...Crimes Affecting Society in Canada Student’s name Name of the Institute Table of Contents Crimes Affecting Society in Canada 2 Introduction 2 Law in Canada 2 Future Looks Bright 12 References 13 Crimes Affecting Society in Canada Introduction Canada a federal parliamentary democracy situated to the north of United States of America consists of 10 provinces and 3 territories. It extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean. At approximately 10 million square kilometers in total, Canada is the world's second-largest country by total area, and its common border with the United States is the world's longest land border shared by the same two countries. Its proximity to sea and to the United States it enjoys the status of both Most favored nation as well as Most riskiest nation to the United States of America. Canada is considered to be a developed country and one of the wealthiest in the world having the eighth highest per capita income globally and also securing the eleventh place in the Human Development Index. It ranks amongst the leaders in international education, government transparency and quality of life (Mann, 1992). It also figures amongst the leaders in crime, a status which surely is not desired by many countries. Law in Canada Like any other country, the Constitution of Canada is the supreme law of the country and consists of guidelines and laws by which the country is to be governed. The Constitution Act, 1867 also known as the...
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...Introduction The concept of what is measured to be deviant and criminal is reliant on the essential morals, values, norms, as well as legal and political circumstances in today’s society. What has been codified as being illegal in one society could be legal somewhere else. For instance, prostitution has always been legal in Canada, the facts surrounding it are currently illegal, whereas prostitution is completely illegal in most parts of Europe. Deviance is another subjective matter which is subject but not limited to criminal behavior. As a matter of fact, it is also relative to time and place; certain actions or conducts can be seen as being deviant depending where and when it occurs. For example, being nude is perfectly tolerable by society...
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...Controlling Organized Crime Paper When carefully considering how to define the term “organized crime” an individual concludes it is a group of individuals from the same or different ethnic backgrounds and transnational groups operate as a working network that may include politicians and legitimate businesses. Criminal organization characteristics are a topic throughout this document. These four theories, Social control, alien conspiracy, strain and anomie, and differential association are also topics in the document to provide a clear understanding of the development of criminal organizations. Complications as a result of criminal organizations, combatting organized crime with limited limitations, and federal laws supporting the efforts of anti-crime. A recommendation of gaining control over organized crime is also a topic in this document. Several theories can assist law enforcement, society, researchers, and professionals by providing an insight into the early development stages of criminal organization. Each theory has facts, research, and statistics to support the theories. The data collection provides an in-depth understanding why an organized crime group’s flourish and the reason these individual engage in criminal behavior. Additionally, theories assist law enforcement with determining a demographic area and individuals at risk of engaging in organized crime. Social Control Theory The social control theory suggests that links to a person’s family and neighborhood...
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...of youth gangs that exist in Canada. This framework allows movement between the different groups of gangs. However there is no literature to support advancement of the youth from petty crime gangs to organized adult crime gangs. Youth in these different gangs however continue to stay as long as their gang remain unchallenged, and they receive protection, power, financial support and identity (Mathews, 1999:10; Richter-White, 2003: 17). The above factors, and others such as racial divisions, isolation and limited access to socially acceptable and legitimate opportunities serve as the main motivation for why the youth join one or more of these different gangs (Begin, 1994). For example, some students tend to join gangs in order to receive social recognition, and to be perceived as powerful among their peers. Other vulnerable youth also join gangs in their schools and communities in order to feel protected and safe from other gangs. Such people are more likely to join an image-based gang rather than a gang that is involved in criminal acts (Brian et al, 2005:...
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...Controlling Organized Crime James R. Wells 6/30/2013 CJA/384 Mr. Borton Organized crime has been around for a long time and has always been a huge problem. The Prohibition is what got organized crime started with everyone wanting to bootleg. It is a growing trend in today’s society. The Mafia was one of the first well known crime groups in the 1970’s and was one of the most powerful one at that. Gangs are getting smarter at keeping their criminal activities under the radar to law enforcement and to ordinary citizens. Business owners are starting to get involved in illegal activity over greed. Organized crime is taking over all over the world and drugs are a big factor. Identify the problems presented and the various relationships established by organized crime. The FBI defines organized crime “as any group having some manner of a formalized structure and whose primary objective is to obtain money through illegal activities” (Organized Crime). Organized crime just does not affect those in a gang or those doing illegal activities. IT affects everyone as a whole, locales, region, or the entire country. The Tsarnaev brothers were part of the Al Qaeda group, they killed four people at one of the biggest marathon in the United States and it affected the nation. The various relationships established by organized crime are cargo theft, fraud, robbery, kidnapping for ransom, and the demanding of protection payments. Describe the legal limitations associated with combating organized...
