...Themes and Practice in Psychology (Criminal Behaviour) “Criminal behaviour runs in families”. Discuss this statement in light of the nature-nurture debate and considering recent and relevant literature. For a number of years the dilemma of whether criminal behaviour is inherent in families or is triggered by various external factors in an individual’s environment has influenced and inspired an abundance of both criminological and psychological research. Many replicable studies have been conducted in an attempt to establish the core source of deviant and/or criminal actions , and whether such actions are to be attributed to genetics, or to one’s environment , nature or nurture. This paper shall seek to establish, where possible , the route to criminal behaviour and evaluate potential factors that could influence an individual to become delinquent . Gottfredson & Hirschi (1990) set forth a general theory of crime that identified low self-control as the main causal factor. Their theory also proposed the notion that parents play the decisive role in either nurturing or thwarting the development of self-control – dependant on the parent’s ability to monitor and supervise a child’s behaviour and respond appropriately to anti-social behaviour. They claim that parents are the sole contributors to the cause of low self-control and therefore they reject potential genetic contributions in their theory . Their theory illustrates that criminal behaviour is simply caused by one’s parental...
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...1 Organized Crime Group: The Gambino Family Melissa Castle CJA/384 June 11, 2012 Bryan Kaminski Introduction The organized crime group Learning Team A chose to conduct research on was The Gambino Family. Their entire organization was based in New York City. This paper will reflect the Gambino's national and multinational structure and operating methods pertaining to the drug business. Also a comparison of the Gambino's from their past to present role in prohibition, drug syndicates, political corruption, and other illicit activities will be examined. Over time, the Gambino family had various business interests that made them even more notable in the Italian Mafia history. National and multinational structure and operating methods, pertaining to the drug business. The Gambino family’s drug business structure and operating methods stem from very strong ties in the Sicilian Drug trade (Critchley, 2008). Until 1914, there were no real laws or boundaries against the drug industry in the United States of America (Critchley, 2008). The Boylan anti-drug Law, passed by the New York state legislature on March 28, 1914, was the first regulatory limitations seen against drugs. This law was not truly enforced until the 1920s, with legitimate businesses continuing to serve recreational drugs to addicts. This drug law was instituted because of the overwhelming numbers of innocent drug slaves, according to Charles B. Towns, the attorney who...
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...Single Family Homes, the Causes of all Evil? CRJ 1800 Single Family Homes, the Causes of all Evil? When carefully studying youth delinquency the easiest thing to do is group all delinquent youths under one common denominator. Unfortunately for Jennifer Roback, it is impossible to find a common link that truly is a route cause because there are always too many other variables at play that may or may not be full known to the researcher. To suggest that living with a single parent, or in the case of this article, a single mother; those children raised in such households have very little chance at living inside the constitutes of the law. While it may seem that the previous wording used here is strong, the point she is making is that single mother families do not work and that children with absent fathers are doomed to be criminals, or at least have almost no chance to be a productive member of society. While there are countless examples of people you and I both know people that are well adjusted, successful individuals raised in single mother households, the slant on this article is so strongly negative that it would seem the very thought of associating with such people could be a detriment on ourselves. In fact, taking this article as cold hard fact, could transform all ideas about development as a child in general for instance; Roback states that, “The basic self-control and reciprocity that a free society takes for granted do not develop automatically. Conscience...
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...York City. Gotti’s mother, Fannie, and father, J. Joseph Gotti, were both Italian immigrants. John Gotti was the fifth of 13 children in a family whose only income came from their father’s unpredictable work as a day laborer. Gotti and his family moved frequently before settling in East New York, an area known at the time for its youth gang activity. By the age of 12, Gotti was working as an errand boy for an underground club in the neighborhood run by Carmine Fatico. Fatico was a captain in the local Gambino family, the largest of the five organized crime families in New York City. Through his activities with the club, Gotti met Aniello Dellacroce, who became his life-long mentor. Differential Opportunity Theory, main idea is that crime is chosen when the benefits outweigh the costs of the punishment. This type of behavior is learned from those we associate ourselves with, and that it also comes from conforming to the beliefs, ideals, and regulations set forth by the teacher, or from social engagement with others. Gotti soon became the leader of a gang called the Fulton-Rockaway boys, a group known for their frequent robberies and car-jackings. When he was 14, Gotti’s toes were crushed as he tried to steal a cement mixer. The accident gave the mobster-to-be his trademark gait, and earned him another incident on his list of petty crimes. He was considered a bully and constant discipline problem at Franklin K. Lane High School until he dropped out at 16. By the age of 18, the...
