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Program Design & Development

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Submitted By gazalexie
Words 5516
Pages 23
Appendix D:

Answers to Checkpoint Questions

Chapter 1
1.1
A program is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task.
1.2
Hardware is all of the physical devices, or components, that a computer is made of. 1.3
The central processing unit (CPU), main memory, secondary storage devices, input devices, and output devices.
1.4
The CPU
1.5
Main memory
1.6
Secondary storage
1.7
Input device
1.8
Output device
1.9
One byte
1.10 A bit
1.11 The binary numbering system.
1.12 It is an encoding scheme that uses a set of 128 numeric codes to represent the
English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters. These numeric codes are used to store characters in a computer's memory. (ASCII stands for the
American Standard Code for Information Interchange.)
1.13 Unicode
1.14 Digital data is data that is stored in binary, and a digital device is any device that works with binary data.
1.15 Machine language
1.16 Main memory, or RAM
1.17 The fetch-decode-execute cycle.
1.18 It is an alternative to machine language. Instead of using binary numbers for instructions, assembly language uses short words that are known as mnemonics.
1.19 A high-level language
1.20 Syntax
1.21 A compiler
1.22 An interpreter
1.23 A syntax error
1.24 The operating system
1.25 A utility program
1.26 Application software
Chapter 2
2.1
Any person, group, or organization that is asking you to write a program.
2.2
A single function that the program must perform in order to satisfy the customer.
2.3
A set of well-defined logical steps that must be taken to perform a task.
2.4
An informal language that has no syntax rules, and is not meant to be compiled or executed. Instead, programmers use pseudocode to create models, or "mock-ups" of programs.
2.5
A diagram that graphically depicts the steps that take place in a program.

2.6

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