...Mathematics Syllabus Primary © Copyright 2006 Curriculum Planning and Development Division. This publication is not for sale. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without the prior permission of the Ministry of Education, Singapore. Year of implementation: from 2007 Ministry of Education SINGAPORE 1 FOREWORD The 2007 Primary Mathematics syllabus reflects the recent developments and trends in mathematics education. The revised syllabus continues to emphasise conceptual understanding, skill proficiencies and thinking skills in the teaching and learning of mathematics. These components are integral to the development of mathematical problem solving ability. Emphasis is also given to reasoning, applications, and use of technology. Advances in technology have changed the way we teach and learn mathematics. The computer and hand-held calculator, for example, offer great potential to enhance the teaching and learning of mathematics. Students will have opportunities to discover, reason and communicate mathematics. They will engage in stimulating discussions and activities where they can explore possibilities and make connections. These qualitative changes require a change in the teaching and learning approaches; incorporating activity-based and learnercentred methodologies. The syllabuses are conceptualised after extensive consultation with teachers. We hope that teachers will find the document useful and continue to provide us with valuable feedback...
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...ENHANCING POOR PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS IN MATHEMATICS I. INTRODUCTION Excellence in Mathematics is necessary for effective living and participation in a world that is increasingly becoming more Mathematics-oriented. Schools both private and public, struggle to provide quality education for their pupils by adopting innovations made possible by the fast changing technology. For the past long years, Mathematics has been always noted as low in problem solving among pupils of Gen.Luna Integrated Schools, Camanggahan, Abebeg and Binbin particularly for grade six. Test result by quarter showed that pupils did not perform well in problem solving. Moreover, it is in these schools where there is a need to look into possible ways and means on how the pupils of the above mentioned schools can acquire skills, knowledge, technique and information that will enhance their performance in problem solving. II. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Specifically this research will answer the ff. questions: 1. What are the possible ways on enhancing the Grade VI pupil’s performance in problem solving? 2. How do the following factors contribute enhancing Grade VI pupils in problem-solving skills of Gen. Luna Integrated Skills, Camanggahan, Abebeg and Binbin? 2.1. Pupils factors 2.2. Teacher factors 2.3 Parents factors 2.4 School factors 2.5 Environmental factors 3. What measures are needed to enhance the problem solving skills of Grade VI pupils of Gen. Luna Integrated Schools...
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...an important key to Human services professionals. Each steps will be included on how they are define and what purpose it serves will scientific methods are applied. Human services professionals use the scientific methods to gain information on the client as well as how to approach the clients issues. Also researching other resources to meet the needs of the client to ensure the client is receiving accurate help. Scientific Method Scientific method is a method that used to research and study that involves investigation and evaluation of present or future problems. Scientific method helps with produce the right answers to questions that cannot be answered with common sense alone. Researchers can use scientific methods to exploit all the facts, evidence, opinions, and records to find the right plan. As a Human service professional using scientific method can help with identifying the solution of the client’s problem and finding a resolution to ensure it will help to rebuild the client’s life. No matter field an individual is in when it concerns Human services, research will always be needed to ensure self-thoughts, bias, and ones on solution is not used. The high level of individuals whom are homeless, abused, jobless, and have health issues will need a full research to assist with sending them in the right direction. The unanswered question to the client’s issues can be resolve effectively if the right research is conducted. The steps in scientific methods The steps in the...
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...Career-related learning standards for me are to have a successful life. Problem solving is applying decision making and problem solving techniques in school, workplace, and community. This is a task that I should acquire before I leave high school. Problem solving is a standard that prepares me for my future. For problem solving, I need to be able to solve problems using my techniques and what my teachers have taught me over my years of being in high school. My parents also have taught me to solve problems by thinking outside the box. I use this technique in my everyday life and when I have troubles doing a task at hand or don’t know a way to do it. In my experience, for problem solving I have acquired abilities to finish and get through...
