.... Sky Trailhead is located within an unburned Coastal Scrub community. Douglas fir, pine, various scrub plant species, and shrubs inhabit the unburned section of the forest. Due to fire suppression policies in this area, pines grow older than usual and dwarf mistletoe (Genus Arceuthobium) is able to attack larger sized trees. Older, larger trees also show more heart rot. This coastal forest has an infrequent and high severity fire regime due to wet conditions, so the fire regime is climate limited rather than fuel limited. The infrequent fire regime allows for surface and ladder fuel accumulation. Tomales Bay State Park encompasses an unburned bishop pine forest. This area consists of old unburned bishop pine trees. The bark beetle genus Ips...
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...LAYOUT OF A TYPICAL 18YH CENTURY PLANTATION According to Claypole plantation lands were divided into several sections: cane fields, pastures lands, woodlands, provision grounds, work yards and living quarters for managers and labourers. Most plantations had from three to five cane fields, each surrounded by closely trimmed trees and walls made of lumber or stone wall to protect the crop from cattle. Each field was divided by narrow roads into smaller square plots of 6-9 hectares. This made it easier to manage the gangs that were cutting the cane and the movement to the work yard. According to Hamilton Wille the pastures lands were areas that was reserved for animals, mainly cattle, horses and mules ,and were extremely important. They provided manure for the cane fields and vegetable plots, and some could be even slaughtered to provide meat for supplement the diet of the estate population. The woodland provided lumber for the estate. Lumber was used for a various purposes such as the construction of buildings as well as fuel for the boilers and for cooking. Provisions grounds were unused lands and were generally cultivated on marginal lands, and were extremely important to both the planters and to the slaves. Caribbean history for cxc, Provisions grounds were poor lands on the plantation given to the slaves so that they may grow their own food, working the ground in whatever free time they were given and on Sundays. This was meant to decrease the cost...
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...Connecticut declared towering pines a wilderness preserve in 1968. At one time, towering pines was a beautiful two hundred acre wilderness preserve. It was home too many 250 year old White Pine trees, dating back too the 18th century. The trees stood up too 150 ft. tall with walking trails laid out for tourists and residential people. The trees also stood as a scientist resource for Botanists and science students. When Towering Pines Charter was written in 1968, it stated: WHEREAS the residents of Hammond, Connecticut, have enjoyed the beauty and quiet of the area commonly called “Towering Pines” since the town’s establishment in 1814: WHEREAS: Towering Pines” has serves these same residents of Hammond as an important educational resource; WHEREAS “Towering Pines” has been Recognized as ecologically significant by respected authorities: WHEREAS on this day we celebrate not only our freedom as Americans but also those recourses hat renew us and thereby support our freedom; We, the residents of Hammond, Connecticut, Hereby decree “Towering Pines” a wilderness preserve to be maintained by ourselves, and not to be changed or altered by human hands, excepting the work necessary to the maintenance of its health and continued value.( 1968 Charter) After reading all of this it failed to mention on thing. It did not mention what should happen if the forest is destroyed because of a natural disaster. Before I finished reading all the interviews and content on “Towering Pines” I was leaning toward...
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...“a voice cries faint as in a dream,” a simile is used, comparing a voice’s quiet sound to one you would hear while dreaming. This makes it easy for the reader to imagine how strong this wall is, blocking out so much sound that the heard voice is as faint as in a dream. Poem #2: Poem About Your Laugh by Susan Glickman This poem presents a lot of imagery, mostly figurative rather than literal. The poem proves this point from the very beginning, stating that when this person laughs, “it is all unsynchronized clocks in the watchmaker’s shop.” This is a metaphor, showing how striking this person’s laugh is, relating it to a ring in your ears that could almost hurt. The following line states that when this person laughs, “innumerable pine trees shed their needles at...
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...primitive characteristic in the plant kingdom, because it has characteristics of early ages in the history of mankind. Question 2 a). Dioecious means having the male and female reproductive organs are borne on separate individual plants. Question 3 a). The needles are arranged vertically pointed up, outwards, and are stuck close to one another; attached in clusters. b). In a bundle, there are two leaves in a bundle. c). Pine leaves have needles, instead of flat leaves, like the broad-leaved trees. The needles help to survive winter’s hardship. For example, the needles cut evaporation so trees can save water, which is very useful during the winter season. Broad leaves trees, produce new leaves every spring. Photosynthesis occurs rapid in broad- leaved trees, unlike the pine leaves. d). Pines are called evergreens because the tree does not shed its leaves during the fall, they stay green all year around. e). Pine roots and fir are some plants that we’ve studied in the lab that are evergreen. f). Function: • Resin duct: secrets resin to protect pine needle plants from insects and other animals that try and eat it. • Stoma: tiny openings which allow gas exchange necessary for cellular processes; photosynthesis. • Epidermis: It protects against water loss, functions in gas exchange; oxygen and carbon dioxide, and helps keep its structure. • Photosynthetic...
