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Polymerase Chain Reaction Lab Report

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The polymerase chain reaction is a laboratory process in which a specific sequence of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is amplified producing many copies of the specific DNA sequence. However, their must be components such as (DNA template, primers, DNA polymerase, deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTP’s), buffer solution, and magnesium chloride salt solution) are required to carry out the process which undergoes through three major stages to make the copies of DNA segment. First stage is denaturation, after that annealing, then extension. However, this can be done if and only if the 3’ and 5’ ends are known, this helps in initiating DNA synthesis in which it is ensured that two short oligonucleotides acts as primer will anneal onto DNA strands. Polymerase chain reaction process is used as a diagnostic and research tool due to the fact that it can be done within a few hours which makes it a rapid assay. …show more content…
The components are mixed together in a tiny volume tube. In the first step the double strands of the DNA are separated into single strand by denaturation at 90 Celsius. After that is annealing which occur at 55-60 Celsius. An excess amount of primers are attached to their corresponding sequence on the original DNA strand to inhibit making double stranded DNA. The final step is extension, where the Thermus aquaticus binds to the annealed primer and use deoxyribonucelotide triphosphate and other reaction mixture to add its complementary nucleotides to the single stranded DNA. After completion of the process the entire mixture is reheated to start the process again on the newly formed

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