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...IGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ DIFFICULTIES IN SOLVING PROBLEMS IN PHYSICS Luzviminda M. Panes THE PROBLEM This study sought to determine the difficulties of fourth year high school students in solvingproblems in Physics. METHODOLOGY This study is a diagnostic-illuminative type. It was intended to reveal conceptual or proceduralerrors that students commit in solving word problems in high school Physics. To achieve this end, theresearcher used the survey method of gathering information. In this method, all fourth year students of the two schools, SSPSC Tagbina and SSPSC Lianga, were asked to respond to a Diagnostic Test prepared by the author. The test was divided into 4 levels, level 1, understanding what is asked in the problems that measure the reading comprehension skills of students; Level 2, measuring the student’s skills in translating unknown into mathematical expression; and level 3 measuring the student’s skills in formulating mathematical equation that expresses the relation of he variables in the problem; lastly, in Level 4, solving problems involving linear equation, quadratic and exponential equation. The statistical tools used in analyzing the data were means and z-test. FINDINGS 1. The study found out that most students understood what is asked in the problem. The resultsrevealed that out of 130 students who took the diagnostic test, there were 76 students who passed level 1 question. 2. In level 2 questions, students...
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...Inhibition Versus Incubation for Overcoming Mental Fixation: A Review Alyssa Di Mauro The University of Southern Mississippi Abstract This paper reviews current literature on mental fixation and how it can be overcome. The first paper looks at inhibition processes as a means to aid in creating problem solving. The second paper uses an incubation period as an alternative method for aiding in creative problem solving. Overall, both methods proved to be effective for understanding how to overcome mental fixation. All experiments explained in these two studies resulted in support of the researchers’ original hypotheses. This literature expands on some key concepts in problem solving and creativity discussed in Dr. Huff’s Cognitive Psychology...
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...Metacognitive Aspect of mathematics Problem Solving Hwa Tee Yong and Lau Ngee Kiong MARA University of Technology Malaysia Abstract If students are to excel on both the routine mathematics skills and the problem-solving skills, teachers must place emphasis on both the mathematical contents and the mathematical processes in the teaching and learning of mathematics. This paper presents the theoretical rationale and the importance of metacognition to the learning of mathematics. A project was conducted on students of around sixteen years of age and the findings indicated that students did employ the four phases of problem solving emphasized by George Polya. However, students fared better when they regulated their thinking process or employed metacognitive skills in the process of solving mathematics problems. This paper also suggests the strength of a mixed methodology in doing research by expanding an understanding from one methodology to another, and converging findings from different data sources. Introduction Twenty-first century mathematics education is about facing novel real-world problems, nurturing creative thinking skills and cultivating productive ways of learning. In attempting to innovate teaching and learning in order to prepare a new generation for the demands of this new era, many educators have discovered the value of metacognition. Mathematics is always one of the difficult subjects for school students. Von Glaserfeld (1995) says: [Educators]...
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...Analyzing the Decision-Making and Problem-Solving Processes Suman Shreshta Byanju BSAD 320 Professor: James young Date: 11/16/2013 In my opinion, decision-making is the process of selecting the right course of action from different alternatives. Decision-making is the final choice and output can be action or an opinion of choice. Problem solving is the process of eradicating problems that are a hindrance to the company objective by finding proper solutions. In other word, problem solving is to eliminate the problem space between the current state and desired state of a company. When there is a gap between desired state and current state in companies, problem exists. Problem solving involves defining the problem and creating solutions for it where as decision-making is selecting a course of action from among available alternatives. Problem solving always involves the decision-making. However, there are many situations where we have to take decision even there is no problem, for example, the relocation of employees or the promotion situation. In my finding, below are the most important steps of problem solving skills, which involves decision-making: 1. Identify and define the problems: First of all, it should be analyzed that it is a problem or just an effects of problems. Diagnose a situation so that the focus is on the real problem, not just on its symptoms. Symptoms become evident before the problem does. This process separate fact from opinion and speculation,...
