...GUNG HO! Ken Blanchard and Sheldon Bowles, authors of the book Gung Ho!, discuss the process of getting an organization involved, productive, and energetic. By following simple guidelines set by the grandfather of the character Andy Longclaw, the Walton Waterworks #2 was able to recover from the threat of being shut down and become a role model for the other plants in the company. Blanchard and Bowles write that “the real secret of successful management is discovering what people do naturally and then figuring out how to adapt the organization to take advantage of natural behavior.” (Ken & Sheldon, 1998) Using the natural strengths and abilities of the members within the organization simplifies the managing process. As members within the organization are allowed to grow to their furthest natural potential, the management process becomes simpler. Blanchard and Bowles explain that in order to adapt the Gung Ho process, “First, team members had to be willing, even eager to take on considerable extra responsibility… Second, managers had to give up the levers of control they’d worked a lifetime to get hold of.” As managers learn to delegate their responsibilities to their employees, they are able to take on more of a managing role within the organization. Becoming Gung Ho requires an attitude change of the members, who may or may not be interested in change. The willingness members within the organization have to change affects the effectiveness of the Gung Ho process. Managers...
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...Communicating the Value of Psychology Position Paper Nagle Catholic College Danni Carroll “Psychology is the scientific study of how we think, feel and act. It aims to answer important questions such as what motivates people to behave the way they do and what factors influence the way they think, feel and behave as they grow up and develop” (Fletcher and Garton, 2007). Psychology is applied to society as a whole; it can help us understand how we as individuals can function as members of society and the values and attitudes to things such as Culture, Social values and practices and Social, Historical and Political Influences. Psychology studies have also taken us into the minds of others and how they react to certain situations; from this psychologists have created the areas of Social Psychology, Relational Influences and Communication that their studies fall under. The study of psychology also lets us find out more about ourselves as individuals such as our Biological Influences, Cognition, Developmental and Personality (Fletcher and Garton 2007). This position paper is aimed at a year 12 Psychology class studying 3AB Psychology: Self, Others and Society. The class consists 17 students with the majority of the students being female and aged 16-17. The purpose of this paper is to provide the students with a clearer understanding of the Psychology areas of Self, Others and Society. Case Study 1 – Personality Personality is defined as the characteristics of a person...
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...Anglican (nominal); Unitarian | 5 | Louis Pasteur | the Germ Theory of Disease | Catholic | 6 | Sigmund Freud | Psychology of the Unconscious | Jewish; Atheist; Freudian psychoanalysis (Freudianism) | 7 | Galileo Galilei | the New Science | Catholic | 8 | Antoine Laurent Lavoisier | the Revolution in Chemistry | Catholic | 9 | Johannes Kepler | Motion of the Planets | Lutheran | 10 | Nicolaus Copernicus | the Heliocentric Universe | Catholic (priest) | 11 | Michael Faraday | the Classical Field Theory | Sandemanian | 12 | James Clerk Maxwell | the Electromagnetic Field | Presbyterian; Anglican; Baptist | 13 | Claude Bernard | the Founding of Modern Physiology | | 14 | Franz Boas | Modern Anthropology | Jewish | 15 | Werner Heisenberg | Quantum Theory | Lutheran | 16 | Linus Pauling | Twentieth-Century Chemistry | Lutheran | 17 | Rudolf Virchow | the Cell Doctrine | | 18 | Erwin Schrodinger | Wave Mechanics | Catholic | 19 | Ernest Rutherford | the Structure of the Atom | | 20 | Paul Dirac | Quantum Electrodynamics | | 21 | Andreas Vesalius | the New Anatomy | Catholic | 22 | Tycho Brahe | the New Astronomy | Lutheran | 23 | Comte de Buffon | l'Histoire Naturelle | | 24 | Ludwig Boltzmann | Thermodynamics | | 25 | Max Planck | the Quanta | Protestant | 26 | Marie Curie | Radioactivity | Catholic (lapsed) | 27 | William Herschel | the Discovery...
