...or an organizing principle will not work; the United States faces China with ever-changing strategies. First of all, there are military conflicts in the South China Sea. Although China claims the South China Sea based on its history, the United States think...
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...Kidnapping for ransom is a common occurrence in various parts of the world today, and certain cities and countries are often described as the "Kidnapping Capital of the World." As of 2007, that title belongs to Iraq with possibly 1,500 foreigners kidnapped.[22][23] In 2004, it was Mexico,[24] and in 2001, it was Colombia.[25] Statistics are harder to come by. Reports suggest a world total of 12,500-25,500/year with 3,600/year in Colombia and 3,000/year in Mexico around the year 2000.[26] However by 2006, the number of kidnappings in Colombia had declined to 687 and it continues to decline.[27] Mexican numbers are hard to confirm because of fears of police involvement in kidnapping.[28] "Kidnapping seems to flourish particularly in fragile states and conflict countries, as politically motivated militias, organized crime and the drugs mafia fill the vacuum left by government."[21] In 2009, the Los Angeles Times named Phoenix, Arizona[29] as America's kidnapping capital, reporting that every year hundreds of ransom kidnappings occur there, virtually all within the underworld associated with human and drug smuggling from Mexico, and often done as a way of collecting unpaid debts. Other major U.S. cities that are hotbeds for kidnappings are Detroit, Atlanta, New Orleans, Houston, and Chicago.[29] Many of them are done by major street gangs near tourist attractions. During the year 1999 in the United States, 203,900 children were reported as the victims of family abductions and 58...
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...COMM 340 (03) Team #6 PIRACY: AVOIDING ATTACKS AND MINIMIZING THE IMPACTS Brock Josuttes 11094753 Nathan Keck 11123768 Josh MacGowan 11108277 Brittany Saunders 11099828 Brenley Schaan 11142699 PIRACY: AVOIDING ATTACKS AND MINIMIZING THE IMPACTS 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction .......................................................................................................................3 Anticipation .......................................................................................................................3 Location Risk ....................................................................................................................4 Northern and Western Indian Ocean.............................................................................4 Southeast Asia ..............................................................................................................4 Gulf of Guinea ...............................................................................................................4 Economic Risk ..................................................................................................................5 Prevention of Piracy (Currently Used Methods) ...............................................................5 Security .........................................................................................................................6 Strategic Route Selection ...............
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...waters, but what exactly is piracy? Piracy is the practice of attacking and robbing ships at sea. The piracy epidemic in Somalia is not going to go away overnight. Piracy in Somalia has drastically affected everything about the country. Piracy might now sound like a whole lot of a big deal, but the real fact is, it is a big deal. Solving such an issue as piracy is not an easy task by any means. To solve any issue one must understand the effects of the issue. The effect of Somalian piracy on the shores of Somalia can be fully understood, but it takes, time, patience and hard work. The Somalian pirates have caused untold mayhem on Somalia’s environment, economy people, and the Government One of the biggest thing affected by the piracy in Somalia is the environment. Somali pirates are linked to illegal fishing and toxic waste dumping. As Saeed Shabazz puts it. Over fishing is a huge problem for Somalia right now. Not only is it a problem for them but also for the world. Since there is over fishing the fish populations in that area are deplenishing. The fish are not given enough time to reproduce causing less fish. Thus the effect of that is less food all around, which causes the Somalian pirates to move all along the shores of Somalia depleting the resources in the sea. Toxic waste dumping by the pirates in the sea is also another major problem. The waste the pirates dump into the sea consists of plastic, chemicals, oil, and other pollutants. These such pollutants also contribute...
