...US Persons Employed in Educational Administrative Services Introduction: Using historical data, predictions were made using Crystal Ball Predicator for persons employed in educational administrative services in the United States. The predictions were made by comparing the total number of persons in the US workforce, the number of men, and the number of women in educational services. The data set analyzed for Crystal Ball Predictor is comprised of historical data provided by the United States Census Bureau. The ranges of dates for the data begin in 2000 and ended in the year 2010. Respectively, the predictions began in 2011 and ended in 2020. The charts provided in this summary were generated by a report within Crystal Ball Predictor. Additional historical information and more recent data were gathered from the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. The writer of this summary compared the Crystal Ball predictions with predictions provided by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics. While the percentages of the Crystal Ball Predictor slightly varied, the Crystal Ball Predictor and United States Bureau of Labor Statistics predictions provided similar conclusions. Crystal Ball Predictor and the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (How do they compare) Female compared to Males in Education Services The data set suggest that there are more female educational administrators compared to men, however, the data also suggest that the male population is steadily growing. Compared...
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...circumscribed powers. The President is elected by Parliament and the Prime Minister is a Member of Parliament. The Prime Minister appoints and heads a Cabinet of Ministers which is collectively responsible to Parliament. The Unicameral Parliament is the supreme legislative authority as well as the ultimate repository of public accountability. The Executive is organized on the basis of Ministries and within Ministries, by divisions. The system is two tiered: the Secretariat is responsible for policy, and oversight and coordination of government departments, agencies, district administration. A politically appointed Minister heads each Ministry, while a permanent civil servant is the Ministry’s administrative head and Chief Accounting Officer. . How does the administrative structure look like? -Central Admin (Secretariat and other government departments at the centre) -Divisional Admin -District Admin -Upazila Admin -Union (No. Government official) Under the close supervision of the district administration, there is a local government system composed of elected union parishads and municipal pourashavas and appointed thana and district committees. The local authorities have little capacity or authority to collect revenues and depend heavily on central government transfers. While some reform of local government aimed at putting in place a new system of elected local councils has been initiated, progress has been slow and is still incomplete. The central government...
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...The high increase in the cost of health care has left many Americans struggling to pay their medical bills. Workers are complaining they are not able to afford the high premiums for health insurance. Many employers are cutting back as well as doing away with health benefits, which are causing millions of more people to be in the uninsured position. With programs such as Medicare and Medicaid, the federal government and state are lacking to meet the increasing costs. In the United States, the health care costs are a lot higher than other advanced nation. According to The Common Wealth Fund, the number of uninsured went from “39.8 million to 43.6 million,” a 9.5 percent jump, from the year 2000 to 2002. (Davis, 2004) “Rising health care costs are a problem for all Americans, but they weigh especially heavily on uninsured and “underinsured” individuals, who pay much of the cost of their health care directly out-of-pocket.” (The Common Wealth Fund, 2004) The higher the costs are to patients, will result in the underuse of suitable care and cause a great financial burden on the sick. After some thoroughly research, I have found that the Single-Payer Health System is the way for the future in the United States. We are no longer able to afford and/or tolerate careless spending on care that is not beneficial to patients or the repeat of over costly and unnecessary procedures. Below is a chart from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, showing the number of persons without...
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...INTRODUCTION The budget is the financial expression of the project and should accurately reflect the costs of the proposed research/education/service program. The budget justification provides the sponsor agency and reviewers of the application with information such as why costs are programmatically necessary and how they are calculatced. Reviewers will analyze the financial data to determine if the proposed costs are allocable to the program, allowable under federal cost principles or non-federal sponsor guidelines (whichever is applicable), reasonable and treated consistently by the institution and similar organizations. When the University receives an award, the approved budget items become part of the agreement between the University and the sponsor. Only those costs that are included in the budget or re-budgeted costs allowed by the sponsor should be directly charged to the award. If the cost requires prior institutional and/or sponsor approval after the award is made, the approval must be secured before the cost is incurred. Therefore, it is important to develop a budget that will enable the PI to fulfill all of the programmatic requirements of the project. A budget and budget justification must be provided for: • Proposed direct costs • Proposed cost share • Estimated program income, including projected revenue and expenditures • Facilities and Administration (F&A or Indirect Costs) FUNDING SOURCES One of the first steps in developing a budget is...
