...Paradox of Affluence The paradox of affluence states that despite the increase in wealth across the nation peoples overall satisfaction has not increased. Even though money is something almost everyone strives for in their everyday life is that what we really want? We work for a promotion, which, in turn, give us more money and buys us things that we think we need. In David Myers’ book, “The Paradox of Affluence: Spiritual Hunger in an Age of Plenty.” Myer’s makes claims that over the last 40 to 50 years the wealth of American’s has tripled while the overall happiness has stills stayed the same. Even though people are buying more and more to supplement their needs and wants they are still not as happy as they think they would be. Commercials play a drastic role in effecting the mindset of individuals into believing something that may or may not be true. For instance, a happy family in an expensive car, watching a super sized television, or going on expensive trips is happier than the poor individual sitting on the couch watching this commercial. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is different from the paradox of affluence because it states that a person’s basic needs must first be met before they can truly be granted happiness. There is a level of order that needs to be gone through before an individual attains happiness. Starting at the bottom of the list would have to be the most basic of needs as in food. Moving higher up the list, an individual would move between safety and even...
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...Task I Read: Ein-Dor, T., Mikulincer, M., Doron, G., & Shaver, P. R. (2010). The attachment paradox: How can so many of us (the insecure ones) have no adaptive advantages? Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5, 123-141. Answer the following questions: 1. What is the paradox in attachment theory? The paradox in attachment theory is that insecure attachment styles such as avoidant and anxious could provide advantageous results in certain living conditions in the same way that a secure attachment style can. Although the original attachment theory according to Bowlby stated only the disadvantages of the then detrimental attachment styles (anxious and avoidant), researchers such as Belsky and Symons found there to be adaptive advantages to these styles with close regard to the fact that these styles have continued to evolve through time. In addition to this, the paradox also raises the matter that social groups containing members with different attachment patterns may be more fit for survival than those of a homogenous group of securely attached individuals. 2. To your opinion, why current theory and research in attachment fail to find adaptive advantages for insecure attachment orientations? It is clear that since the early formation of attachment theories, secure attachment has clearly proven to be the most efficient. If a child isn’t being responded to, attended, nurtured or is consistently cared for, he/she will become insecurely attached. These negative...
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...HB 490 Introduction to Wine Lesson 1: Wine and Health, Wine in History, Wine and Culture, and Serving Alcohol Safely In Vino Sanitas? Wine (and other alcohols) and Health The French Paradox 60 Minutes segment in 1991 Mounting epidemiological evidence that moderate consumption of alcohol is associated with Reduced risk of death Particularly by coronary disease Red Wine was apparently most beneficial The “J” shaped curve 1 Societal Attitudes The French Paradox report came in the midst of a resurgent prohibitionist sentiment This sentiment has not disappeared, but is somewhat less prevalent or obvious today Societal Attitudes To drink or Not to drink? Some believe the healthiest choice is NOT to consume alcohol, while others tout the purported health benefits of alcohol consumption Others, yet, acknowledge the apparent health benefits of moderate alcohol consumption, but hesitate to discuss them as they fear this may lead some may become alcohol dependent to start consuming alcohol Societal Attitudes Much (dis)information on the issue of alcohol and health! You must consider the data critically Interpretations may vary Research is never fully conclusive Scientist not always “value free” Some agencies/authorities have “agendas” 2 Agenda? Visit the websites of these organizations and see if you can establish if they have an agenda relative to wine and health Epidemiology Epidemiology...
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...Turkle chose to begin her essay with a paradox, which was an extremely effective technique. Opening with this paradox, Turkle sets the tone for the rest of her essay; “We live in a technological universe in which we are always communicating. And yet we have sacrificed conversation for mere connection.” (Page 4). From the very beginning, we can assume that Turkle is disappointed in the method of communicating that society has chosen. Through her diction, using “sacrificed” when describing conversation, and “mere” when describing connection, it is evident that she favors conversation, weighing it to be more complex than connection. Turkle intelligently uses ethos to provide the reader with evidence, which she uses to support her claims. Turkle...
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...in the world, largely due to that very fact. We as Americans are blessed to live in a nation that is thriving both politically and socially, both as innovator and steady power, both as a community and as a collection of individuals. The marks of American society have spread far beyond the nation’s borders, with everything from the Big Mac to Steven Spielberg movies to democracy itself making it’s impact felt on this modern world. The name America has become synonymous with freedom, and through this freedom, great wealth, power, and success. And yet history has shown, through the example of democracies like Athens and Rome, that even the greatest of civilizations eventually swerve off course. After reading Patrick Garry’s “An American Paradox: Censorship in a Nation of Free Speech”, Marjorie Heins’ “Not In Front Of The Children”, and various statements from the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), I have come to believe that the unstoppable juggernaut that is America may too be in danger of losing its way. The principles of freedom and human rights that this country was founded and subsequently prospered on are often quickly abandoned in the effort to protect the general public from anything deemed even slightly dangerous. This never-ending barrage on freedom that is censorship makes its presence felt constantly, through daily protests of the latest four-letter-word-spewing rap CD, through news reports of the next teen-to-adult oriented video game to be taken off the shelves, or even...