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...Introduction Violent crime will always be a problem; just because Canada doesn’t face high rates of violent crime in comparison to other countries doesn’t deem it an unimportant issue. My knowledge about this topic, violent crime, has come from a variety of resources that will be discussed as this paper progresses. The crime control polices in Alberta and/or Canada to my knowledge are having a positive impact, but more could always be done. Overall, I believe an enhanced proactive approach is needed. That being said, more could always be done. The youth need to be educated more about the justice system, violent crimes, and risks of the gang life at an earlier age. Problem of Violent Crime In Canada Violent crime in Canada isn’t too big...
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...ORGANIZED CRIME INVESTIGATION "Yes, Mr. Hoover, there is a Mafia" (Rudy Giuliani) Organized crime is in a class by itself. It's big, it's powerful, it's well-connected, and highly profitable. Mafia is the most common term used to describe the more profitable criminal organizations around the world, but other terminology exists, such as: international criminal organizations (military usage); transnational crime (United Nations usage); and enterprise crime (FBI usage). As the term is utilized in criminology, it refers to any (or all) of six (6) different types of crime: (1) crime as business, which includes white collar crime as well as various forms of corruption; (2) offenses involving works of art, counterfeiting, or other cultural artifacts; (3) crime associated with the distribution and sale of narcotics as well as other contraband substances; (4) crime associated with human migration or sex trafficking including various forms of prostitution; and (5) crime involving contract murder or for-hire use of force, mostly deadly force; and (6) various forms of computer crime involving identity theft and/or other large-scale financial frauds. No one-sentence conceptual definition exists, and a very useful webpage can be found on the Internet devoted to the Many Definitions of Organized Crime. There are known characteristics of organized crime, such as corruption, violence, sophistication, continuity, structure, discipline, ideology (or lack thereof), multiple enterprises...
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...Youth crime is a serious problem in Canada today and has been for many years. From 2000-2010, there have been decreases in the overall youth crime rate, properly crime rate, and violent crime rate, although youth crime remains high in many areas ("A Statistical Snapshot"). At-risk youth frequently become involved in criminal activity after joining a gang. Although Canadian youth from all socioeconomic backgrounds may join a gang, those who do so often come from low income backgrounds and single parent or foster homes or they may have a mental illness. Aboriginal youth are particularly susceptible to joining gangs due to the high levels of poverty and violence that plague many Aboriginal communities. Traditional methods of crime prevention...
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...Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary By: Amanda Winter University Of Phoenix September 21, 2015 Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary There are many different models that can represent organized crime such as the patron-client organizations and the bureaucratic organizations. Each model has differences on how they are run and what the main focus is. Models When looking at the different models of Organized crime, one can see how they easy differentiate from the others. The patron-client organizations are focused on the supply and demand of social resources. The framework for this type of crime organization model is based on all parties involved to cooperate with each other. This form of crime organization model is generally beneficially to drug importers and drug dealers. The patron-client crime organization model has individuals that can wield power and can also give out favors, which can be called in at a later time. This model is not as strict as the bureaucratic crime organization model. By keeping their relations strong, they can network farther and farther out. The Bureaucratic crime organization models, which can also be named the Hierarchical Crime Organization Model, covers groups of individuals that focus more on the how’s and why’s of the “business” operations. The Bureaucratic crime organization model is quite strict on how things are to be done. When trying to understand these models, first one must again realize the differences...
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...Organized Crime Families: Organized crime is the widespread criminal activities, such as prostitution, interstate theft, or illegal gambling, that occurs within a centrally controlled formal structure. The structure is called organized crime families, gangs or mobs, they are the people and the groups involved in criminal activities and are sometimes called underworld organizations. Their criminal activities are international with members and affiliates in Canada, South America, Australia, and parts of Europe. They are also known to collaborate with other international organized crime groups from all over the world, especially in drug trafficking. The major threats to American society posed by these groups are drug trafficking and money laundering. These groups don’t limit themselves to drug running, though. They’re also involved in illegal gambling, political corruption, extortion, kidnapping, fraud, counterfeiting, and infiltration of legitimate businesses, murders, bombings, and weapons trafficking. These groups are highly organized and everything is built upon structure. The structure of these groups are very complex but easy to understand throughout the remainder of the paper each level of the structure will be described and each position will be explained. The lowest on the scale is the Associates; they have the least amount of power within the group. They do the real dirty work. Associates are not made guys; they just hang around with the crew. They often...
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...Controlling Organized Crime Rob Papagno CJA/384 03 September 2013 Daniel Barry Controlling Organized Crime Some people would say that organized crime has ruined the United States and allowed petty hoods to gain worldwide recognition. Others would disagree and say organized crime is no different than any major corporation in today’s global economy. Some people would say organized crime is the best thing to happen to neighborhoods which law enforcement will not come into. No matter what side of the fence a person falls on, some part of what they believe will be correct, and part will not. During the course of this paper, the author will look at organized crime, identify the problems presented and the various relationships established by organized crime, and describe the legal limitations associated with combating organized crime, including a critique of major federal laws and strategies that support this effort. Finally, the author will suggest a realistic solution to control organized crime by discussing and evaluating the effectiveness of organized crime prosecutions. Problems with Organized Crime The problem with organized crime is that it often infringes on people’s basic rights and destroys economic structure, and political and civil development, on a global scale. Transnational organized crime rears its ugly head in many different forms, ranging from the trafficking of drugs and people to illegal arms. This is often accomplished by using unsuspecting individuals...