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...Physical activity or exercise is a core part of quality life because of its psychological and physiological benefits. Exercise assists in management of weight, reduction of blood pressure, lead to reduced risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, improved mood, and causes a general increased sense of well being. The mechanisms that control or govern the direction, choice, intensity and adherence to exercise are thus important. The mechanisms include external desires (extrinsic) that drive a person to exercise and internal feelings (intrinsic) that drive a person to exercise. In this regard, this assay evaluates the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on the motivation to engage in exercise. As already explained, intrinsic motivation to exercise pertains to engaging in physical activity because of the inherent satisfactions and pleasures the activity provides. Intrinsic factors influences motivation to engage in exercise through arousal. Inherent factors like feeling happy and feeling secure arouse the motivation to engage in an exercise. For example, some people engage in weight lifting because it makes them feel secure. Inherent feeling of wanting to be secure thus can arouse motivation to go weight lifting. Some people are motivated to perform specific exercises because the exercises make them feel happy. For instance, some people get motivated to play games like cards because that makes them happy. This arousal of motivation for exercise may occur...
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...Team Dynamics The saying “There’s no I in Team”, is usually said as a motivational quote and even at times as a silly antic, but it is true. Working in a team is a good positive way to develop good interaction skills in making a person a better leader. Team Dynamics is a processed learned from when you were in Kindergarten learning to work with other children to being in College and working on group projects. Team Dynamics is a good part of developing your personality. In your professional career, you have a better understanding of Team Dynamics; from beginning of your career as a subordinate to moving up in the career ladder and becoming a supervisor. But not only does Team Dynamics affect your educational and professional life, it also effects how you develop your friendships with others as well as your relationship with your family. From the ages of 4-6 years and beginning the new adventure of school, you learn about how it is to work in a group. Some children depending if they are the only child or the middle child react to groups in different ways. It is noted that the perception of children between these ages are too egocentric to engage in reciprocated in social exchanges. (Davis, 1991) As you get older and start working in team projects like for instance in high school; you either succeed or you fail. Not because the work was incorrect but because some children may feel threatened by the presence of other group members which then leads to “free loading”...
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...Instincts in Psychoanalysis Other Psychodynamic Theorists (Social-) Learning Theories Dollard/Miller's Stimulus-Response Theory B. F. Skinner and Personality as Behavior Bandura and Social Learning Self-Growth Theories Carl Rogers and Person-Centered Theory Maslow's Holistic Theory A Modern Theory of Personality: Big Five USING PSYCHOLOGY: What Determines Your Personality -Heredity? Environment? USING PSYCHOLOGY: What Determines Your Personality -Heredity and Environment REVIEW ACTIVITIES INTERESTED IN MORE? Personality: Theories WHAT'S THE ANSWER? "I'm really jealous of my sister. Here I am about to graduate, and I only made it into the Student Association this year. Sis's a freshman -- a frosh -- and she's already been elected." "Wilma, I know what you mean. My older brother was the same way. You know what your sister and my brother have in common? They've both got a lot of personality. Your sister kind of just radiates charm -- even for a first-year student! And Kirk's the same way: Everywhere he goes, people smile with him. He gushes at the right time, gets serious when he needs to, and always has a good word for everybody. He's just got a PSYCHOLOGY: Exploring Behavior Personality: Theories magnetic personality." here? 430 How is the term "personality" being used "I'll never forget that cookie jar. When we were real young, every time we visited my grandmother I used to scheme with my twin sister about how we could get into the jar and get those delicious cookies...
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...Research that has suggested a link between stress and ill health. Looking at the link between stress and illness, there have been many studies done to show the direct effect stress has in relation to illness, the main three pathways looked at are the direct effect, stress interacting with pre-existing vulnerabilities and how stress leads to behavioural changes that are not beneficial to one’s health. However it is hard for researchers to establish a definite cause and effect relationship between stress and specific physical symptoms or illnesses. Not only do people's minds and bodies react differently to stress, but there also are other factors at work when someone falls ill. Most researchers have found the more a person suffers from stress the weaker his or hers immune system becomes. In trying to understand why stress can be bad for the body is to look at it from an evolutionary perspective, where in the past our ancestors were often confronted with life threatening situations and as a result the ‘fight or flight’ response evolved. Whilst being confronted by dangerous situations such as confrontation with a predator it was necessary to send blood to the muscles and be in a heightened state of arousal, however today it might not be relevant to most everyday stressors. So we can say most stressors do not pose a physical danger to us yet the way our nervous and endocrine systems have evolved we react to the stressors as if they did, whilst it might have been an adaptive response...
