...Letter to the Editor Page 1 of 3 The health care gap between China and America Xiaoming Gong Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China Correspondence to: Xiaoming Gong. Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. Email: 4407237@qq.com. Submitted Oct 15, 2013. Accepted for publication Jan 20, 2014. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2014.04.04 View this article at: http://www.atmjournal.org/article/view/3720/4635 Having been working for more than ten years in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), I have gotten accustomed to the busy clinical work, been used to the crowded clinic: isn’t this medical work? In 2012, I visited the Cleveland Clinic in the United States. I was astonished to see that the Cleveland Clinic was like a hotel! The health care gap between China and the US is the most treasure thing I’ve learnt during the year I stayed in the US besides medical professionals: there are still too much to learn from American medical service. It’s truly enjoyable for American patients visit clinic. They may fully communicate with the friendly and skilled experts. The root of the gap Does it have anything to do with the population? Not exactly. Data from the World Bank in 2010 showed that there were 1.5 practicing doctors among every 1,000 Chinese, and this number was 2.4 among 1,000 Americans. The difference...
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...Rockefeller in the educational field. And it can not be ignored that he was also a benefactor of medical science. In 1901, he established the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research[91] in New York City. Then he founded the Rochefeller Sanitary Comission in 1909 which eliminated the hookworm disease at last[95]. And the Rockfeller Foundation established in 1913[96] was created to broaden business of Sanitary Commission. It’s purpose is to eliminate the disease, lliteracy and ignorance from all over the world. It helped built numerous medical establishment all around world, such as Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, London School of Hygiene Tropical Medicine and Peking Union Medical College. And there were also countless single researchs achieving success under the fundation’s help. The invention of Penicillin was the most crucial and popular one among these achievments. The total of Rockefeller's lifetime donations had been estimated at approximately $550 million. It is no exaggeration to say that John D. Rockefeller was the pioneer of American charity and also one of the greatest philanthropists in the world’s history. In...
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...Homo erectus were very successful in creating cultural technologies that allowed them to adapt to new environmental opportunities. They were true pioneers in developing human culture and in expanding their geographic range beyond Africa to populate tropical and subtropical zones elsewhere in the Old World. This territorial expansion most likely began around 1.8-1.7 million years ago, coinciding with progressively cooler global temperatures. Surprisingly, however, Homo erectus remained little changed anatomically until about 800,000 years ago. After that time, there apparently were evolutionary developments in features of the head that would become characteristic of modern humans. By half a million years ago, some Homo erectus were able to move into the seasonally cold temperate zones of Asia and Europe. This migration was made possible by greater intelligence and new cultural technologies, probably including better hunting skills and the ability to create fire. Map of the likely Ultimate Range of Homo erectus with the Lake Turkana Region of East Africa highlighted Evolutionary Relationships The earliest Homo erectus were contemporaries of the late Homo habilis in East Africa for several hundred thousand years. This suggests that the immediate ancestor of Homo erectus was an early Homo habilis or possibly another yet to be discovered species of early humans. Homo erectus was a very successful human species, lasting at least 1.5 million years, though their numbers...
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...To improve the patient care, the quality has to be further improved. The most important challenge faced in improving the quality is non uniformity of health care personnel. In addition to that current training and experience of healthcare professionals is relatively low compared to other countries lie America. This low quality is particularly prevalent in rural areas. According to a survey conducted it is noted that many village doctors do not have proper training and had received an average of only 20 months of medical...
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...Case report Cultural differences in truth-telling to cancer patients: Chinese and American approaches to the disclosure of ‘bad news’ Dong Xue1, Jane L Wheeler 2, Amy P Abernethy 2 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing Institute for Cancer Research, Beijing, PR China, 2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA A central challenge of the palliative care clinician, and of the oncologist who sees patients with advance disease, is that of ‘breaking bad news’. As this conversation requires that the clinician divulge extremely sensitive and personal information, and usually incurs an emotional response from the patient, truth-telling to advanced cancer patients is not only a challenging task but also one likely to be handled differently in cultures according to differing norms for interpersonal behavior and communication. China and the United States, with their deepset communitarian vs. individualistic ethics, respectively, typify divergent cultures. This paper discusses cross-cultural differences in norms of truth-telling to cancer patients, that is, the extent to which physicians inform patients themselves of their disease status when prognosis is poor; China and the US are used to illustrating potential differences in approach and consequent...