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...CHAPTER 7 DEVIANCE AND SOCIAL CONTROL Deviance 171 Social Policy and Social Control: Illicit Drug Use in Canada and Worldwide 193 What Is Deviance? 171 Explaining Deviance 175 Social Control 182 Conformity and Obedience 182 Informal and Formal Social Control Law and Society 186 Crime 185 187 Types of Crime 188 Crime Statistics 190 The Issue 193 The Setting 193 Sociological Insights 193 Policy Initiatives 193 Boxes RESEARCH IN ACTION: Street Kids 183 sOCIOLOGY IN THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY: Singapore: A Nation of Campaigns 186 TAKING SOCIOLOGY TO WORK: Holly Johnson, Chief of Research, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada 192 Cigarette smoking has become stigmatized in Canada. This newspaper advertisement, sponsored by Health Canada, reverses the typical advertising strategy of equating smoking with sexiness. 169 H eidi Fleiss was in her late twenties when she was arrested for operating a call girl service. At the time, her pediatrician father had reacted flippantly, “I guess I didn’t do such a good job on Heidi after all.” Later, he would be convicted of conspiring to hide profits from his daughter’s call girl ring. Fleiss had dropped out of school when she was sixteen and established a liaison with a playboyfinancier who gave her a Rolls-Royce for her twenty-first birthday. In her early twenties, Fleiss interned in the world of prostitution by working for Madame Alex (Elizabeth Adams)...
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...Social Influence of Crime Stu Dent CJA/384 28 October 2012 T. Cher Social Influence of Crime Organized crime has been a research topic in criminal justice for many reasons. It appeals to researchers because of the variables that are involved in defining why organized crime exists and how it has been as successful as it has been. With all of this research comes a series of theories on how organized crime works and how society can benefit from understanding these concepts. Reviewing and defining a few of these theories will assist in understanding theories of organized crime. Among the foundation of organized crime is the idea that it is a social institution. Common examples of a social institution include schools, churches, sporting leagues and the work place. These are institutions that allow for social gathering and influence. However, a social institution can be defined as more than that. It does not have to be an actual building or infrastructure to physically gather in. Instead, a social institution is a set of social norms that establish the collective value of the society. It is not just the place to be social, but also the ideas that bond the group together and create that environment (Walker, 2011). In keeping with this idea, social institution has had a large impact on organized crime. In some ways, this social institution has created the environment for organized crime to grow and be successful. For example, the prohibition of alcohol in the early 1900s is...
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...Personal Perception of Organized Crime CJA/384 February 24, 2014 Abstract Organized crime does not have a specific race or ethnic background that it is associated with. Organized crime may be committed by two or more people that are embezzling money, or it may be committed by one low level criminal that is committing illegal acts on the streets of America. There are numerous characteristics that are associated with organized crime, such as, embezzlement, racketeering, money laundering, and violence. One thing that each person who commits organized crime has in common is that it is done for the same reasons, which is to gain money illegally and power over another person. Law enforcement officials do everything in their power to stop this illegal activity, but it is also citizen’s duty to report it to officials. Each member of society should familiarize him or herself with the true definition of organized crime, because otherwise one may find themselves a victim of this horrendous and deceitful act. Everyone has a personal opinion on what organized crime is, who commits it, and what it consists of. Most...
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...Personal Perception of Organized Crime Shawn Ramsey CJA/384 Criminal Organizations Damian Torres April 14, 2014 Criminal Organizations Organized crime is often described similarity by groups like government, the press and popular opinion. This similar definition is described through the knowledge people have gained from pop-culture movies, television shows, magazines, novels and stories from newspaper articles. “It is extremely rare in today's society that someone who has an opinion on organized crime, which is almost everyone, has gained this opinion through first-hand experience” (Lyman, M. D., & Potter, G. W. 2007). The problem with this narrow view of organized crime is that it fails to encompass the real issues/problems that truly define organized crime, therefore not allowing us as a society to fix the problems of and associated with organized crime. Stereotypes that have been made about organized crime through these pop-culture icons must be addressed and challenged by researchers as they aim to fix the definition of organized crime in the minds of the public, press, and government. Fixing society's understanding of organized crime is, as we have learned, the first and possibly most important step in controlling organized crime in our society. “The view of organized crime including acts such as, international drug smuggling, for example, is organized crime often being described as a; highly structured and organized operation with vertical lines of responsibility...
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