...Psychodynamic therapy and client-centered therapy requires the therapist to have certain skills and characteristics to help enhance the client’s treatment process and the therapeutic alliance. Psychodynamic and client-centered therapists generally spend time listening to clients talk about their lives. I am a good listener and demonstrate complete acceptance and support for them. In addition, I know that in order to provide ethical therapy, I must be able to establish and maintain healthy boundaries with clients. In order to protect the welfare of clients, I know the importance of avoiding dual relationships, especially relationships that are romantic or sexual. Furthermore, I accept people for who they are and display support regardless of...
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...The evolution of psychoanalytic was invented in the 60's to provide any concentrate on behavior. It was incorporated in the 70's and used on higher functioning behavioral children. This was also the treatment for anxiety. In times it produced negative outcomes; but with drugs anxiety was decreased. The difference between CBT and Psychodynamic Therapy is that with these two they concentrate on reducing distress; but psychodynamic therapy observes the reason why people behave the way they do; while CBT gets rid of symptoms by decreasing or changing behavior. CBT are also scientific theories in which can be proved. Example, learning how to behave is through the use of our emotions. This too was founded by Freud in the 40's. CBT therapies;...
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...According to Psychodynamic therapy, can aid in finding out the roots of George's depression. He could have lost his dog resulting in him being more confined, and having his confidence drop and his self-esteem also dropping having his depression to occur. According to the psychodynamic therapy has a chance of helping George's condition by talking to him and asking him questions he might feel comfortable answering in a 1 on 1 conversation. By asking questions that target his childhood traumatic events. We can then reduce his memories of his past and help him to focus on the future. This will aid in his recovery over his depression. According to the humanistic this style of therapy can focus directly on the cause of Georges depression. George has probably never been given attention of affection from his parents or his friends, thus causing him to think he is not attractive nor smart. He was probably forced into something his parents wanted from him instead of having him control his own life. Only so that he got accepted in the society he lived in. His depression could be treated by therapists who would thoroughly listen to him with kindness and with a pure heart. George will be able to freely express himself and the therapist will be able to find out the roots to his depression. After all this talk he will have his self-esteem grow and he will start to be socially accepted...
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...Introduction Psychodynamic psychotherapy places great emphasis on aspect that are usually not known to an individual, perhaps most familiar to us as the unconscious processes. According to Shelder (2010), distinctive features of Psychodynamic technique extends to a wide range of treatments based on psychoanalytic concepts and methods that consist of less frequent sessions and may be significantly more short-termed than the psychoanalysis concept. Sessions are scheduled typically once or twice per week consisting with treatment either in time limited or open ended fashion. In contrast to traditional and inadequate teaching materials of psychoanalytic or psychodynamic therapies made by Sigmund Freud in the early 20th century, conventional psychodynamic...
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...History of Psychodynamic Therapy The psychologistSigmund Freud (1856–1939) developed “psychodynamics” to describe the processes of the mind as flows ofpsychological energy (Libido) in an organically complex brain.[2] The theory supporting psychodynamic therapy originated by the psychoanalytic theory. There are four major schools of psychoanalytic theory, each of which has influenced psychodynamic therapy. The four schools are: Freudian, Ego Psychology, Object Relations, and Self Psychology. Psychodynamic theory is also known as insight-oriented which focuses on the unconscious processes which are manifested and show up in a person’s behaviors. The goals of psychodynamic therapy are a client’s self-awareness and understanding of the influence on past on present behavior. Cognitive The term cognitive psychology came into use with the publication of the bookCognitive Psychology by Ulric Neisser in 1967. Cognitive Psychology revolves around the notion that if we want to know what makes people tick then the way to do it is to figure out what processes are actually going on in their minds. Cognition literally means “knowing”. In other words, psychologists from this approach study cognition which is ‘the mental act or process by which knowledge is acquired.’ Cognitive psychology became of great importance in the mid-1950s. Several factors were important in this: - o Dissatisfaction with the behaviourist approach in its simple emphasis on external behaviour rather than internal...
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...IPT is a structured, often time limited therapy that focuses on interpersonal functioning and its association to mood states. These altered mood states (depression) are thought of as medical illnesses, and clients are assigned the sick role to relieve some of the self-blame of being “faulty.” Depression is thought of as arising from four central contexts, including: grief, interpersonal disputes, role transitions, or interpersonal deficits. (Weissman, Markowitz, and Klerman, 2007). One of the tasks of therapy is to define the context in which the client is experiencing the most distress and then focus on improving his or her interpersonal interactions, which will then help to improve mood states and emotional regulation. IPT focuses on affects within the interpersonal context, there is no homework, and the therapist is focused on the client’s life outside of therapy, not his or her internal world. The IPT therapist is warm, positive, and hopeful. They are active and supportive, and take an expert role in therapy. They know and understand that the client is “sick” and want the client to feel confident that recovery is possible. (Bateman,...