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...revolutionized what it means to communicate with someone and what it means to be connected, and whether or not these changes have been beneficial or detrimental to relationships has been a hot topic among many scholars. Some scholars say that Facebook is beneficial for relationships. They claim that Facebook has made it easier to stay in contact with others, easier to express oneself to people online, that it enlarges their social circle, and they say that it makes it easier to connect and communicate with people that have meaning in their life. This is a valid argument because Facebook has opened up new forms of communication and connectivity with its 500 million-user society to keep in touch and communicate easily (Facebook, Kujath, Bargh, Sheldon, Ellison, Joinson). Other scholars argue that Facebook isn’t allowing for the right kind of interpersonal connections and communications to occur among relationships. Many scholars...
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...General Psychology Autism- severe chronic developmental disorder * Characterized by severely compromised ability to engage in and by a lack of interest in social interaction. *Autism Spectrum* 1. Asperger’s Syndrome * high/ normal intelligence * shy * problem on eye contact * don’t recognize facial expressions * focus only on 1 thing * absent minded * can’t adapt to changes 2. Semantic Pragmantic Disorder- more sociable 3. Hyperlexia- more on a symptom than a disorder - fascinated in letters and numbers but don’t communicate 4. Non-verbal Learning Disability- can’t recognize faces 5. Prosopagnosia- face blind (2.5% of the entire world) ~ ~ ~ Learning Disorder Dyslexia- reading disorder “Dyslexia” ADHD- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Stuttering- therapy “singing” Tics- abnormal movement that can’t be controlled Tourette’s Syndrome-vocal tics (5 in every 10k people) Coprolalia- involuntary shouting Separation Anxiety (No Description) Conduct Disorder (No Description) ~ ~ ~ Jean Piaget- 1st a BIOLOGIST Cognitive Development- ability to understand Genetic Epistemology- study of the development of knowledge Schemas- sensory motor skills A. Assimilation (No Description) B. Accommodation (No Description) Equilibrium- Balance of adaptation Stages of Cognitive Development 1. Sensorimotor- birth- 2 years old Primary Circular Reaction | 1 to 4 months | Mental Representation...
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...of crime. All of these studies and theories will be compared and examined to understand the standing of criminology today. The first study of why people commit crime revolved around the belief that criminal behavior resulted from a persons� abnormal psychology. These theories suggest that criminal behavior is caused by some underlying physical or mental condition. These conditions separate the societies criminals from the non- criminals (Adler et. al, 2007 p.116). The first people to study this rationale where called Positivist Criminologist and believed that; Human behavior is determined by forces beyond individual control and that is it possible to measure those forces�{They} view criminal behavior as stemming from biological, psychological and social factors. (Adler et. al, 2007 p.60) In the late 1870�s, Cesare Lombroso developed the theory that some people are just �born criminal� and have certain traits called atavistic stigmata that distinguish them from non-criminals. (Adler et. al, 2007 p.68) This theory soon lead to similar theories including the somatotype school of criminology. This theory was based upon a persons� physical build. Psychiatrist such as Ernst Kretschner, William Sheldon and Sheldon...
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...Crime and the affecting factors of the criminal behavior Prof. Dr. Ayman Elzeiny First : - Introduction to crime : The information about the crime reaches to the public may be through the newspapers , television programs, films, and novels . Some of us have accumulated experience with crime by having ourselves been victims or knowing others who have been victims, some by being offenders (or at least defendants), or knowing such individuals, and others by being occupationally concerned with prevention of crime or supervision of people found guilty of violating the law . There's many difficulties to offer a wholly satisfactory definition of the crime, a word frequently used and a phenomenon often encountered . For the purposes of scholarly study specifically, the amassing of reliable statistics, development of explanations and theories, and preparation of sound public policy a definition more exact than the mental images held by the public is essential . Crime is a by-product of civilization. Most civilized members of society obey authority and conform to the norms prevailing in their culture. Their obedience and compliance may vary in degree, but law-abiding citizens remain within the limits of tolerance. Crime then is a sociopolitical event subject to the definitions of the society in which it occurs. The social response to crime in terms of treatment of offenders is dependent upon the advance of the civilization and the affluence of the society...