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...of leadership in higher education from the perspectives of women who hold leadership positions at community colleges in west Texas. Traditionally, higher education has been a male-dominated field which made it difficult for women to attain administrative positions. However, in today’s community colleges, women hold 50% of the leadership positions at community colleges in the United States, which shows the openness of community colleges to accept women in leadership positions. Additionally, the number of administrators projected to retire from community colleges in the near future illustrates that opportunities...
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...WOMEN IN POLITICS AND PUBLIC LIFE IN GHANA By Beatrix Allah Mensah AUTHOR: Beatrix Allah-Mensah Department of Political Science University of Ghana, Legon ISBN: 9988-572-87-5 © Copyright Friedrich-Ebert-Foundation, Accra Published in 2005 Printed & designed by O´Mens Graphix, Accra, Tel.:021-238098 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I wish to acknowledge the contribution of all those who made this project a success. First, I give glory to the Almighty God for bringing me this far in my academic and professional pursuit. Secondly, I express my thanks to all my lecturers in the Department of Political Science, University of Ghana, who have nurtured me onto this path of professional and academic life. Thirdly, I am grateful to all our key informant interviewees from all the institutions/ministries/political parties who gave us their time and valuable information used for this study. Fourthly, I wish to sincerely acknowledge the contribution of my research assistants, Alfred Appiah and Nimingah Beka, national service personnel of the Department of Political Science for their dedicated service during the data collection. Finally, I would like to express my thanks to the Friedrich Ebert Foundation (FES) for commissioning this study and giving me the opportunity to carry it out with financial and institutional support. I would like to state that, except for quotations or references which have been dully acknowledged, this is the result of a research I conducted personally. God Bless all...
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...Sexual Harassment in the Workplace EXPERIENCES OF WOMEN IN THE HEALTH SECTOR Paramita Chaudhuri Health and Population Innovation Fellowship Programme Working Paper, No. 1 This report is the result of a project entitled “Understanding Sexual Harassment in the Health Sector,” undertaken as part of the Health and Population Innovation Fellowship (HPIF) awarded to the author in 2004. The HPIF programme is administered by the Population Council, New Delhi and is a continuation of the MacArthur Foundation’s Fund for Leadership Development (FLD) fellowship programme that continued over the period 1995 to 2004. The Council is grateful to the MacArthur Foundation for its support to this programme. The HPIF programme aims to support mid-career individuals who have innovative ideas, leadership potential, and the capacity to help shape policy and public debate in the field of population, reproductive health and rights in general, with a focus on two priority themes – maternal mortality and morbidity, and the sexual and reproductive health and rights of young people. Since the transfer of the programme to the Population Council through 2006, a total of 17 individuals have been supported under the HPIF programme. For additional copies of this report, please contact: Paramita Chaudhuri Senior Programme Officer Sanhita 89B Raja Basanto Roy Road Kolkata 700 029 Email: sanhita@cal.vsnl.net.in Phone: 033-24227965 Population Council Zone 5A, Ground Floor India Habitat Centre, Lodi Road...
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...THE EFFECTS OF EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY AND AFFIRMATIVE ACTION IN WOMEN SPORTS March, 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page i Table of Contents …..……………………………………………………………………2 Section I. Introduction 3 Section II. Review of Literature 4 Equal Employment Opportunity Laws 4 Affirmative Action 6 Effects of EEO and AA on Women Sports 7 Effects on EEO and AA on women playing sports 7 Effects of EEO and AA on women coaching sports 9 Effects of EEO and AA on women in administration………………...11 Section III. Summary and Conclusions 14 References ............... 17 INTRODUCTION Women in sports have indeed come a long way. Years ago it was socially unacceptable for women to do anything other than cook and clean. Men dominated the work place and the sports industry. But eventually women got fed up with being treated less significant than their male counterparts and began protesting. Not until the mid-1950s and early 1960s did nondiscriminatory employment become a strong social concern (Bohlander & Snell, 2004). While women were just beginning to make a name for themselves, the government began regulating Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) by passing a series of laws, in an attempt to correct social problems of interest to particular groups of workers, including women. EEO laws have made a major impact on women in all industries, but especially on women in sports. While EEO laws focused on non-discrimination, affirmative action went beyond...