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...Psychodynamic Personality Theories “An individual's self-concept is the core of his personality. It affects every aspect of human behavior: the ability to learn, the capacity to grow and change. A strong, positive self-image is the best possible preparation for success in life” (Brothers, 2011, p. 1). Several psychologists have studied personality over the years, and with this research theories are applied. Theories have strengths and weaknesses and assist those who pursue further research regarding personality. Psychoanalysis and psychodynamic theories provide for a better understanding of the human personality and human nature. Sigmund Freud began the revolution of research and developed the first modern theory of personality. Freud’s research became a test if the future and led many others to develop their own theories some of which were empirical and some philosophical speculation. * Freud is well known for the twin cornerstones of psychoanalysis, which are sex and aggression. Freud revised his concept of personality several times because he believed that a theory should be followed up with observation. Freud based his theory on his own dreams as well as encounters with patients. The psychoanalytic theory and dynamics of personality supported the idea that “motivation is derived from psychical and physical energy that springs from their basic drives” (Feist, J., & Feist, G., 2009, p. 2). Freud used the concept of motivation to explain the driving forces that...
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...Psychodynamic Theories Jayme Terrigno PSY/405 October 6, 2014 Patti Tolar Psychodynamic Theories According to "Good Therapy" (2014), “The psychological interpretation of mental and emotional processes—is rooted in traditional psychoanalysis and draws from object relations, ego psychology, and self psychology” (para. 1). Psychodynamic theories draw most of their information from the idea of the unconscious, especially in the development of early childhood. This paper will describe personality, discuss the mail tenets of the theories presented, discuss how each theory applies to personality and behavior, and discusses the strengths and limitations of each theory. The degree to which individual humans vary from one another, both physically and psychologically, is quite astonishing and somewhat unique among species (Feist, Feist, & Roberts 2013). Personality id the physical characteristics of a person and how it reflects toward others. Personality is the thoughts and feelings that each person holds and shows to others. It is collection of a person, but these pieces of each person tend to remain the unchanged through the years. Psychodynamic theory was developed by a Sigmund Freud, a well-known theorist, and in his own words, scientist. Sigmund Freud began to combine philosophical speculations with a primitive scientific method. As a neurologist trained in science, Freud began to listen to his patients to find out what...
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...Answer any five of the following questions. 2. What is the General Adaptation Syndrome, explain with an example. Scientist Hans Selye (1907-1982) introduced the General Adaptation Syndrome model in 1936 showing in three phases what the alleged effects of stress has on the body. In his work, Selye - 'the father of stress research,' developed the theory that stress is a major cause of disease because chronic stress causes long-term chemical changes. He observed that the body would respond to any external biological source of stress with a predictable biological pattern in an attempt to restore the body’s internal homeostasis. This initial hormonal reaction is your fight or flight stress response - and its purpose is for handling stress very quickly! The process of the body’s struggle to maintain balance is what Selye termed, the General Adaptation Syndrome. Pressures, tensions, and other stressors can greatly influence your normal metabolism. Selye determined that there is a limited supply of adaptive energy to deal with stress. That amount declines with continuous exposure. Going through a series of steps, your body consistently works to regain stability. With the general adaptation syndrome, a human’s adaptive response to stress has three distinct phases: ALARM STAGE - Your first reaction to stress recognizes there’s a danger and prepares to deal with the threat, a.k.a. the fight or flight response. Activation of the HPA axis, the nervous system (SNS) and the adrenal glands...
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...Outline and evaluate psychological explanations of depression: at least two Psychodynamic theories: * Outline : * Fixation at the oral stage (over or under gratification at the oral stage) results in dependency on caregiver and on other people. The dependant personality makes the constantly seek love and approval of others. * if the needs are not met the anger turns inwards ( later in life events like death, relationship break-up, job loss results in regression to the oral stage) results in depression. * Freud explained how, when a loved one is lost there is first a mourning period and then, after a while, life returns to normal. For some people however, the mourning period never seems to come to an end, they continue to exist in a state of permanent melancholia (depression). * Bibring psychodynamic theory states that depression is due to poor parenting. The child develops low self-esteem in contrast to the ideal self because the parents expect perfection on the child and can be critical. Evaluation: * This theory shows that early childhood experiences can affect vulnerability to depression, in later life the effects of early childhood experiences is supported by bowlby where the child attachment whether secure or insecure can affect later life relationship. * Freud’s theory is a good theory and is linked to the theory of Bowlby, insecure parent attachment. * Freud’s theory lacks falsifiability, because it cannot be operationalized and is based...
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...*Picture from Psychotherapy (2004)Personality: Psychodynamic Theories BrochureMaria Lydda GabrielPSY 405April 6, 2015Angela Snelling | | | What is Personality?“Although no single definition is acceptable to all personality theorists, we can say that personality is a pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency and individuality to a person’s behavior” (Feist & Roberts, 2013, p. 4). | | | | | | | | Psychodynamic TheoriesFreud’s Theory * There are three provinces of the mind: A. The id * The id’s sole function is to seek pleasure without regard for what is proper and just, hence, serving the pleasure. Has no contact with reality, yet it strives to constantly reduce tension by satisfying basic desires (Feist & Roberts, 2013). B. The ego * Is governed by the reality principle. It is the only province of the mind in contact with reality. * When the ego becomes anxious, it uses repression and other defense mechanisms to defend itself against this anxiety (Feist & Roberts, 2013). C. The superego * Represents the moral and ideal aspects of personality and is guided by the moralistic and idealistic principles. * Acts to control sexual and aggressive impulses through the process of repression. * It strives blindly and unrealistically toward perfection. | | | | | * Freud’s theory helped us understand the harmony and disharmony that happens in our mind. It also helped to explain...