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...The Lucchese family was the smallest organized crime family of the five in New York City. The structure of the Lucchese family was operated on a strict hierarchical structure. The members consist of members that are headed up by three high positions. These position are headed up by the capo regime (captain) and the captain leads a crew of soldiers and associates. When the captain makes a decision it is pass down to other through the chain of command. This is done so the lower level members are arrested or under investigation it keeps the law from getting to the higher levels in command. The boss is the head of the family. The boss is voted by the captain of the family. The underboss is appointed by the boss and is second in command. The underboss runs the day-to-day operations. The consigliere is the boss's right hand man. He is the person who mediates disputes and aides in meetings with other families. The capo regime is the person in charge of a crew usually 10-20 guys. If there is a task to be done the capo regime make sure it get done. A soldier is a member of the family or have to be at least half Italian descent on father's side. They are the main workers of the family. An associate is not a member of mafia, but do some errands for the family. This is the person who can start out and prove to the family that they can become loyal soldiers. Some associate may gain extreme power. The Lucchese family had control of over union across the United States. The family extorted money...
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...Gotti, whom would be later nicknamed “Teflon Don” and “Dapper Don,” was born on October 27, 1940 in the Bronx, New York. Who would have thought on that cold and blustery day that the baby boy, son of a construction worker and one of six boys, would someday be considered by both the Mafia and prosecutors alike, to be the most important “godfather” in American crime through the 1990s? The “boss of bosses” so to speak. John Gotti’s parents were both poor Italian immigrants, whose only income was from his father’s laborious and unpredictable position as a construction worker. They had 13 children, of which John was the fifth. The whole family moved often and finally settled in East New York. At that time (late 40s) East New York was known for its youth gang activity. The area supported thriving Mafia activities and was a breeding ground for Mob hit squads. It was also the former stomping grounds of gangster’s such as Bugsy Siegell. At about age 12, Gotti became an errand boy for a sketchy neighborhood club ran by Carmina Fatico, who was a captain in the Gambino family. The Gambino family was the biggest of the five Mafia families in New York City. During Gotti’s activities running errands for the club, he met his life-long mentor, Aniello Dellacroce. At this same time he joined a gang called the Fulton-Rockaway Boys. This youth gang was infamous for their carjacking’s and robberies. Once, when Gotti, age 14, was trying to steal a cement mixer for the gang, his toes were crushed. From...
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...Federal Prison Inmate Comparison CJA/234 University of Phoenix Axia Abstract This assignment will include the different types of prisons in the criminal justice system. By comparing and contrasting the prisons in which the named below spent their time in what type of prison and for how long and the crime that sent him or her to prison. Martha Stewart Martha Stewart sent to the Alderson Federal Prison Camp a minium-security prison located in West Virginia also known as camp cupcake. Opened as the first federal prison for women in 1927, Alderson sits on 95 acres and houses 1,055 female prisoners, according to the Bureau of Prisons. Martha Stewart was sentenced to five months. The crimnal charges brought against Stewart was for obstruction of justice and lying to government investigators during an insider-trader probe into the 2001 sale of personal ImClone Systems stock (Money, 2004). Ivan Boesky The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) investigated Boesky for making investments based on tips, and on November 14, 1986, SEC charged Boesky with illegal stock manipulation based on insider information. Although insider trading of this kind was illegal, they rarely were enforced until Boesky. By cooperating with the SEC; Boesky recieved a plea bargain, Boesky received a prison sentence of 3.5 years and fined $100 million. Boesky served two years than was released. Boesky served his sentence at Lompoc Federal Prison Camp near Vandenberg Air Force Base...
