...British stereotypes How do different British stereotypes influence the way we see Britons? If you think of a stereotype, you instantly focus on what it describes. The images you create are then used to recognize both populations and countries, and the stereotype is used as a basic layer to gather information. So, the stereotypes often make the first impression of (for instance) a country. The knowledge is important as it also can give you the will to find out more about the country. This is both positive and negative, because the population is also exposed, which brings us to the question: How do different stereotypes influence the way we see Britons? The British stereotypes influence our vision upon the Britons, by giving us an idea of how they act or behave as human beings. However, some of the allegations are true, but the majority of stereotypes are created as a product of our own imagination. This is why we have to consider whether to believe in the stories or not, and also figure out where these stereotypes origin and why they were made. Stereotypes in general presents a population in a “typical” point of view, as the statements are based on what we know about their society, or what the rest of the world believes. A mental picture A stereotype is a mental picture of a population, where the population is stereotyped because of a common quality. In this context the mental picture doesn’t only affect us, the creators of the stereotypes, but also...
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...[pic] Source: Extracted from Johnson, G, Scholes, K., & Whittington, R. (2008) Introduction The organization chosen for this Analysis is British Airways. Based at Heathrow Airport in London, British Airways is the biggest international airline in the UK. It deals in domestic and international carriage of freight and mail as well as ancillary services. Privatized in 1987, it has continued to increase in growth in spite of stiff competition (Finance Yahoo). This paper analyses the industry and external environment alongside an evaluation of the strategic options of the organization and the change process within the organization as related to the calculation and analysis of the Enterprise Value, to determine the recommended purchase price of the organization. Analysis of the external and Industry environment of British Airways PESTEL analysis Political From the political aspect, government and political instability affect the routes operated by many airline companies. For example, the Arab spring that affected a number of countries in North Africa and the Middle East such as Libya, Syria, Egypt and Tunisia affected British Airways through flight cancellations (Finance Yahoo). Economic Due to global economy recession, the share price of British Airways has fluctuated while insurance costs of British Airways rose because of the fear of terrorism and tighter security checks at the airport (Finance Yahoo). Due to fuel price fluctuations, companies are cutting down...
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...1755 the British and American army lead by General Braddock set off on an expedition to take Fort Duquesne from the French. Several miles away from the fort the Anglo-American army was ambushed by a French and Indian force. This massacre sent shockwaves back to the British soil. The British army was already stretched across the world and did not have the man power to fight and win the war in America against the French and protect the other possessions in the empire. The British royals realized that there was a great solution to this problem. They could send Scottish troops to fight in America in place of British troops. Not only did this remove the threat of another uprising it improved relation with their Scottish counterparts as they provided needed jobs for the worsening economy. Mass recruiting for the first highland regiment bound for America started at the beginning of 1756. They accomplished this by putting up bulletins up all throughout Scotland and the promise of being allowed to use Highland weapons to kill the King’s enemies was enticing for many. (Highlander 10) As a result of the uprising the Highlander clans were forbidden to wear their full plaids or carry weapons under the Prosecution Act. As stated in the book, “only in the king’s service would they be able to have swords, pistols, and war like goods and chase the Indians thro’ the woods.” The first unit create was called the 42nd Foot, which is also the same battalion number for the famous British Black Watch...
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...KEY DATES IN BRITISH HISTORY ROMAN BRITAIN ( 55BC- AD 440) 55-54 BC Caesar lands in Britain THE ANGLO_SAXON AGE (440- 1066) THE MIDDLE-AGES 1066 The battle of Hastings : the Normans conquer England – William the Conqueror 1215 The Magna Carta is imposed upon King John by the barons .( voir dans les fiches sciences po « les textes fondamentaux du Royaume Uni ») The beginning of the Black Death and the plague epidemic 1339 Hundred Years ‘War (till 1453) 1381 The Peasants’Revolt 1455-1485 The War of the Roses ends with the death of Richard III at the batlle of Bosworth. TUDOR BRITAIN (1485- 1603) 1509 Henry VIII ascends the throne and strengthens the power of the monarch 1534 Henry VIII breaks apart with Rome and becomes the Supreme Governor of the Church of England 1536 Henry VIII dissolves the monasteries and Church estates are sold by the Crown 1547 Henry VIII dies. His son Edward VI succeeds him. 1549 The first book of Common Prayer is published 1553 Mary I – « Bloody Mary » (from Scotland ) succeeds to the English throne and devotes her energies to the restauration of the Catholic faith. ( religious trouble) 1558 Elisabeth I ascends the throne 1588 The Spanish Armada is defeated by the fleet of Elisabeth I. 1564 Shakespeare’s birth. 1577 Francis Drake (the first English explorator to the New World) sails from Plymouth heading west ; 1587 A new group of English settlers arrives at Rooanke Island. Birth of the...