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...By By Leadership and the Pine Tree | AbstractThis assignment looks into the qualities of the Pine Tree, from personal experience and intuition and from ancient teachings and tries to relate it to the qualities a leader must possess in order to be successful in life Mayukh Biswas | B14033 | Leadership and the Pine Tree | AbstractThis assignment looks into the qualities of the Pine Tree, from personal experience and intuition and from ancient teachings and tries to relate it to the qualities a leader must possess in order to be successful in life Mayukh Biswas | B14033 | “Letting go gives us freedom, And freedom is the only condition for happiness” - Thich Nhat Hanh We spend each and every day of our life in the mad rush towards success. Yet we are not satisfied with our life. There always seems to be something missing. As Thich Nhat Hanh correctly points out, happiness can only be attained by gaining freedom. And freedom comes only when we let go of everything, including our thoughts. “A person’s mind is so powerful, it can invent, create, experience and destroy things with thoughts alone” A person who desires freedom has to realize the fact that it is not him who controls his thoughts, but his thoughts who control him. Our thoughts are in command and we unknowingly have become its slaves. This fact can be related to our everyday lives. For instance, I have an assignment to write for the subject “Zen and the Executive Mind”. I freshen up after an entire day...
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...It was a warm, cloudy, winter day in Gordon, Wisconsin. The trees were leafless and brown, with the exception of the pine trees which had all their green needles still hanging on to the tree. Julianne, Anja and their dog Flynn were going out to their fort by the river that flowed behind their house. Julianne Huesby was a thirteen-year-old girl. She was tall, slim and blond. She also had a kind personality and was not quick to anger. Anja Huesby, Julianne’s sister, was also tall and blond. She was fifteen and had a more broad physique. She too had a kind temperament and could always be counted on to settle a fight if it wasn’t between her and Julianne. Flynn on the other hand was a dog. He was a two-year-old sheltie-spaniel mix which...
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...buys timber. That is, timber is part of the cost of goods sold for GPC and, as such, is an expense. You ask GPC’s controller, Pat Smith, why GPC is recognizing timber revenue? Pat informs you that GPC began diversifying its operations a few years ago. A natural extension of its business seemed to be growing and selling timber. So, five years ago, GPC bought 10,000 acres of land in Alabama and Mississippi for purposes of growing timber. The land was purchased from a previous timber grower that had recently harvested its timber. Immediately after purchasing the land, GPC planted pine tree seedlings on all 10,000 acres. You ask Pat what is the typical growing time for pine trees? Pat informs you that under normal circumstances the growing time from seedling to a mature pine tree ready for harvesting is about 20 years. From this, it is clear to you that GPC did not harvest and sell any of its pine trees in 2011. You next ask Pat why...
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...the cabins, and then a couple of miles down the road there’s a large standing pond just off to the side of the road. The main abiotic factor is the sun, which is where all the living organisms derive their energy from. Energy is another abiotic factor. The plants derive energy directly from the sun, whereas the animals get their energy indirectly from the sun by eating the plants or other animals that ate the plants. My daughter and I did my observation on February 18, 2014 from 11:45 a.m. to 1:45 p.m. It was a clear, windless day and the temperature was 57.2 degrees with the humidity of 33%. We started our observations in the wooded area around my parent’s cabin and the outlying trails. The soil was light brown dirt covered with pine needles, pine...
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...RATIONALE MY reason for doing this topic is to find out about the sugar plantation and how it started, and how it got known around the world and understands how a sugar plantation works, and how sugarcane was converted to MASCAVODO SUGAR. INTRODUCTION THIS S.B.A is based on activities that took place on an 18th century sugar-cane plantation in the West Indies it was structured the jobs. THE various jobs during in-crop and out-crop seasons, it will also provide information on the roles that the slaves played and sugar –cane was converted to MUSCOVADO sugar. THE sugar - cane plant was the main crop produced on the numerous plantations throughout the Caribbean through the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries, as almost every island was covered with sugar plantations and mills for refining the cane for its sweet properties. Layout of the 18th century plantation West Indian sugar estates varied in size from a few hundred to several thousand acres, according to soil, climatic and physical geographical conditions. An average estate measured about five hundred acres and was laid out according to an almost regular pattern. THE estate land consisted of a number of clearly defined parts. In the hey-day of plantation agriculture, the greater part of the estate was devoted to sugar-cane cultivation. This portion was usually the best land since the...
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...Kylie Airaudi Professor Pelky EN211B 07 September 2013 Purity of Rust and Branches The Upper Peninsula as a whole is a snippet of tranquility that was carved from our founders, and the founders before them; which are more commonly known as the boulders, river beds, moose, and mosquitos. The most spectacular section of this piece of heaven lies approximately 390 feet southeast of the center of Negaunee (Google Maps). This is where you will find the remains of what was once a booming small town neighborhood, which now “booms” with the transformation that is accredited to nature itself. In the early 1940’s nearly half of the city of Negaunee was closed off due to the extensive underground mining. The town was forced to relocate because of the risk of caving. Luckily for us, the former caving grounds have been deemed safe for the public and re-opened in recent years (City of Negaunee). This is quite obviously appealing to the history buffs, but more importantly to those that believe that nature has a mysterious and whimsical voice. Thankfully, we have many people here that get a buzz from the way the world speaks. While walking in to my naturalistic solace and playground, I tried to look at it with a new eye. Instead of just finding peace in the journey of falling leaves and comfort in the swaying branches, I attempted to observe in detail. The very first thing I noticed as I walked past a long staircase to nowhere, was that a small squirrel was perched on the lowest...