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...In Chapter 4 of the book Good to Great, Jim Collins asserts that taking good decisions represents one of the key factors for a good organization to become great. The good decisions flowed from the fact that all good-to-great companies made an effort to confront reality, while at the same time maintained absolute faith that they could prevail in the end, regardless of the difficulties. The author calls this the Stockdale Paradox. Collins also states that it is crucial to create a climate where honesty is valued and he continues by offering tips about how to create this environment. By crafting this culture where people have the opportunity to be heard and for the truth to be heard it will not be necessary to motivate people - if you have the right people, they will be self-motivated. In this chapter we particularly noticed an abundance of examples of different companies that were in more similar situations at a specific moment in history, but which then diverged dramatically. We are first given the case of A&P vs. Kroger. A&P was led by Ralph Burger, a CEO who tried to preserve the past and was reluctant to change. For at least 20 years, he followed a past model, ignoring the reality and the changes the present was bringing. The company showed no signs of stability and consistency by often changing strategies and implementing a so-called “scorched earth policy” that did not meet customers’ needs and requirements. On contrary, Kroger, having conducted an extensive research, confronted...
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...Sustaining Life in a Corporate Concrete Jungle Michael Pohling Abstract: This paper analyzes the staggeringly low fertility rate in Singapore and compares it to countries around the world. The research strives to find a highly statistically significant variable through simple linear regression analysis that attributes to the low fertility rate. The paper then provides a logical way to manipulate this variable to promote a sustainable fertility rate for the future growth and development of the country. 1. Introduction It is undeniable that the future of a country depends on the ability of the population to promote a healthy rate of economic and social growth through a sustainable fertility rate. This truth is particularly evident in the country of Singapore because the fertility rate directly attributes to the growth of the completely urban economic environment within the city-state. The estimated total fertility rate of .79 in Singapore is lower than any other country in the world (CIA 2013). This low and downward-trending figure is arguably the single most relevant concurrent issue within the city-state that will have direct negative impact on the economic and social longevity of the country if no solution is found. 2. Discussion and Analysis: Finding the root of the problem A low fertility rate is inherently a self-reinforcing effect in a developed society such as Singapore. As the birthrate falls, the population for each new generation that will mature...
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...response to every new television reality show and every bumper crop of school exam results: society is dumbing down. Scientists have long argued the opposite, pointing to the now widely accepted “Flynn effect”, which shows that over the past century average IQ scores have improved across the developed world, irrespective of class or creed. Now the man who first observed this effect, the psychologist James Flynn, has made another observation: intelligence test scores have stopped rising. Far from indicating that now we really are getting dumber, this may suggest that certain of our cognitive functions have reached — or nearly reached — the upper limits of what they will ever achieve, Professor Flynn believes. In other words, we can’t get much better at the mental tasks we are good at, no matter how hard we try. If we are to make any further progress, we will have to start exercising different parts of our brain, particularly the parts controlling language acquisition and empathy, according to Professor Flynn, an emeritus professor at the University of Otago in New Zealand. So a couple of observations about this. First, the Flynn Effect has been tossed into more IQ arguments than Arthur Jensen has hairs on his eminent head - most always, of course, by the environmentalist left. It has been interesting, if not altogether surprising, to contrast the reaction on the race-realist right to this activity. Has it launched a campaign of outright denial, blatently ignoring...
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...Every day when we wake up, we have one of two choices to make. We can cut off our alarm and get out of bed to start the day, or we can keep on hitting the snooze button and never actually get out of bed. Any given day is filled with these “A or B” choices. Some of these choices are made unconsciously; others are a challenge to decide between one option and another. The “Two Envelope Paradox” focuses on the conscious decision to be made between choice A and choice B. It uses both logic and mathematics to try and answer the age-old debate: to switch or not to switch? Take the scenario A Brief History of the Paradox lays describes. There are two envelopes in front of a woman; envelope A and envelope B. The woman is told that both envelopes contain...
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...BRAND DEVELOPMENT Presentation Paper By: WULAN YUNITA ISTIANILA DEWI (10311085) DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDONESIA 2012 Why it is important to create powerful brands WHAT IS BRANDING? Branding is a name, term, sign, symbol or design, or a combination of them, intended to identify the goods or services of one seller and to differentiate them from those of competitors. Brand often becomes a reason for people to choose the product as the sign or name of the quality level brings to consumers’ preference. Successful brand that is those which are the focus of a coherent blending of marketing resources, represent valuable marketing assets. Although, nowadays lots companies name their product with brands but the challenge of creating powerful and successful brand in grabbing strong positioning in consumers’ mind is exist. THE PURPOSES OF BRANDING Successful brands are valuable because they guarantee future income streams. Companies recognize that loyal customers will repeatedly buy their brands and are also willing to support them during crises, for example when people maliciously tamper with brands. In some instances the rapid response of management and their commitment to communicating developments to the brands’ stakeholders helps to rapidly restore normality. For example, following the tampering with Tylenol tablets enabled the management of Johnson & Johnson to quickly regain public confidence. The ultimate...