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...Running Head: POLICY Policy Analysis By Veronica Soto March 14, 2013 QNT/562 Professor Eboniece Cason Introduction Policy analysis is a social and political activity. Analysis means to break a policy down so it can be understood better. Thus public policy analysis is the examination of the components of public policy, the policy process or both. It is the study of causes and consequences of policy decisions. Policy analysis uses many different methods of inquiry and draws from various disciplines to obtain the information needed to assess a problem. There are eight different forms of policy analysis that will be discussed in this paper. Prospective Policy Analysis When using the prospective form of policy analysis it helps by using information and analysis before any action is taken. It is placing primary emphasis on what may be expected policy outcomes. According to Dunn, it is usually is systems analysts, decision analysts, operations researchers that are interested in using this type of policy analysis as it will give them information prior without any gathering of information. (Dunn, 2008) Retrospective Policy Analysis Retrospective analysis is a study in which a search is made for a relationship between one current condition and another that occurred in the past. An example would be a study of family history of young women whom have developed cancer which yields a relationship of the administration of “growth medicine” to the mothers of these women...
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...with problem solving. Dealing with different situations in our work place. When being faced with different types of problems concerning family, friends, children, employers or coworkers. When using the correct tools in solving different problems or even simple problems and finding solutions that will benefit everyone concerned. Critical thinking is gathering all the information needed to solve a problem the best way possible. Sometimes you will have to do research and speak with different people when dealing with problems involving employees. You may have to take an approach that will not seem logical but will be the best for everyone involved. Question 2: How do you define critical thinking? (Revise your earlier definition for critical thinking based on what you learned from this mission. Target Word Count: 50 words Actual Word Count: 115 words Critical thinking would be something that someone would use on a daily basis. Especially with problem solving. Dealing with different situations in our work place. When being faced with different types of problems concerning family, friends, children, employers or coworkers. When using the correct tools in solving different problems or even simple problems and finding solutions that will benefit everyone concerned. Critical thinking is gathering all the information needed to solve a problem the best way possible. Sometimes you will have to do research and speak with different people when dealing with problems involving...
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...Problem-Solving Mary Callaway, Bridgett Jones, Diane Redmond, and Sandra Solis PSYCH/560 March 19, 2012 Isabelle Ragsdale Problem-Solving Problem-solving requires many components to achieve the result such as identifying the problem, what the problem represents creativity, approach, and many more. A few of the approaches of problem-solving, which aid in uncovering a solution are a few of the following, such as unidentified assessment, procedure, technique, and the arrangement of the problem. Problem-solving occurs in every area of life because problems occur in daily life. Insight and creativity in problem-solving allow the person to use imagination, critical thinking skills, and creativity to develop a solution to his or her problem. Therefore, insight and creativity are two important factors in problem-solving. The constraints of a problem depend upon problem representation to uncover ways to solve the problem. In addition, problem representation forces a person to empower his or her cognitive skills to investigate problems. Analyzing the abilities and functions of reasoning, judgment, and decision-making in problem-solving process occurs to determine the existence of new measures in the decision and reasoning approaches in the search for ethical solutions. The ethical solutions in problem-solving guarantee the results are trustworthy and accurate. Therefore, the need for accurate problem-solving skills is a necessity to find solutions to problems people experience. Approaches...
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...RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEVELS OF READING COMPREHENSION AND MATHEMATICS WORD PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS OF SELECTED FRESHMEN STUDENTS OF LAGUNA STATE POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY LOS BAÑOS CAMPUS, A.Y.2013-2014 A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Applied Research-Laguna State Polytechnic University Los Baǹos Campus In Partial fulfillment of the Course Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN TEACHING Major in Mathematics VICTORIA ELIP TAMBAN APRIL 2014 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis entitled, “RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEVELS OF READING COMPREHENSION AND MATHEMATICS WORD PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS OF SELECTED FRESHMEN STUDENTS OF LAGUNA STATE POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY LOS BAÑOS CAMPUS, A.Y.2013-2014,” prepared and submitted by VICTORIA E.TAMBAN, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, Master of Arts in Teaching, Major in Mathematics, has been examined and is recommended for acceptance and approval. MARGARITA A.GALANG Adviser PANEL OF EXAMINERS Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with a grade of ______. NESTOR M.DE VERA, Ph.D. Chairman CONSORCIA S.TAN, Ed.D. LUSTINA P.LAPIE, Ed.D. Member Member ALBERT D.YAZON Member Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in Teaching , Major in Mathematics. LUCILA A. PERIA CONSORCIA S...