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...Typical Sugar Plantation LAYOUT OF A TYPICAL 18YH CENTURY PLANTATION According to Claypole plantation lands were divided into several sections: cane fields, pastures lands, woodlands, provision grounds, work yards and living quarters for managers and labourers. Most plantations had from three to five cane fields, each surrounded by closely trimmed trees and walls made of lumber or stone wall to protect the crop from cattle. Each field was divided by narrow roads into smaller square plots of 6-9 hectares. This made it easier to manage the gangs that were cutting the cane and the movement to the work yard. According to Hamilton Wille the pastures lands were areas that was reserved for animals, mainly cattle, horses and mules ,and were extremely important. They provided manure for the cane fields and vegetable plots, and some could be even slaughtered to provide meat for supplement the diet of the estate population. The woodland provided lumber for the estate. Lumber was used for a various purposes such as the construction of buildings as well as fuel for the boilers and for cooking. Provisions grounds were unused lands and were generally cultivated on marginal lands, and were extremely important to both the planters and to the slaves. Caribbean history for cxc, Provisions grounds were poor lands on the plantation given to the slaves so that they may grow their own food, working the ground in whatever free time they were given and on Sundays. This was...
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.... At 5:30 am the slaves would be sent to the fields with their breakfast. A register would be called and if a slave was absent he would be beaten. Their breakfast at 8:00, consisted of Boiled Yam, Eddoes and Okra which were all seasoned with Salt and Pepper. Work on the sugar Plantation now started, this is where the majority of the Slaves worked. It continued till 12:00 and was a very tiring time. The sugar cane can range from a height of 4 feet to 12 feet or more. Knives were used to cut the stems of the cane and then were at the end of the day, carried to a sugar mill. Here a different set of workers would squeeze the sugar cane to get the precious juice that is used to create sugar. This was a very important job so the smallest mistakes would be punished severely. From 12:00 to 2:00 pm the slaves were allowed to leave their work and have dinner. These often consisted of meaty dishes, as they contain lots of protein which is needed to use muscle. .From 2:00 to 6:00 the slaves had to continue with their work. This was often the time when problems would occur. Many weak slaves would faint in the evenings from extreme heat, and overworking. If this was to happen they would be whipped. At 6:00 the slaves were allowed to return to their huts. After eating bread and butter, or some other light dinner at their hut, they would either be sent to bed, or in the summer forced to work in the boiling house. 3. When the African Slaves were enslaved, they sang slave songs. Some...
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...Fall - A Time Transition The fall season has many meanings for me. It is a time of transition that takes us from warm balmy days to the more harsh weather of winter. It's a time that takes us from the spectacle of nature in full bloom, to nature in hibernation. The signs of this transition are everywhere. The vivid colors of summer fade away, the color of the sky changes from deep blue to gray. The green fades from the grass and plants lose their blossoms. The leaves on the trees turn color, and lose their grip. Insects disappear. It's the tune of year that signifies the end of summer and vacations. No more picnics, swimming, baseball, tennis, and a myriad of other activities that most of us enjoy in the outdoors. It signals that during the next few months we will have to endure weather conditions that are not conducive to spending quality time outdoors enjoying nature. The knowledge of this seasonal period of transition awakens, in me, a more keen awareness of my surroundings than at any other time of year. The deeper appreciation comes from knowing that the good weather days are coming to an end. The fall season conjures up all sorts of analogies in my mind. For example, football and basketball games are divided into four quarters, a dollar is divided by four quarters, the calendar year is divided into four quarters, and the human life span might also be divided into four 20 year parts, assuming that we live an average of 80 years. In all these examples, the third period precedes...
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...On a typical 18th century sugar plantation was divided into several sections each for their own different purpose. A portion was used for the cane fields, pastures, woodlands, provision grounds, work yards and living quarters for managers and labour. According to Claypole and Robottom, most plantations had from three to live cane fields each surrounded by a closely trimmed hedge or stone wall to keep out cattle. Each year one was generally left fallow another grows a second crop of rations and the others were planted with new canes. Each field was divided by narrow roads into smaller square plots of 6-9 hectares. This made it easier for the overseer to control the rate of the slave gangs’ work and to organize the movement of cut cane to the wok yard. [Caribbean Story Book 1 3rd Editionp.96]. “The sugar work yard consisted of the mill, boiling house, curing house, distillery, trash house and workshops for skilled craftsmen like black smith and carpenters”[A Study and Revision Guide for CXC Caribbean History p.35], stood in the middle of the cane fields. The factory buildings were closely positioned to prevent having to travel far distance from one place to another. Woodland was a very essential source on the plantation site. It hold many uses. According to Hamilton-Willie, The woodland provided lumber for building purposes, as well as fuel for the boilers, and for cooking. . [A study and Revision Guide for CXC Caribbean History p. 35]. Provision grounds...
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