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...Running head: Risk and Protective factors associated with Alcohol, Cigarette and Marijuana use during Adolescence. Risk and Protective factors: the effects of specific substances on adolescence. Sheldon Harrison Psychology LD10, Substance Use Professor S. Williams Fall 2008, Article #4 Researchers have studied the risk and protective factors associated with Alcohol, Cigarette and Marijuana use during Adolescence. Also they studied to determine if there were differences in risk and protective factors depending on the magnitude of their association with the previously mentioned substances. It was believed that substance use by adolescence had an effect on an individual’s whole cognitive functions, increases risk of crimes and maybe even death. It was also proven that the total economic cost of drug abuse was quite costly. Hence this research was deemed highly beneficial. In this study of risk and protective factors by Graves, Fernandez, Shelton, Frabutt and Williford (2005), both 11 – 17 year old male and female adolescent individuals were observed in the experiment. Results showed that cigarettes were the highest used substance, and also that there was a high correlation among the three substances. The predictions were that higher frequencies of substance use would be higher for older adolescence, adolescent males and those with a history of parental criminal involvement (Graves et al., 2005)...
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...BODY SIZE AND BODY FORM I. Analyzing Faces and Heads: Physiognomy and Phrenology To evaluate the outward appearance of the body and to read the mental and moral capacities of the person. Leaders of all 4 of these movements were highly educated. A. Physiognomy and facial observation –from greek, physio = nature, nomen = judge, judgement of human nature. Believed you could judge one’s mental and moral character by looking at one’s face. A ton of phrases today still show the judgement of character based solely on face (high brow, snooty, shifty eyed). 1. Giovanni Battista della Porta, Italy, De Humana Physiognomia (1586) –wrote first book on physiognomy. Porta was in Naples, Italy, a scientist and mathematician. Based his ideas on animal characteristics. In his book, he compared certain human faces to certain animal characteristics, and then associated the characteristics of the animal to the human. 2. Johann Lavater (1741-1801), Germany, Von der Physiognomik (1772) –Popularizes physiognomy, from Zurich, Switzerland, and then moved to Germany. Trained as a pastor. Makes physiognomy a science, through the publication of his work, “essays on physiognomy”. In the book, he laid out 100 physiognomy rules, where a look is associated with a trait. 3. General theory –The belief that mental and moral traits (character) can be determined and judged by one’s outward facial structure (their appearance and expressions). One trained in physiognomy could diagnose character by analyzing...
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...The American Dream is a national ethos of the United States in which freedom includes the promise of prosperity and success. In the definition of the American Dream by James Truslow Adams in 1931, "life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement" regardless of social class or circumstances of birth. The idea of the American Dream is rooted in the United States Declaration of Independence, which proclaims that "all men are created equal" and that they are "endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable Rights" including "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness”. Yet, it is still legal in 29 states to be fired for just being gay. In 33 of the 50 states of the United States of America, one can be fired for being transgendered. These states do not have legal protections for members of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) Community (Solmonese, 2009). So does the “American Dream” only apply to “first class citizens”? This paper explores if the Employee Non Discrimination Act (ENDA) would protect employment decisions, which should be based upon a person's qualifications and job performance, not sexual orientation or gender identity (Solmonese, 2009). For over 50 years when there has been a case of an American being denied employment or promotions for reasons that were unrelated to their skills in the workplace, Congress responded by passing laws which were aimed at designing a system...
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...Contemporary Educational Psychology 25, 54–67 (2000) doi:10.1006/ceps.1999.1020, available online at http://www.idealibrary.com on Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions Richard M. Ryan and Edward L. Deci University of Rochester Intrinsic and extrinsic types of motivation have been widely studied, and the distinction between them has shed important light on both developmental and educational practices. In this review we revisit the classic definitions of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in light of contemporary research and theory. Intrinsic motivation remains an important construct, reflecting the natural human propensity to learn and assimilate. However, extrinsic motivation is argued to vary considerably in its relative autonomy and thus can either reflect external control or true self-regulation. The relations of both classes of motives to basic human needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness are discussed. © 2000 Academic Press To be motivated means to be moved to do something. A person who feels no impetus or inspiration to act is thus characterized as unmotivated, whereas someone who is energized or activated toward an end is considered motivated. Most everyone who works or plays with others is, accordingly, concerned with motivation, facing the question of how much motivation those others, or oneself, has for a task, and practitioners of all types face the perennial task of fostering more versus less motivation in those around...
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