...Psychodynamic Personality Theories “An individual's self-concept is the core of his personality. It affects every aspect of human behavior: the ability to learn, the capacity to grow and change. A strong, positive self-image is the best possible preparation for success in life” (Brothers, 2011, p. 1). Several psychologists have studied personality over the years, and with this research theories are applied. Theories have strengths and weaknesses and assist those who pursue further research regarding personality. Psychoanalysis and psychodynamic theories provide for a better understanding of the human personality and human nature. Sigmund Freud began the revolution of research and developed the first modern theory of personality. Freud’s research became a test if the future and led many others to develop their own theories some of which were empirical and some philosophical speculation. * Freud is well known for the twin cornerstones of psychoanalysis, which are sex and aggression. Freud revised his concept of personality several times because he believed that a theory should be followed up with observation. Freud based his theory on his own dreams as well as encounters with patients. The psychoanalytic theory and dynamics of personality supported the idea that “motivation is derived from psychical and physical energy that springs from their basic drives” (Feist, J., & Feist, G., 2009, p. 2). Freud used the concept of motivation to explain the driving forces that...
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...Psychodynamic Personalities Overview Angela Harris PSY/405 December 4, 2012 Dr. Patricia Stem Personality Overview Theories of Personality like other topics in psychology consist of many theories along with a very diverse group of theorists who developed these theories. Like other theories in psychology there are strengths and weaknesses that have to be examined. The purpose of this paper is to discuss two theories of personality, the psychoanalytic theory and the interpersonal theory. This paper will focus on a comparison of the two theories, the basic assumption of each, deterministic versus free will and the conscious motives versus the unconscious motives in a person’s behavior. The creator of the Psychoanalytic Social theory was Karen Horney. Horney’s psychoanalytic social theory devoted the same emphasis on society, just like Adler and Erikson. She developed her theory based on the assumptions that society and culture are major contributors to one’s personality development. One assumption in her theory is that a person’s social and the cultural experiences are primarily responsible for the shaping of an individual’s character. (Feist, & Feist, 2009). Other assumptions that Horney had was the importance of a child being raised in a stable loving environment. Horney believed that if a child’s parents did not provide a loving, stable environment, he or she could develop basic hostility, which could lead to basic anxiety. Horney also...
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...always strive towards attaining, thus it provides a person with the necessary guidelines in becoming the best version of themselves, with harmonious, genuine, and positive characteristics that leads to growth and actualisation (Meyer et al, 2008). The approach, and Roger’s view of the personality altered the way, in which I value myself, acknowledging the fact that you can truly become who you really want to be (ideal self) furthermore the self concept predicts your experiences, and the quality of life. By incorporating genuineness, warmth, positivity, self-acceptance, value towards oneself, and living without pretense, you would be able to grow and move more towards the ideal self. This approach is definitely one that inspires me to be...
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...University of Phoenix Material Psychodynamic Personality Theories Matrix Using the text for this course, the University Library, the Internet, and/or other resources, complete the following table. |Theory |Assumptions |Reliability |Validity |Application | |Psychoanalytic Theory |Psychological tools within our brains require|Defense mechanisms |Psychoanalysis as a philosophy has been |Personality (Freud and Erikson) | | |a certain type of power in order to function |Creation of thesis technique |questioned since the 1900’s |Gender role improvement | | |This type of power also is also used in |Discuses importance of infancy |Pros and cons evaluators of psychoanalysis|Affection | | |various tasks that are psychologically |Fantasy examination |affirms that psychoanalysis works well as |Therapy- psychoanalysis | | |related like: emotions, and thoughts. |Projective exams |an aspect in behavior and must be given |Moral development –superego (Freud) | | | ...
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...University of Phoenix Material Psychodynamic Personality Theories Matrix Using the text for this course, the University Library, the Internet, and/or other resources, complete the following table. Theory | Assumptions | Reliability | Validity | Application | Psychoanalytic Theory | -First developed by Sigmund Freud.-Negates influenced by free will.-Influenced by genetics as well as the environment.-behavior occurs as a result of internal conflict unresolved from childhood.-behavior is motivated by unconscious motives and desires.-these unconscious motives sometime resulted in what were termed Freudian slips.-occurred as a result of childhood experiences.-proposed that personality is driven by sex and aggression.-states that the mind influences one’s personality.-personality includes the id, ego, and superego. Id- holds aggressive energy, driven by one’s unconscious impulses and desires, seeks immediate gratification. Ego- caught between the id and the superego, works to balance the two and uses defense mechanisms to resolve conflicts and solve problems. Superego- conscious, includes morals, self control and values.Psychosexual stages :-Oral- 0-18 mths-Anal- 2-3 yrs-Phalic- 4-6 yrs-Latency- 7-11 yrs-Genital- 12+ yrs | -Based merely on clinical observations, Freud had no scientific evidence to prove his theory.-Theory was based off of Freud’s background, his personal philosophy, experiences and observations. -No experiments were used to prove his theory, no one could...