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...Malaysia’s Foreign Policy (DIS 3113) Tun Abdul Razak: Malaysia-China Relationship Normalization Mej Suresh Vijayaratnam TUDM 814114 Mej Razali bin Ahmad Jumali TUDM 8141138 Introduction TUN ABDUL RAZAK’S BIOGRAPHY Tun Abdul Razak was born in Pulau Keladi, Pahang on March 11, 1922 and is the only child to Dato' Hussein bin Mohd Taib and Hajah Teh Fatimah bt Daud. He was a brilliant student and received his early education at the Malay College Kuala Kangsar in 1934. In 1939, Tun Razak joined the Malay Administrative Service. Thereafter in 1940 he was awarded a scholarship to study at Raffles College in Singapore. His studies at the college ceased with the onset of the Second World War. However Tun Razak left for Britain in 1947 to study law with a Malayan Union scholarship at the age of 25. In 1950 he received a Degree of an Utter Barrister from Lincoln's Inn. Tun Razak was a member of the British Labour Party and a prominent student leader of the Kesatuan Melayu Great Britain (Malay Association of Great Britain) during his student days in England. He also shaped the Malayan Forum, an organisation for Malayan students to discuss their country's political issues. Upon his return, he joined the Malayan Civil Service. Tun Razak joined United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) in 1950 he became the youth chief. He worked as the Assistant State Secretary of Pahang and in February 1955 and at a young age of 33 years, Tun Razak became Pahang's Chief Minister. He won...
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...big Chinese cities where the scarcities of preschool places trigger record fees and has parents scrambling. The crunch first happened in a few state-owned kindergartens, and then on to many more private kindergartens, now some cottage nurseries are overcrowded. And it costs more to send a child to kindergarten today than it does to put him or her through state college. No More Children are allowed For Liu Bo, a migrant worker who runs a sidewalk snack booth in Chisha Village, Haizhu district, Guangzhou. And Yangyang, his three-years-old girl at the preschool age, there isn’t a suitable kindergarten for them in the village. “Not until my wife went to pick up our child from kindergarten and found worms and pebbles in their food twice,” Liu, cradling his girl, said. “I sent my child to the Chi Sha Kindergarten nearby, which was started by private organizers. The next day I took her home.” As a village inside a city, Chisha, not so long ago became an inhabitation where the majority of the “residents” were migrant workers. Thousands of those workers pour into the megacity to pursue a better life, better medical care, and, a solid education. By the end of 2010, there were approximately 90,000 migrant workers living in the Chisha village, according to the village government, and their monthly income just ranges from one to two thousand renminbi ($152 to 304)....
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...Education in the People's Republic of China is a state-run system of public education run by the Ministry of Education. All citizens must attend school for at least nine years. The government provides primary education for six years, starting at age six or seven, followed by six years of secondary education for ages 12 to 18. Some provinces may have five years of primary school but four years for middle school. There are three years of middle school and three years of high school. The Ministry of Education reported a 99 percent attendance rate for primary school and an 80 percent rate for both primary and middle schools. In 1985, the government abolished tax-funded higher education, requiring university applicants to compete for scholarships based on academic ability. In the early 1980s the government allowed the establishment of the first private schools. The population has had on average only 6.2 years of schooling, but in 1986 the government set the goal of nine years of compulsory education for students by the year 2000. The United Nations Development Program reported that in 2003 China had 116,390 kindergarten classes with 613,000 teachers and 20 million students. At that time, there were 425,846 primary schools with 5.7 million teachers and 116.8 million students. General secondary education had 79,490 institutions, 4.5 million teachers, and 85.8 million students. There also were 3,065 specialized secondary schools with 199,000 teachers and 5 million students. Among these...