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...Manufacturing Chap 3 Problem Solving and Kepner-Tregoe Professor Joe Greene CSU, CHICO Reference: Strategies for Creative Problem Solving H. Scott Fogler, Steven E. LeBlanc, The University of Michigan Englewood Cliffs, N.J. PTR Prentice Hall, 1995 MFGT 124 Copyright 2003 Joseph Greene All Rights Reserved 1 Chap 3: Problem Solving • Topics – – – – – – Introduction Problem Definition Generate Solutions Blockbusters Fishbone Diagram Decide Copyright 2003 Joseph Greene All Rights Reserved 2 Introduction • Problem solving • The mere formulation of a problem is far more essential than its solution, which maybe merely a matter of mathematical or experimental skill. To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems from a new angle requires creative imagination and marks real advances in science. » Albert Einstein • Problem statements – “A problem well stated is a problem half solved.” • Charles Kettering (Early pioneer of automotive research) • Problem Solving Steps – – – – – Define Generate Solutions Decide Implement Evaluate Copyright 2003 Joseph Greene All Rights Reserved 3 8 steps in problem definition • 8 steps in problem definition ( via experienced engineers) 1. Collect and analyze information and data – Learn as much as you can about a problem and write it down. 2. Talk with people familiar with problem – Look past the obvious and look for clarification. – Hotel elevator example. 3. View problem first hand –...
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...TALI SHIMONI TransformationalLeadershipandCreative Problem-Solving:TheMediatingRoleof PsychologicalSafetyandReflexivity ABSTRACT Previousresearchhaspointedtotheimportanceoftransformationalleadershipin facilitating employees’ creative outcomes. However, the mechanism by which trans- formational leadership cultivatesemployees’ creativeproblem-solving capacity isnot well understood. Drawing on theories of leadership, information processing and creativity,weproposedand tested amodelinwhichpsychologicalsafety and reflex- ivity mediate the effect of transformational leadership and creative problem-solving capacity. The results of survey data collected at three points in time indicate that transformational leadership facilitates the development of employees’ creative prob- lem-solvingcapacitybyshapingaclimateofpsychologicalsafetyconducivetoreflex- ivity processes. However, the findings also indicate that psychological safety is related both directly and indirectly, through reflexivity, to employees’ creative problem-solvingcapacity.Thisstudyshedsfurtherlightonthewaysinwhichtrans- formational leaders help to develop and cultivate employees’ capacity for creative problem-solving. Keywords: creative problem-solving, transformational leadership, psychological safety,reflexivity. Work organizations in a variety of industries seek to develop and cultivate their ability to address ill-defined and complex problems creatively (Mumford, [CorrectionNotice:AcorrectiontotheonlineEarlyViewofthisarticlehasbeenmade...
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...aviation, auto racing, .and the military and so on? And how lessons from other industries might be applied in health care? The writer will explain which organization processes support problem solving In today’s health care system, delivery processes involve numerous interfaces and patient handoffs among multiple health care practitioners with varying levels of educational and occupational training. During the course of a 4-day hospital stay, a patient may interact with 50 different employees, including physicians, nurses, technicians, and others. Effective clinical practice thus involves many instances where critical information must be accurately communicated. Team collaboration is essential. (Michelle O 'Daniel, 2012) When health care professionals are not communicating effectively, patient safety is at risk for several reasons: lack of critical information, misinterpretation of information, unclear orders over the telephone, and overlooked changes in status. Most times in health care environment it is almost impossible to work well with individuals who has a issue at home and has came to work upset. (Michelle O 'Daniel, 2012) During different times I’ve worked in different areas of health care nothing was different the altitudes were all the same at the other locations and it was always problems and issues. When working in a busy place like this it’s very rare to stay together as a team when you have certain people doing this and telling this and I’ve experienced a lot of...
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