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...A royal salute to the Commonwealth Peter Oborne Peter Oborne is British journalist and a political commentator, who also is known for his hard-hitting comments on the hypocrisy of the politicians of today. He has written the article “A royal salute to the Commonwealth” written in 2011. In the article, he expresses his opinion about the Commonwealth. The article is a debate about the Commonwealth, and whether it should be brought to an end or not. In the text, Peter Oborne is praising the Commonwealth, which is an organization that promotes internationality and independence rather than superiority of one dominating country. The praising of the Commonwealth makes it clear to the reader how Peter Oborne feels about this certain topic. Peter Oborne starts by presenting his opinion about the Duke and Duchess' visit to Canada. Already here we know about his view on the Commonwealth and that he thinks Canada is a “fellow country”- he says, "It is like visiting family rather than some foreign country”. This is said to promote the Commonwealth, and to emphasize that every country in the Commonwealth is considered as family. He also uses positive connotations when he describes the Commonwealth “…Such is the invisible strength of the Commonwealth, the association of independent countries”. The use of the positive connotations shows the reader Peter Obone’s view on the Commonwealth. After the introducing and praising of the Commonwealth, Peter starts talking about how some politicians...
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...main factors are Strategic, The individuals in the field, humanitarian issues and properly the most important factor; economics. Economics could be described as the main reason for British interests in Africa to begin with but also remaining an important factor throughout this period. The British involvement in Africa was down to economic reasons; this is clear throughout the time period as most events which take place in Africa can be linked back to economy. One of the most important ecological was the purchase of 44% of the shares in the Suez Canal, these became available when the leader of Egypt; Khedvie Ismali became bankrupt and had to be bailed out. Disraeli bought the Egyptian shares in the canal for £3,976,582 in 1875. The purchasing of these shares was important as it gave Britain influence over this area, but also it opened a direct trade route with India. Due to British and French influence in the area, Britain and France assume dual control of Egypt’s finances. Although they manage to control debt levels, this is done at the expense of the Egyptian public and army. This interference led to an anti - European uprising in 1882 led by Arabi Pasha. On the 13th of September 1882 Sir Garnett Wolseley defeated the Egyptian army, however finding that the Egyptian government was in chaos the British armed forces occupied Egypt to restore stability. This gave Britain a lot of influence over this region which was important as the Suez Canal and therefore trade with India was now...
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...becoming known also as the 7 Years War. It all began when the British government sent troops in to defend the colonists. Many problems arose when the colonist became enraged with imposed taxes and their unrepresented position in parliament. The results of the war were long lasting later leading to the start of the Revolutionary War. The French and Indian War had great economic, political and ideological effects on the American colonies. The political results of the war had many long lasting effects on Britain and the American colonies. English debt lead to unfair taxation of the colonists. After 1763, English colonies began to control the new world. This had a major impact on the political relationship between Britain and the American colonists as it lead to the Proclamation of 1763. Britain's abandonment of their salutary neglect policy created huge political conflict. After the French and Indian War, England found themselves deep in debt. As a result of their debt, they began to strictly regulate trade, and impose taxes on commonly used items. Angered colonists felt this was unjust taxation. Sudden taxation and regulation began to affect the economic relationship between the colonists and the British Mainland. Prior to the French and Indian War, the Wool, Hat, and Iron Acts forced the Americans to ship their raw the material to Britain, only to later buy the finished products from them. Heavy British taxation soon caused the colonists to abandoned mercantilism...