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...Organized Crime In this paper, I will describe my personal perception of organized crime. I will identify any assumptions on which my perceptions are based, and answer the following questions. How would you describe or define organized crime? How does your perception compare to the definitions in the readings? What characteristics do you think are associated with organized criminal behavior? In my mind, when I think of organized crime, I think back to the days of the mafia, the Costa Nostra. People like: John Gotti “The Teflon Don”, Al Capone, Charles “Lucky’ Luciano, Bugsy Seigel, and “Machine Gun” Kelly, powerful crime families like the Gambino and Genovese families. Powerful Men and Families that ran intricate schemes of criminal activity. These men were at times ruthless criminals and at times loving family men, proven by the fact that they called their gangs a family, even though not all the men in the families were related. A large part of my knowledge about organized crime comes from television, news, movies and books. Organized crime has been sensationalized in the entertainment industry for years. Movies like the Godfather, Goodfellas, and The Untouchables, and television shows, as The Sopranos made the life in organized crime seem almost normal. The fact that these men committed numerous crimes, both financial and violent, seems to have passed over the heads of many people. To me organized crime is a group of people that band together to commit crimes for personal...
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...History: The Five Families of the New York Mafia Since the1920’s the five Italian/Sicilian-American crime families which include the Colombo’s, the Genovese’s, the Bonanno’s, the Gambino’s, and the Lucchese’s have been dominating New York’s organized crime. Each family has their own unique story about how each family made its way to becoming one of the top Five Families in the mafia. We will be taking a journey and learning the history behind each crime family, from what part of New York they controlled to who controlled each family during that time period, and who currently runs the mafia present day. Before going into the histories of each of these families, below is a hierarchy chart of the organized crime. You will need this to understand how the families were structured, and names that were associated with their titles. Boss: Also known as the “Don”. Has total control over the entire family. Underboss: They are second in command of the family; they give orders usually that comes from the Boss. Consigliere: The family advisor, sometimes they’re professional attorneys. Capo: They are captains or lieutenants; they are in charge of the soldiers and associates. Soldiers: They are the ones that do all the dirty work; they take orders from the Capo’s, and sometimes the Underboss. Associates: Are soldiers who haven’t been a “made man” yet. ------------------------------------------------- The Colombo Crime Family The Colombo crime family was formerly...
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...Richard Leonard Kuklinski born April 11, 1935 was one of the most dangerous man in America. He was a serial killer convicted for three murders, but in reality was an actual hit man who kill more than a hundred people. He was given the nickname “Iceman” because he froze his victims to confuse the police their time of death. Leading a double life between his family and crimes Kuklinski joined the DeCavalcante crime family where he began his first real gang slays. He later got involved with the Gambino family to fulfilled more jobs. Richard relationship with his father may be the root of his behavior, killing any guy who reminds him of his father, he displays a very bipolar side. For Richard, killing were only contracts, he didn't view them out of personal affairs it was just business. It didn't matter the weapons of choice he use to murder his victims like knife, guns, cyanide, and a crowbar. He was the kind of guy who didn't have any attachment as long as the job got done. For me he falls into the category of Psychiatric Criminology because he displays a psychopath behavior. A psychopath is an individual who has a personality disorder, especially one manifested in aggressively antisocial behavior, and who is lacking in empathy. Being able to manipulated those around him and to be so unemotionally attached to them is what defined Richard Kuklinski. The “Iceman” in this case is that he so detail in his line of work that his “friends” will later turn into enemies, and see no problem...
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...Joe Giudice went to prison a few days ago and while that must have been stressful for the TV reality star to endure, especially when he had to give up drinking. Some inmates can get their sentences reduced by enrolling in the drug and/or alcohol rehab, but that avenue is not an option for Joe Giudice. Joe Giudice was sentenced to serve 41 months at the Federal Correction Institute Fort Dix in New Jersey and he arrived at the prison around noon, on March 23, 2016. He thought he found a clever way to r3educe his sentence from 41 months to 18 months by enrolling in the Bureau of Prisons' 500-hour Residential Drug Abuse Program. His plan would have worked well, if he had been a legal citizen of the United States. Joe Giudice is a native of Italy and he faces deportation when his 41-month jail term is over. According to John Webster is part of the National Prison and Sentencing Consultants and his clientele is mainly white-collar clients. He helps them to find ways to minimize prison time by enrolling in certain helpful programs. "I don't care if he can prove he did heroin every day. He's not getting into that program." Apparently, if an inmate can apply to be enrolled in the RDAP if they have it documented that they have a problem with substance abuse. The documentation can include letters from doctors, mental health professionals or even a social worker can help the inmate receive help with his or her problem. If they have DUI convictions, even that is helpful. The RDAP can only...