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...Cognitive Psychology Definition Paper Wendy Gray PSY/360 June 11, 2012 Devlin Crose, BA, MA In this paper I hope to show what cognitive psychology is and how it was used and how it is used in today’s time. Cognitive psychology is the way a person thinks and the behavior a person has. It also deals with the mental process of a person’s brain and the neuroscience. Behavior has to do with the activity of a human and neuroscience has to do with the nervous system. Perception and memory is also in this area. It all started with the Greeks “approximately 2,400 years ago, the philosophers of ancient Greece left the first written record displaying consistent curiosity about and speculations on the workings of the mind.” (Willingham, D. T. (2007). The Greeks started all the assumption of how our brains working and it went on from there. The Greeks seemed to ask a lot of question three to be exact such as perception, memory, and nature and nurture The next area was the dark ages and middle ages. Not much was added at this time because there was not much knowledge at this time and the work was not so centered around the mind which left this area of time with not good information. Then you had the renaissance through the 19th century In the renaissance time this was the rise of knowledge these people seem to wise beyond their years and had lots of information we still use today. Even though they did make some mistakes they still did well in observation...
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...Theories of Personality University of Phoenix Theories of Personality Over the centuries, humans have been trying to figure out what makes each individual different. From the physical signs like hair color, to the more subtle personality differences that each human has, what really makes each individual unique? There have been many theories over the decades that can give some insight into this very question. Two of these theories are known as the psychodynamic theory and the humanistic and existential theory. Both of these theories have different takes on what individuality and personality are. There have been many theorists’ ties to these ideas. Some of these theorists include Freud, Adler, and Klein. These and many other theorists have tried to come up with a complete explanation of what individuality is and how it differs from person to person. Psychodynamic Theory The father of most modern psychology is widely considered to be none other than Sigmund Freud. According to Feist and Feist (2009), Freud was also the theorist behind the psychodynamic theory with his theories collectively called psychoanalysis. But there are other theorists within the psychodynamic theory as well. These theorists are Alfred Adler, Carl Jung, Melanie Klein, Karen Horney, and Harry Stack Sullivan. But, each of these based their ideas on those of Freud. The psychodynamic theory has two main parts that help to define it. According to Psychodynamic (2008), the first part of the psychodynamic theory...
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...Introduction Personality theorist are interested in the structure of an individual, how are people “put together”, how do they “work” and how do they “fall apart” (Boeree, n.d). Other personality theorists go as far as saying that they are looking for the essence of life, what it means to be a human being. Since the science of personality can be so complex, many psychologists have dedicated their life to the field of personality, attempting to understand and clarify what makes each individual unique and different from everyone. Several personality theories were born in the course of time, two of those theories of personality are called psychoanalytical and humanistic theories. This paper will further explain each of them, their strengths and limitations, their assumption, amongst other crucial factors for each approach. Psychodynamic Theories Various psychologists contributed to the formation of psychodynamic theories of personality including Carl Jung, Alfred Adler, Karen Horney, Melanie Klein, Harry S. Sullivan, along with others, yet one of the most influential psychologists in psychodynamic theories was Sigmund Freud. While Freud’s theories were later changed or dismissed, his ideas and research were used by many others and have greatly influenced society as it is currently known; moreover his psychoanalytic theory was the original and primary psychodynamic theory which was adjusted by some of his followers previously mentioned. According to McLeod (2007), the psychodynamic approach...
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...The Psychodynamic Perspective: Section C Outline one assumption of the psychodynamic perspective The main assumption of the psychodynamic perspective is that all behaviour can be explained in terms of the inner conflicts of the mind. Describe how the psychodynamic perspective can describe phobias The psychodynamic perspective would explain phobias as being a result of the inner conflicts in the unconscious mind. For example, they would say that a fear of elephants would be a result of something in the unconscious mind. Freud argued that phobias are a displaced fear in the unconscious mind. For example, in the case of Little Hans, Freud argued that Little Hans’ phobia of horses was caused by a displaced fear of his father. Describe one similarity and one difference between any 2 studies that take a psychodynamic perspective. One similarity of the psychodynamic perspective is that both and Freud and Thigpen and Cleckley can be seen as examples of action research. This means that as part of the experiment, the researcher’s purpose is also to change/influence the participant’s behaviour. For example, in Freud’s study, he was working to reduce or remove the fear of horses that Little Hans was experiencing while at the same time, researching the Oedipus complex. Thigpen and Cleckley were doing the same as they were working to resolve Eva Smith’s multiple personality disorder while also researching the same topic. One difference between the psychodynamic perspectives...