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...The British Colonization in Indian Introduction East India Company, also known as The Honorable East India Company, British East India Company, was a joint-stock company established by the British. On Dec. 31th, 1600, the company was chartered by the Queen Elizabeth as the Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading into the East Indies (Chaudhuri, 2006). The charter in fact gave East India Company a monopoly right for twelve years. During its rule in India, the company not only owned economic monopoly but also assisted the British to realize military expansion. There will first be a discussion about how East India Company assisted British to realize its military expansion in India. Following that, there will be a discussion on how East India Company works as an economic tool of colonial expansion for Britain. Finally, there will be a discussion on how East India Company finally led to the backwardness of the country as well as disaster of the local people. Military expansion The British colonization in India is actually a military expansion, which not only struck some other foreign colonial powers but also led to the elimination of local rulers (Nicholas, 1992). As a result, the colonization in fact had made a preparation for the later centralization of authority. The French army was defeated in the Seven Years’ War in India. As a result, the French no longer dear to expand its power in India, which also prevented the development of its industrial revolution....
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...The new labour government voted into power in Britain in May 1945 was determined to press ahead with political reform in India and there was optimism among nationalist leaders that progress towards independence would quicken. Viceroy Wavell was worried that Labour was too eager to hand over power to congress, which would further raise the anxieties of the Muslim League. In January 1946, the British MPs made a small visit to India without announcing there conclusions, but in private some stated that Pakistan must be conceded to avoid Muslim unrest. Viceroy Wavell was keenly interested in making practical preparations for the eventual unpleasantness of announcing the actual boundary lines. This shows that some of the British leaders did foreshadow the horrific consequences of the partition but they went ahead with it anyway, perhaps believing that it was a better solution than keeping India united. This contrasts with popular writings which claimed that 'the country’s division was a colossal tragedy, a man-made catastrophe brought about by hot-headed and cynical politicians who failed to grasp the implications of division along religious line's '[14]. The writings criticise the politicians for not being perceptive and aware of what the outcome of the partition could be. It places the partition solely in the hands of the clueless politicians, so the partition was not inevitable and the leaders should be blamed for making such a disastrous decision and not thinking about the...
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...people is when it comes to learn foreign languages. As described in the introducing part of the article it’s decisive for Britain’s future economy. Will thinks that the politic situation between Newt Gingrich’s and Mitt Romney has a lot to do with the prejudices that seems to be in the contemporary Britain. The Americans actually mean that it’s not possible to be an American if you’re not able to speak English, because they don’t want to be compared to Europeans, because they seems to have “lack of martial spirit and solidarity with US”. If a population in a country isn’t able to speak foreign languages then they’re forced to stay in the same culture and therefore are their employability chiefly limited. Will Hutton really want to tell the British inhabitants that it’s not just important to be able to handle another language, it’s also really nice to know it because there’s a lot of advantages an example is in text two, where pupils are on an excursion to try out their English on tourists, which makes them able to communicate with other cultures. Gradually has other countries begun to learn English, so whether if the English people needs foreign languages is a debate itself. Not only Europe sees English as a global language, now the Orient sees it as well and because of this view on the English language does the writer David Hughes sense “the rest of the world is coming to our rescue by learning ours”. Susan Purcell doesn’t really agree in that the English people are worse than...
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...colonization and deemed it as a result of overly greedy capitalists seeking new markets. However, another group believed in the acquisition of Africa was to civilize the people in Africa, which they felt, was their ultimate duty. Government officials from different European nations encouraged African acquisition in order to increase and maintain their global influence, others claimed that it was a capitalist misuse of African resources, and people who benefited from this justified their actions arguing that it was their duty to edify and civilize African inhabitants. Many government officials thought in colonizing the continent because they felt that it was necessary to maintain their global influence. For example, Benjamin Disraeli, the British prime minister at the time, read aloud a speech to the House of Commons in 1876 supporting the seizure of the Suez Canal saying that it would “strengthen the empire.” (Document 2) Since Disraeli was a prime minister he would be speaking in favor of the acquisition because it would increase his term and political influence. Prince Leopold, heir to the Belgian throne and future king, African colonization stating that it would be “an opportunity to prove the world that Belgians are also an imperial people capable of dominating and enlightening others.” (Document 1) This statement demonstrates the pressure on the weaker European nations to colonize in order to increase their influence. If other nations did not colonize, Prince Leopold would...