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...Does social media shape our identities? Some people believe that social media brings many positive to our lives. While others believe it is full of negativity. Social media impacts our identities by influencing internal and external forces within ourselves and the environment, self-esteem, and causes many psychological concerns. Our self-identities are how we view ourselves as individuals. According to Jim Taylor a professor at the University of San Francisco, self-identity is gained in two ways. One-way identity is gained is by evaluating our own thoughts, feelings, and behaviors based on experiences, current needs, and future goals (Taylor 2011). Second, self-identity can be gained by observing the environment that surrounds...
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...Processes 90 (2012) 424–427 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Behavioural Processes journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/behavproc Short report Discounting the freedom to choose: Implications for the paradox of choice Derek D. Reed ∗ , Brent A. Kaplan, Adam T. Brewer University of Kansas, United States a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Organisms prefer to make their own choices. However, emerging research from behavioral decision making sciences has demonstrated that there are boundaries to the preference for choice. Specifically, many decision makers find an extensive array of choice options to be aversive, often leading to negative emotional states and poor behavioral outcomes. This study examined the degree to which human participants discounted hypothetical rewards that were (a) delayed, (b) probabilistic, and (c) chosen from a large array of options. The present results suggest that the “paradox of choice” effect may be explained within a discounting model for individual patterns of decision making. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Article history: Received 5 December 2011 Received in revised form 14 February 2012 Accepted 27 March 2012 Keywords: Choice Choice overload Discounting Paradox of choice Search costs As described by Catania, “Whatever else is involved in the concept of freedom, it at least involves the availability of alternatives” (p. 89; 1975). Thus, within a behavioral framework, freedom may be loosely...
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...Albert Einstein Albert Einstein had little resistance attending school. Some say that Einstein had dyslexia. Einstein showed language impairments at a very young age. His family believed he may be slow because of the abnormal period of time before he began to talk. Between the ages of two and three Einstein began to speak whole sentences. According to most researchers they believed that Einstein was withdrawn from the world as a boy. When Einstein started school he did surprisingly well. At the age of 16 Einstein failed the college exam the first time plainly because he did not study and later learned that it’s a bad choice to not prepare for a test. Einstein is a clear example of a person who is listed with learning disabilities in today's schools. If you have the right approach to education than labels can’t stop you from making great accomplishments, which is proven by Einstein and others like Thomas Edison, Leonardo de Vinci, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Winston Churchill, and Walt Disney. Einstein made many contributions to mathematics. The first is the Special Theory of Relativity, which essentially deals with the question of whether rest and motion are relative or absolute, and with the consequences of Einstein’s conjecture that they are relative. The second is the General Theory of Relativity, which primarily applies to particles as they accelerate, particularly due to gravitation, and acts as a radical revision of Newton’s theory, predicting important new...
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...Greatly expands the number and variety of edible substances available – Choose what foods to eat together • Create meals – Use utensils • Have rules and manners – Share food – Have standards about who eats with whom Food and Culture, Kittler & Sucher, 4th Edition, ©2004 Food Habits (Food Culture or Foodways) • Refer to the ways in which humans use food – How it is selected, obtained and distributed – Who prepares, serves and eats it • This is part of what makes us human Food and Culture, Kittler & Sucher, 4th Edition, ©2004 Omnivore’s Paradox • Humans can consume and can digest a wide selection of plants and animals found in the surroundings • The advantage is humans can adapt to nearly all earthly environments • The disadvantage is no single food provides the nutrition necessary for survival Food and Culture, Kittler & Sucher, 4th Edition, ©2004 Omnivore’s Paradox (continued) • Dilemma – Humans must be flexible enough to eat a variety of items to maintain...
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...James C Vincent II English comp II Mr. Purkiss 5/3/2012 Paul Laurence Dunbar and the Mask Paul Laurence Dunbar was born in 1872 in Dayton, Ohio. His father was a former slave that escaped slavery and served in the 55th Massachusetts Infantry regiment and the 5th Massachusetts colored Calvary during the civil war. His mother was also a former slave. After his father having 2 kids with his mother he left 2 years later. His father was the main support of the family so after he left his mother had to get a job as a washerwoman. His mother Matilda was very supportive of Paul’s literacy interest. She encouraged her kids to read and learn about poetry. Inspired by his mother Paul began reciting and writing poetry by the age of 6. In high school he was the only African American in his class. His writing skills opened up ideas for him to be class president, editor of the high school newspaper, class poet and president of the literary society. While establishing his self nationally he also had a job temporarily as an elevator operator. He also gained ideas from the slavery stories that his mother and father occasionally told him. He first published his literature when he was 16 years old. He also created a newspaper based on the black community. After finishing high school he could not go right into college due to his lack of tuition funds. However, some of his work were seen by his teachers other college professors. He also gained friendship from Fredrick Douglass who found him a...
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