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...Topic: Advancing the Medical Tourism industry in China Abstract Medical tourism is a lucrative industry but China is losing out in the competition of this challenging industry. The aim of this study is to analyze why China’s medical tourism industry is not performing as well as countries such as India or Thailand, and also to provide insights on how to go about leveraging on certain medical procedures that China have a comparative advantage in performing. This study resulted in two findings. Firstly, there is a lack of hospitals with JCI accreditation which we found out was due to a lack of motivation from public hospitals to do so, and also a lack of transparency in the management of the Chinese hospitals. Secondly, we found that the three medical procedures with the biggest potential to spearhead the success of medical tourism in China are Heart Bypass Surgery, Hip Replacement Surgery and Traditional Chinese Medicine. Keywords: Medical Tourism China JCI Contents Page Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 What is Medical Tourism 1 1.2 Reasons for the popularity of Medical Tourism 2 1.3 Why do patients seek care at medical tourism destinations? 4 1.3.1 Low Cost 4 1.3.2 Avoid Waiting lists 6 1.3.3 Procedure not available in home country 6 1.3.4 Procedures unavailable or restricted by society and/or legal system 7 1.3.5 Tourism and vacations 7 1.3.6 Privacy and Confidentiality 7 Chapter 2 Global Market overview of Medical Tourism Industry 8 ...
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...Impact of the Global Economic Crisis on China’s Migrant Workers: A Survey of 2,700 in 2009 Mark Wang1 Abstract: An Australian geographer examines the effects of the global financial crisis on China’s migrant workers, based on a recent survey of over 2,700 such workers conducted during January–February 2009. The author focuses on the number of migrant workers returning to their home villages for the annual New Year holiday period, the types of workers that were laid off, options available to such workers upon losing employment, and the reasons underlying their subsequent moves. Implications of the findings for labor policy in China are briefly outlined and several directions for future research identified. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: E240, G010, J610, J690. 7 tables, 68 references. Key words: China, global financial crisis, migrant workers, unemployment, globalization, rural development, push factors, manufacturing exports, hukou, migration networks, remittances, Chinese New Year, return migration. INTRODUCTION M igration is closely tied with processes of globalization and the global economy, and China’s rural-to-urban migrant workers have contributed substantially to the country’s economic growth and success. This group of hard-working laborers has made inexpensive “made-in-China” products available in almost every corner of the world. Varying sources estimate that migrant workers2 have contributed 16–24 percent of China’s GDP growth and...
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...翻译资格考试常考高频词汇 One Country, Two Systems 一国两制 One China, One Taiwan 一中一台 Two Chinas 两个中国 Three Direct Links (Mail, Air and Shipping Services and Trade) （两岸）直接三通 23 Million Taiwan Compatriots 两千三百万台湾同胞 Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC) 两会（人大，政协） Three Represents 三个代表 the Important Thought of Three Represents 三个代表重要思想 Woman Pace-Setter 三八红旗手 the Three Major Historical Tasks三大历史任务 the Seven-Year Program to Help 80 Million People Out of Poverty "八七"扶贫攻坚计划 the Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2006-2010) "十一五"计划 the 15th central committee of the communist party of China (CPC) 第十五届中央委员会 17th Party Congress 十七大 the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee 十一届三中全会 South-South Cooperation 南南合作 North-South Dialog 南北对话 Taiwan Independence 台独 "Bring In" and "Going Out" "引进来"和"走出去"政策 patriotic democratic personages爱国民主人士 patriotic united front 爱国统一战线 patriotism 爱国主义精神 live and work in peace and contentment 安居乐业 an enterprising spirit 昂扬向上的精神状态 our compatriots in the Macao SAR (Special Administrative Region) 澳门特别行政区同胞 hegemonism 霸权主义 a hundred flowers blossom 百花齐放 a hundred schools of thought contend 百家争鸣 the stability in border areas 边疆稳定 remote areas 边远地区 a magnificent upsurge 波澜壮阔 extensive and profound 博大精深 never degenerating 不变质 constantly better people's lives 不断提高人民生活水平 unfair and irrational 不公正不合理 shackles of the outdated notions 不合时宜的观念的束缚 an inexhaustible motive force 不竭动力 invincible 不可战胜 an irresistible trend of history 不可阻挡的历史潮流 not lose...
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...EPS Co-ordinators (Batch 2012-14) eps@iimk.ac.in Manjunatha Belgere Ajinkya Lokare Faculty Advisory Board Prof. Kausik Gangopadhyay Prof. Subhasis Dey Prof. A. F. Mathew Prof. Sthanu Nair Prof. Venkat Raman Prof. Rudra Sensarma Editorial Board Biswa Prateem Das Debtanu Dutta Manjunatha Belgere Presented by Economics Politics & Social Sciences Interest Group Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode Editorial After an inspiring success of the inaugural edition, we are very happy to present you the second volume of “Pragati”, magazine from Economics, Politics and Social sciences (EPS) Interest Group of IIM Kozhikode. This time it is much inclusive and much bigger. We received articles from students of the esteemed colleges of India and published the best among them. This is a result of tireless effort and dedication from the student members of the group and endless inspiration and help from the faculty members of our “Faculty Advisory Board”. EPS Interest Group is a cohort of enthusiasts on economic, political and social issues. Main aim of this group is to create awareness about recent related issues and sensitize the community on the importance of human initiatives. As a group we facilitate debate, discussion, article writing, social live projects and other activities. Our teachers always say that creating awareness is the first step of mobilizing people. EPS strives to engage people in various activities to create a vibrant and sensitive human community...