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...Personality Analysis Personality Analysis The personality of an individual is what makes him or her unique among others. That same uniqueness is what makes each person interesting to study and observe. The same set of identical twins may have all the same genetic makeup, but he or she will still have an individual personality to call his or her own. The study of personality is quite complex and involves many ideas and theories from wide variety of scholars. Personality is also something people can share and relate to with one another. According to Allport, “Personality is about what is unique to the individual, but it is also about what is shared across people” (Allport, 1962). Although there are several approaches to the personality analysis, this paper will specifically focus on the psychodynamic, humanistic and existential approaches. This paper will compare and contrast these theories, explore the characteristics that accompany these theories, and explain the interpersonal relational aspects associated with these particular theories. Psychodynamic Theory The theory of psychodynamics is the basic study of all psychological abilities that place an influence on human behavior (Feist & Feist, 2009). This may especially include the compelling relationships among the motivation of the conscious and unconscious, which were the ideas of Sigmund Freud. Although Freud established the ideas of “psychodynamics”...
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...(2013). Theories of Personality, 8th ed.; New York,New York: McGraw-Hill Cover Photo - www.googleimages.com Photo of Carl Jung - www.simplypsychology.org Photo of Erik Erikson - www.pinstake.com Photo of Sigmund Freud - www.commons.wikimedia.org Image of Psychodynamic Approach - www.kaycounseling.co.uk | Psychodynamic Personality Brochure Shanta’ Boyd February 16, 2013 PSY/405 University of Phoenix | Psychodynamic Personality Psychodynamic cover.jpg | Personality Personality cannot be described with just one definition being that there are many different schools of thought. Personality can be described as: A pattern of traits and unique characteristics that provide consistency and individuality to an individuals behavior. Personality can also be formed through the consistency, hereditary, and an individual's experiences. An individuals perception of self and the world around them can also be make up an individual's personality. Behavior and Personality Their is a relationship between behavior and personality, but behavior isn’t personality. Psychodynamic Approach Famous theorist like Carl Jung, Erik Erikson, and Sigmund Freud, have all contributed to the psychodynamic theory of personality. Most theories, theories focus on the unconscious and consciousness of the mind as well as the development of ones personality based on their childhood experiences. Psychodynamic Approach.gif |...
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... | | |Theories of Personality | Copyright © 2010, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course surveys the field of personality from a scientific perspective, examining the general approaches to understanding personality. The key theorists and concepts associated with each perspective are highlighted, along with the strengths and limitations of the different approaches. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Feist, J., & Feist, G. J. (2009). Theories of personality (7th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw Hill. |Week One: Introduction to Personality | ...
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... | | |Theories of Personality | Copyright © 2010, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course surveys the field of personality from a scientific perspective, examining the general approaches to understanding personality. The key theorists and concepts associated with each perspective are highlighted, along with the strengths and limitations of the different approaches. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Feist, J., & Feist, G. J. (2009). Theories of personality (7th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw Hill. All electronic materials are available on the student website. |Week One: Introduction to Personality...
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...Psychodynamic And Humanistic Theoretical Approaches Rebecca Ward PSY/405 June 29, 2014 Jerry Mote Psychodynamic And Humanistic Theoretical Approaches Psychodynamic and humanistic theoretical approaches are a vital part of human development and growth. Each theory tries to get to the root of individual personality based on many factors. Factors like genetics, personal experience, childhood influences, environmental and social influences, conscious and unconscious awareness, cultural differences, and personal desires, goals and perceptions. What makes up our individual personality and how does the mind develop into who we become? Where does the desire to venture out and capture the ultimate happiness in order to live a fulfilling life come from? How do human beings develop the motivation to seek out their desired goals and satisfy those particular needs, and how do they affect personality? Both psychodynamic and humanistic theorist try to understand why humans do what they do, why and how they become motivated during their lifespan. Both theories have their own unique views of how humans act the way they do but more so are distinctly different when it comes to psychology. Humanistic theorist deals with conscious awareness of the inner self, which brings about growth on different levels. According to Maslow one must gravitate through his Hierarchy of needs to reach self-actuality. (Feist, Feist & Roberts, 2013) Maslow believed there is always a way to reach full happiness...
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...Psychodynamic & Humanistic/Existential Approaches Psychodynamic & Existential/Humanistic Theories Psychodynamic and existential/humanistic theories vary greatly in their approach, dynamic, and assumptions. The succeeding compares and contrasts the two theoretical approaches paying attention to the assumptions presented by each approach, motives for behavior, and whether the approach is deterministic or not. To gain more perspective into each approach it is essential to learn about the different theories and theorists that developed and contributed to each. The key psychodynamic theorists presented include Sigmund Freud, Alfred Adler, Carl Jung, Melanie Klein, Karen Horney, and Harry Stack-Sullivan. On the other side, the theorists that contributed to the existential/humanistic approach include Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, and Rollo May. Psychodynamic Theorists and Theories The founder of the psychodynamic approach to personality and psychoanalysis was Sigmund Freud. Freud’s views were focused mainly on sex and aggression as the basis for human motivation (Feist & Feist, 2009). According to Freud there are three distinct parts of human personality; the id, the ego and the super ego. And also three levels of consciousness; unconscious, preconscious and conscious. The two sets of three coincide with the id being part of the unconscious, the ego a part of both pre-consciousness and consciousness and the super ego also a part of the unconscious. A general assumption...
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