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...can decrease and their profits increase. Casual employment is an alternative to full time employment which organisations can offer and it also allows for their costs to be cut back on. Casualisation is also known as insecure work (ADD MORE INFO), which has also experienced an increase and has been attributed to the use of a business model in which the ‘risks associated with work’ are shifted from the employer to the employee (Lives on hold). Shift away from full time employment can be linked to factors such as phases of the business cycle, the increasing participation of women and students in the labour market and structural changes in the composition of industries and occupations (Allan et al., 2001, p.750). Move towards non-standard employment arrangements. Managers seek numeric flexibility to control and manage labour costs by matching employee numbers to fluctuations in demand for their products and services (Nesbit, p.326). An important factor to consider...
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...Re: Chocolate Manufacturers Association of the United States v. John R. Block, Secretary, U.S. Department of Agriculture; Samuel J. Cornelius, Food and Nutrition Service and U.S. Department of Agriculture 755 F. 2nd 1098 (1985) Facts of the case: The Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), published a rule, for comment, that proposed a maximum sugar content specifically for authorized cereals used in the Special Supplement Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC Program) ( Chocolate Manufacturers Association v. Block). Under WIC, the USDA designs food packages reflecting the different nutritional needs of women, infants, and children and provides grants to state or local agencies to distribute cash or vouchers to qualifying individuals in accordance with the Departmental regulations regarding the quantity and type of food ( Chocolate Manufacturers Association v. Block). In addition to the rule, the USDA published a preamble which discussed the general purpose of the rule and problems associated with high sugar foods. Neither the proposed rule nor its preamble discussed sugar in relation to flavored milk, although the rule did include flavored milk in the list of approved food packages for women and children without special dietary needs ( Chocolate Manufacturers Association v. Block). Responding to public comments, the USDA deleted flavored milk from the approved packages list in the final rule (Chocolate Manufacturers...
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...Email : serimutiaraspa@gmail.com EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 INTRODUCTION Professional women today must juggle a great deal of responsibilities in the home and in the workplace. Women with schedules that are stretched very thin lack the personal relaxation and balance that their bodies and minds require to be healthy. Currently, busy women often use day spas in an attempt to fulfill their physical needs for relaxation and stress relief. However, day spas, and the services they provide, are becoming more and more uniform only offering the basic massages, facials, and body wraps. Most women feel that if they have been to one day spa for physical relaxation, they have been to them all. Isn’t there a better relaxation solution out there that caters to both the physical and emotional relaxation needs of today’s modern woman? The answer is yes, and the solution is Seri Mutiara Spa. isn’t a day spa for professional women it is a wellness facility centered on its signature Asian Wellness Springs. Seri Mutiara Spa goes beyond the services provided by a day spa by offering its female guests access to the Wellness Springs and specialty saunas, in addition to unique spa services and a retail center. 1.1 NAME OF THE COMPANY : Seri Mutiara Spa, Mutiara Inn. 1.2 NATURE OF BUSINESS : Seri Mutiara Spa is a company that focuses on services. We specialize in producing quality services. 1.3 INDUSTRY PROFILE: The principal activities of the Company consist of general...
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...This paradox states that although women earn less than men, their satisfaction with the payment seems to be higher than in the men’s case – despite of disadvantages such as job security and content, promotion opportunities and sexual harassment (Crosby, 1982). Also, the author explains that these gaps vary from institution to institution. The purpose of the article is to contribute to the small amount of the existing job satisfaction research for men and women working at higher education institutions. The study described in the paper focuses on the satisfaction levels of two groups of University A staff – the administrative and academic teaching staff. Despite all efforts in the past, gender pay gap has persisted to the present time and takes place even at higher education institutions in the UK, where a clear agenda on pay equality, as negotiated by various organizations and unions, should exist (Smith, 2008, p. 622). Still, studies show the existence of pay gaps between genders and conclude that women have less promotion opportunities and a lower chance to earn as much as their equally ranked male colleagues (Blackaby et al., 2005). Studies were conducted on different universities and show different results, ranging between a pay gap of 34.7% to the disadvantage of women to small pay gaps to their advantage. A commonly seen pattern is that older/bigger universities tend to be the ones with the bigger salary inequalities amongst men and women, while newer/smaller universities...