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...www.GetPedia.com History of China: Table of Contents q q Historical Setting The Ancient Dynasties r r r Dawn of History Zhou Period Hundred Schools of Thought q The Imperial Era r r r r r r First Imperial Period Era of Disunity Restoration of Empire Mongolian Interlude Chinese Regain Power Rise of the Manchus q Emergence Of Modern China r r r r r r Western Powers Arrive First Modern Period Opium War, 1839-42 Era of Disunity Taiping Rebellion, 1851-64 Self-Strengthening Movement Hundred Days' Reform and Aftermath Republican Revolution of 1911 q Republican China r r r Nationalism and Communism s Opposing the Warlords s Consolidation under the Guomindang s Rise of the Communists Anti-Japanese War Return to Civil War q People's Republic Of China r r Transition to Socialism, 1953-57 Great Leap Forward, 1958-60 r r r r r Readjustment and Recovery, 1961-65 Cultural Revolution Decade, 1966-76 s Militant Phase, 1966-68 s Ninth National Party Congress to the Demise of Lin Biao, 1969-71 s End of the Era of Mao Zedong, 1972-76 Post-Mao Period, 1976-78 China and the Four Modernizations, 1979-82 Reforms, 1980-88 q References for History of China [ History of China ] [ Timeline ] Historical Setting The History Of China, as documented in ancient writings, dates back some 3,300 years. Modern archaeological studies provide evidence of still more ancient origins in a culture that flourished between 2500 and 2000 B.C....
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...Annual Report 2009 Important Statement The Board of Directors of China Everbright Bank hereby undertakes that all information included in this Report does not contain any false information, misleading statement or material omission. Annual Report 2009 of China Everbright Bank was deliberated and passed at the third meeting of the Fifth Board of Directors of the Bank on March 24th, 2010. KPMG Huazhen audited the Bank’s Annual Financial Statements in accordance with China Standards on Auditing for Certified Public Accountants and issued an unqualified auditor’s report. Board of Directors China Everbright Bank Corporation Limited Contents Message from the Chairman of the Board of Directors 6 Message from the President 8 Message from the Chairman of the Board of Supervisors 10 Major Financial Information 12 Organizational Chart 14 Corporate Governance 18 Meetings of the Board of Directors and Board of Supervisors 21 Directors, Supervisors, Senior Management and Staff 24 Shareholders Profile and Related-Party Transactions 42 Management Report 45 Risk Management 48 Material Issues 57 Social Responsibility Report 58 Public Awards and Honors 60 Report of the Auditors 64 Financial Statements 66 Notes to Financial Statements 76 Address Book of Head Office and Branches 166 Message from the Chairman of the Board of Directors 6 Message...
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...How China rises What lessons can be drawn from China's spectacular and sustained economic growth? As Hu Jintau remarked at the 17th Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, the period since the previous Congress five years ago has been extraordinary. China's economic achievements have been arousing not only astonishment and admiration but also some anxiety. In the past twelve months alone, The People's Republic of China (PRC) has overtaken Canada as the biggest source of imports to the USA, and overtaken the USA as the biggest source of imports to the European Union. Concern about the low level of investment in Africa has been displaced by concern about the effects of the high level of Chinese investment in Africa; there is now even anxiety about the effects of investment by Chinese state-owned firms into the Western economies. The Chinese Communist Party is also expressing concerns. The themes of its 2007 Congress included protection of the environment and the achievement of social harmony. According to some estimates, China has displaced the USA as the world's biggest source of greenhouse gases. Inequality is rising as fast as pollution: China now has over 800 individuals with a personal wealth of more than a hundred million US dollars each, up from 500 in 2006; while the average income in rural areas of China is 480 dollars per year. Made in China. Hu Jintau's remark on the extraordinary nature of the most recent years can be faulted in only one sense: China has...
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