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...ORIGINAL POST 1 – Conditions Faced by Slaves I believe one of the strongest aspects of the film lay in its depiction and explanation of the conditions faced by slaves on the transatlantic ships of the 18th century. The former victim of the slave trade, Olaudah Equiano, gave a horrifying account of the four by four feet compartments in which the salves were forced to stay for weeks. The mention of the blood, feces, and vomit were enough to acquaint us with the realities of the slave trade. This makes the film valuable to the study of history, because it allows us to understand why abolitionism received such popular support in 1787-1788 (Drescher, 43). It brings the “distaste and revulsion that the overseas slave system evoked” (Drescher, 43) right in front of our eyes As well, the brutality and morality of the slave ships was a popular subject for propaganda (Drescher, 49), which the film also portrays effectively. In the scene where Wilberforce commands a crowd of wealthy, affluent people to experience the stench of a slave ship, and continually urges them to “remember”, we can see how the inhumanity against the slaves can be used as a propaganda tool. Also, the scene in which Clarkson brings a set of chains to Wilberforce’s house shows how abolitionists could use this subject matter as an effective argument (52), not entirely outside the realm of propaganda. The film presented a visual reconstruction of the past, in terms of the tactics abolitionists used, and allowed us to...
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...steel, coal, road, rail, air transportation, electricity, and gas were the first big industry changes. Freedom in the industries was thought to be sacrificed for fairness as these industries became under government ownership and control. Next the government enacted new welfare laws to provide education, unemployment compensation, universal healthcare, and support for the elderly. The costs to provide these new programs would be financed through mainly taxes. Finance and banking was left private but highly regulated by the government after WWII as well. These policies were expected to allow for Britain to regain their thrown as the best economy but would ultimately prove to be much less than what was to be expected. The policies of the British government after WWII created problems that were not perceived in the new system. One problem was the inefficiency of work. High taxes and poverty relief programs caused workers to be less productive by providing an incentive to not work since they would make more income at a lower salary or would be taken care of by the government if they did not work. Labor unions caused many strikes and problems in efficiency as well. The unions were organized by what job or profession a worker was a part of and not by where they worked. This union...
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...warfare, and were ignorant and indifferent to the European threats. The Mughal Empire, in control of India at this time, were spread out too thin with many rulers and were not united to handle the onslaught of European influence. The fall of the Mughal Empire in concert with the rise of European power can be described by two main events, with the fall of the structured trade with the ruin of the great Mughal port of Surat, and the possession of the Diwani of Bengal by Britian that gave them economic control in India. All these factors combined to India’s exploitation and soon to administrative authority by European forces. The revolution of international martime trade and the rise of European sea power, the fall of the Mughal trade, and the British grasp of the Diwani of Bengal were the major forces and that eventually led to established European authority in India, lasting until 1947. The first European power that controlled the Indian Ocean during the height of the Mughal Empire was the Portuguese. The Portuguese seizure of power in the Indian Ocean at the beginning of the sixteenth century was due to their great skills in navigation and...
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...had noticed that there were very few buildings built in that design anywhere else in Singapore. When you walked a couple of hundred meters from where Sir Stamford Raffles landed, at the Singapore River, you will able to catch a glance on this historical building. It was surrounded with all the important government buildings of the old Singapore, such as the Supreme Court and Parliament House. It overlooks the historical Padang, the location for many important event to be hold – like the National Day Parades. This historical building had impressed me a lot. It was the seat of the British Government of Singapore and in the earlier times was the centre of government. It had been an important building where the Prime Minister’s office also housed in this building. There were several milestones events had been carried out within this building including the matter of Japanese surrendered to the British in 1946. Moreover, most of the important announcements with regard to the country were made from the building. The physical structure of the building was made up of solid granite and similar like most of the old buildings, is able to withstand bombardment. This can be proven through the process of how it was survived the Japanese bombardment during the World Wall II. The pillar of the building was placed in a neat way that portrayed a sharp angle view of the building. Many tourists like to use the view of the building as their background when filming or snapping pictures. The surroundings...
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