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...July 28, 2014 | Features The Trials of the Kabbalah Capitalist Rabbi Yoshiyahu Yosef Pinto ministered to machers in New York and Israel. Then God had a change of heart. June 2, 2014 | Features The Taming of the Trading Monster After his firm’s indictment, Steven A. Cohen is richer than ever—but almost everything has changed. January 6, 2013 | The A-Rod E-Mails The slugger and the suit: a baseball bromantic tragedy. December 9, 2013 | Chasing A-Rod The struggle between Major League Baseball and one of its greatest hitters over steroids is total war—fought with six-figure payoffs in the tanning salons and strip malls of South Florida. October 21, 2013 | Features Post Mortem A (somewhat premature) newspaper autopsy. June 24, 2013 | Features Nelson Castro in the Machine Created by the Bronx political Establishment—then sent out by the D.A. with a recorder to try to bring fellow politicians down. May 13, 2013 | Features Al Gore’s Golden Years The almost president has become the ultimate Davos Man, a moral entrepreneur and richer than Mitt Romney. March 4, 2013 | Features The Dean of Corruption Cecilia Chang, the St. John’s fund-raiser who committed suicide after her epic fraud was exposed, tried to keep her superiors happy with gifts of watches, vacations, custom suits, and fine wine. It worked, for a while. September 24, 2012 | Features We’re Going to Take Over...
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...The Pony Stable Inn was one of the first openly lesbian bars in New York City. West 4th Street, which runs along the south side of Washington Square and became a lifeline to New York’s Beat culture. The teahouse Mad Hatter at 150 W. 4th was an influential artist destination, which then later became the lesbian bar Pony Stable Inn. Alas being a lesbian bar, the Pony Stable in became a central point for the poetry scene for the beats. In 1949, a young poet named Gregory Corso was just released from prison. Soon after his release Corso became an resident poet at the Pony Stable Inn. Corso worked as a day laborer in New York's garment district, ann by night he would sit and write poetry for all the ladies at a specific table at the Pony Stable...
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...rehabilitation affects deterrence of crime, how it affects victims and their family. I will also discuss how it affects offenders, the impact it has on society, and the fiscal impact upon society. Punishment and rehabilitation helps the inmate in different ways. This will show both pros and cons to punishment and rehabilitation. Punishment versus Rehabilitation The criminal justice system uses two objectives, these are punishment and rehabilitation. Society looks at these two with high prospects but the question is will the justice system live up to these expectation? The justice system and the community have beliefs on punishment and rehabilitation and how they should or should not work. Each one of these objectives will be addressed. Deterrence of Crime Deterrence theory comes down to if an offender commits a crime the benefit should outweigh the crime itself, if not, the offender will think twice before committing another crime. The deterrence theory does not explain criminal behavior. To prevent crime from happening again the criminal justice system use punishment, but the punishment should outweigh the potential crime. Crime has been a part of society for centuries. The most common form of punishment for the offender is to be put in prison. Many times imprisonment is a temporary fix for offenders. Some people think that rehabilitation is a permanent fix. Rehabilitation can have lasting effect on offenders since it would prevent future crime from happening. Also rehabilitation...
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...Personal development and Academic Skills | Poverty and Crime | Does poverty foster crime? | | SHI Hanwei | 28 September 2012 | Introduction: There has been an ongoing discussion over the relationship between poverty and crime. Some of the researches have concluded that poverty does not increase the crime rate, because in some of the most undeveloped countries where people have low standard of living and some even struggle to survive, the crime rate was proven to be low (Christine 2005). However, in contrast, some scholars have developed a direct relationship between poverty and crime. The researchers indicated that since people who live in poverty are already having a bad life and the benefit of committing a crime is greater than the cost of committing it and ultimately, people who live in poverty is more likely to commit a crime (Niskanen 1996). This essay will examine both perspectives over the relationship between poverty and crime and subjectively suggest possible causes of crime rate. However, since only secondary data are gathered, there might not be sufficient information to present the real issue. Contents of Discussion: In order to prove the direct relationship between poverty and crime, it is crucial to understand the direct influences of poverty and then the potential threats it might oppose to the society. Poverty is defined as the state of having little or no money, goods, or means of support; condition of poor (Dictionary.com 2012). The money is...
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