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...SEX DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT Fifth Edition Maryland Commission for Women 311 W. Saratoga St. Ste 272 Baltimore, MD 21201 410-767-3049 The Women’s Law Center, Inc. Copyright: 1982, 1986, 1995, 2001, 2008 The Women’s Law Center, Inc. Sex Discrimination in Employment Fifth Edition Revisions Provided By: Jill Wrigley, Women’s Law Center of Maryland With Editorial Assistance From: L. Tracy Brown, Women’s Law Center of Maryland Laurence Ruth, Women’s Law Center of Maryland Jessica Morgan, Women’s Law Center of Maryland Funding for production and distribution of the fifth edition was provided by Open Society Institute, Baltimore Community Foundation, The Marjorie Cook Family Foundation and Brown, Goldstein & Levy, LLP. Fourth Edition Revisions Provided By: Kevin O’Connor of Ober, Kaler Grimes & Shriver Melvina C. Ford, Women’s Law Center of Maryland With Editorial Assistance From: Denise Davis, Women’s Law Center of Maryland Funding for production and distribution of the fourth edition was provided by the Maryland Legal Assistance Network and Maryland Legal Services Corporation. Third Edition Written By: Rieyn Delony Sally L. Swann Louise Dean Williams With Editorial Assistance From: Robyn Mazur Kathleen Fantom Shemer Funding for production and distribution of the third edition was provided by the Baltimore Bar Foundation and the Marjorie Cook Foundation. Second Edition Written By: Kathleen Fantom Shemer With Editorial Assistance From: Jane Murphy Carol Polowy Emily Rody...
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...interest of females. From ancient times, the empowerment of women was perceived as a taboo by numerous cultures. In those cultures the subject of women being entitled to live in dignity and total freedom was prohibited. As such, there were violence against women, economic and political discrimination and other forms of inequalities that were deemed acceptable. “Gender equality refers to a situation where both men and women have equal rights and opportunities at all times and where this concept is recognized and respected by all members of society” (Woman Powah, 2007)During the eighteenth century, a considerable amount of recognition was given to the ‘rights of women’, since, the empowerment of these individuals were seem as crucial for contributing to the health of productivity of whole families and communities which would consequently give rise to improved new generation. In Europe during the eighteenth century, gender equality gained political social and philosophical attention when Olympe de Gouges published the Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizens, modeled on the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen. Guyana has recognized the importance of gender equality, and as such, in 1976 there was a presentation in parliament of a state paper on Equality for Women and in 1990 there was the Equal Rights Act. Since the establishment of the Equal Rights Act, Guyana has taken measures to empower women in some areas such as: politics and public, education and...
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...Office Technology and Management: A Catalyst for Students’ Self-reliance. ABSTRACT This paper discusses office technology and management as a catalyst for students’ self-reliance. The core of the paper is that when students who are considered future leaders are empowered, it subsequently leads to the social, economic and political growth and stability of any nation. Office technology and management formerly known as secretarial studies is proffered as the catalyst education for students’ self-reliance based on all spheres of human endeavour. It guarantees prompt and decent employment for students who have competent secretarial skills. Students, after graduation could also go entrepreneurial to establish small-scale businesses of different types. INTRODUCTION In the national development equation, education remains the fulcrum upon which other indices of national development revolve. It is no doubt, that office technology and management education is one of the disciplines that train students for self-reliance and self-sufficiency. The level and quality of education collectively attained in a given society determines the extent to which other factors of development are exploited for the advancement of that society. Office technology and management creates awareness, develops the potentials in man to subdue and harness the resources in his environment for the betterment of himself and his society. Education according to Boladele (2002) is a process of acculturation through...
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