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...Jung was a follower of Freud and his theory held some similar traits. This theory includes the conscious, the personal unconscious and the collective unconscious. Carl Jung believed we are motivated by images passed down by our ancestors as well as our repressed experiences. The things we inherited from our ancestors he named the collective unconscious. His theory is full of past events and future expectations. Images we inherit from our ancestors are called archetypes. Personal unconscious holds repressed thoughts of one individual. Consciousness is a very small piece of personality. Jung believed personality comes from mostly unconscious. Just like Freud, Jung’s theory is hard to prove or disprove. Jung was a follower of Freud and his theory held some similar traits. This theory includes the conscious, the personal unconscious and the collective unconscious. Carl Jung believed we are motivated by images passed down by our ancestors as well as our repressed experiences. The things we inherited from our ancestors he named the collective unconscious. His theory is full of past events and future expectations. Images we inherit from our ancestors are called archetypes. Personal unconscious holds repressed thoughts of one individual. Consciousness is a very small piece of personality. Jung believed personality comes from mostly unconscious. Just like Freud, Jung’s theory is hard to prove or disprove. Carl Jung- Analytical Psychology Carl Jung- Analytical Psychology Adler-Individual...
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...Brief Psychodynamic Therapy This paper deals with my preference for Brief Time Limited Treatment vs. open ended treatment vs. open-ended or extended treatment. If I were to enter counseling I would prefer this treatment because it deals with the presenting problem quickly and would not require me to continue to come back and stay in treatment for an extended period of time. I am a person who prefers to deal with the problem head on and not draw it out through continue discussion of my family background and how this effects me today. I feel that this type of treatment promotes mindfulness and keeping me focused on what is pertinent in my life. However, the obvious limitations of this type of therapy would be that in the future I would not be able to engage in counseling again without changing therapist. I would have to start again perhaps, with a new therapist with whom I have no rapport and who is not familiar with my case. Open-Ended treatment would allow me to discontinue treatment when necessary such as during a latent period in my life. When a life crisis arises again I could start back up with a therapist who would understand my case and history without having to repeat these details again. Limitations with this type of therapy would be that there is no formal set goal of termination. I feel that this is so necessary as I have experience so many clients who are dependent on their case managers and clinicians to make most decisions in their life. Extended therapy...
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...something people can share and relate to with one another. According to Allport, “Personality is about what is unique to the individual, but it is also about what is shared across people” (Allport, 1962). Although there are several approaches to the personality analysis, this paper will specifically focus on the psychodynamic, humanistic and existential approaches. This paper will compare and contrast these theories, explore the characteristics that accompany these theories, and explain the interpersonal relational aspects associated with these particular theories. Psychodynamic Theory The theory of psychodynamics is the basic study of all psychological abilities that place an influence on human behavior (Feist & Feist, 2009). This may especially include the compelling relationships among the motivation of the conscious and unconscious, which were the ideas of Sigmund Freud. Although Freud established the ideas of “psychodynamics” to explain the mind flow of the libido, Carl Jung, Alfred Adler, and Melanie Klein should also be accredited for laying the foundation for the psychodynamic theory (Wikipedia Foundation, Inc., 2011). The ideas behind psychodynamics are often divided into two sections. The first is the interaction of emotional forces, which is the correlation between the emotional and motivational impulses...
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...Psychodynamic Approach Carl Jung had a unique personality theory. When we compare it to Freud, they each thought that consciousness and unconsciousness had an effect on the mind. Jung created eight types of personalities that were then divided into four categories of functions. The foundation comes from Jung’s introversion and extroversion experiences. Erik Erikson developed his theories from an observational predetermined order. Unlike Freud he did not focus on sexual development but on children’s socialization skills and how they impact the child. Erikson has eight stages and each one has two results. If you were to complete every stage successfully it was seen as a healthy personality. If one did not complete each stage successfully then it is said that you have an unhealthy personality. Sigmund Freud studied the psychosexual model. Freud said that this stage starts in early childhood and goes through adulthood. As we are exposed to the environment a child forms an ego, which is seen as one of the strongest characteristics of a personality Psychodynamic Theories Brochure There have been many different theories throughout the years. Each has their own strengths and weaknesses when it comes to explaining individual behavior. This brochure will summarize psychodynamic theories and how they influence our lives. Theorists include Sullivan, Freud, Adler, Jung, Horney, Klein, Fromm and Erikson. All eight of these theorists mentioned have very unique personalities and life...
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