role of education and training and its impact on labour supply to the Scotland hospitality and tourism industry; what are the current issues are there? And how those issues can be minimised? Its also seeks to identify the relation between the customer satisfaction and the service employees via service quality for maintain the growth of the hospitality and tourism industry. It also tries to identify the current labour market issues of the hospitality and tourism sector in Scotland, and how these issues can be minimised. Research will be conducted through five individual interviews. This research should help the hospitality and tourism managers/employers understand the importance of retaining staff. Also it will aim to make educational institutions aware of the gap between the content and the design of their hospitality and tourism courses/degree programmes in relation to industry demand, as highlighted in relation to current labour market issues such as staff turnover rate, retention problems, and the image of the hospitality and tourism industry in Scotland. Key words: Service quality, staff turnover, poor image...
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...Workplace: An Overview Over The International Law And Current Law And Practice In Malaysia | International Journal Of Humanities And Social Science | 2013 | Dr. Muzaffar Syah Mallow | 4 | Impact Of Ethical Leadership On Employee Job Performance | International Journal Of Business And Social Science | 2012 | Shukurat Moronke Bello | 5 | Factors Influencing Sexual Harassment In The Malaysian Workplace | Asian Academy Of Management Journal, | 2007 | Mohd Nazari Ismail; Lee Kum Chee; Chan Foong Bee | 6 | Sexual Harassment As Unethical Behavior The Role Of Moral Intensity | Human Resource Management Review | 2001 | Anne M. O'Leary-Kelly;Lynn Bowes-Sperry | 7 | Sexual Harassment: Matter Of Individual Ethics, Legal Definitions, Or Organisational Policy?...
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...Cultural Management Theories and Challenge for Global Managers Preface The hospitality and the tourism industries are inter-related. Neither industry is limited to country boundaries. They are growing very rapidly. In a world which has become globalized, international trade barriers are becoming less and funds can be more easily obtained at present than in the past which boost the development of these industries throughout the world. More and more multinational organisations have emerged in these fields. These organisations are working in different countries in different cultural environments. This cultural difference in different countries introduces to the managers with the classical problem of cross cultural management which involves problems regarding understanding, interacting and communicating with individuals from different cultures (Ayoun and Moreo, 2008). Organisations in hospitality and tourism industries, especially hotels, are being more widely spread across the globe. As such, all managers have to think about culture. There may be two types of manager in this scenario. One is a global manager, actually the best person available for the job from any culture, who is responsible for coordinating business in more than one country. The other one is an expatriate manager, a person from any culture, who is assigned to control the business of one country and who thus becomes an expert of that culture (Capellen and Leuven, 2006. p. 1-4). The global manager’s competency and...
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...MGT1000 Organisational behaviour and management Marking criteria for assignment: CRITERIA | FAIL Less than 50% | PASS 50%–64% | CREDIT 65%–74% | DISTINCTION 75%–84% | HIGH DISTINCTION 85% and up | TOTAL | Content | No demonstrated understanding of question; not all issues relevant to question have been answered; inaccurate and irrelevant theory/content; obvious content missing | Borderline understanding of question; may not have answered all the issues relevant to the question but has dealt with the major ones; some minor inaccurate and or irrelevant theory/content | Sufficient understanding of question; answers all parts of the question, even if the content is a little uneven in quality; has attempted critique e.g. linked theories or evaluated theory; only very few very minor inaccuracies in content/theory evident | Good understanding of question; answers all parts of the question to a good standard– includes critical analysis of relevant issues pertaining to the question, even if a little of this critique is a little weak in parts; no inaccuracies in content/theory evident; may include some original content | Unequivocal understanding of question; answers all its parts comprehensively and accurately and excellent critical analysis of relevant issues pertaining to the question; usually includes some original content; no inaccuracies in the theory / content | | Mark out of 30 | <15 | 15-19.4 | 19.5-22.4 | 22.5-25.4 | 25.5 | 26 | Referencing and sources...
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