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...1007/s11417-007-9040-1 Kidnap for Ransom in South East Asia The Case for a Regional Recording Standard Mohd Kassim Noor Mohamed Received: 27 July 2007 / Accepted: 5 November 2007 / Published online: 15 December 2007 # Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2007 Abstract Kidnapping for ransom is not a new phenomenon. According to the Control Risk Group, an international risk consultancy, kidnappings of foreign nationals globally have increased by 275% over the past 10 years. High profile incidents such as the tourist kidnappings in 2000 by the Abu Sayyaf group, operating out of the troubled southern region of the Philippines, show that South East Asia has its own regionalised kidnapping hotspots. It is suspected that a high proportion of kidnappings are perpetrated by economically motivated crime groups but it is not possible to estimate with any degree of accuracy what percentage can be attributed to organised crime. This article will provide an overview of the problem, drawing upon existing literature available in the public domain. A typological discussion will show the critical differences between the various categories of kidnapping. The reliability of existing statistics, categorisation and recording of kidnapping for ransom will also be scrutinised, in particular for their variability across the region, to see whether this presents a barrier to a better understanding of the size and seriousness of the problem. As kidnapping for ransom incidents are becoming increasingly...
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...pirates (AEDI 5). Pirates are very wealthy men in their country. In a place where everyone suffers in poverty, a little wealth can seem like the cowl of a cape crusader. Despite their reasoning, the actions of the Somali Pirates are negatively affecting Somalia, neighboring countries and the countries who are taking anti-piracy measures to stop them. In 2010 it is estimated that pirates indirectly cost their neighbors about 125 billion dollars (“Maritime piracy costs”). Egypt is losing revenue that comes from the fees they charge ships to use the Suez Canal. What would be Suez Canal bound ships are choosing to re-route to avoid the chance of pirates violently seizing their ships and potentially holding valuable passengers and cargo for ransom. This ultimately results in the increase of the final price of the re-routed ship’s contents executed through increasing the cost of shipping. A notable case...
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...Citation: 50 Va. J. Int'l L. 553 2009-2010 Content downloaded/printed from HeinOnline (http://heinonline.org) Wed Nov 6 03:36:58 2013 -- Your use of this HeinOnline PDF indicates your acceptance of HeinOnline's Terms and Conditions of the license agreement available at http://heinonline.org/HOL/License -- The search text of this PDF is generated from uncorrected OCR text. -- To obtain permission to use this article beyond the scope of your HeinOnline license, please use: https://www.copyright.com/ccc/basicSearch.do? &operation=go&searchType=0 &lastSearch=simple&all=on&titleOrStdNo=0042-6571 50TH ANNIVERSARY COMMEMORATIVE ESSAY Somalia: State Failure, Piracy, and the Challenge to International Law MARIO SILVA* Introduction .......................................................................................... I. T he Failed State ......................................................................... A . In General ........................................................................ B. Case Study: Somalia ........................................................ 1. Political Instability in Somalia ............................. 2. Economic Instability in Somalia .......................... 3. Humanitarian Challenges and Societal Instability in Somalia ............................................ II. P iracy ......................................................................................... A . In General ..................................................
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...Think Piece 1 On December 28, 2011, Iran’s first Vice President Mohammad Rahimi clearly suggested that they could close the Strait of Hormuz in response to possible sanctions by Western countries (Library of Congress. Foreign Affairs Division & Library of Congress, 2012). The statement stirred up a sense of oil crisis among Japanese (Bradsher & Krauss, 2012). Dr. Daniel Yergin argues in the book the quest that there is a low probability of Iran blocking the sea lanes of communication (SLOC) in the Strait of Hormuz. However, He overlooks several ways in which Iran could interrupt the SLOC. Moreover, there are potential risks in the SLOC such as piracy which costs a large sum of ransom money. Therefore, in order for Japan to become an energy secure country, it needs to take the geopolitical and security situations in the SLOC from the Middle East to Japan into account and respond accordingly....
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...She proved to the world that women hold high potentials. However, her story met a tragic and mysterious end on July 2, 1937, when, on a trip to fly around the world, her plane, a twin-engine Lockheed Electra, disappeared near the International Date Line in the central Pacific Ocean. Although there exists a considerable amount of speculation by scholars about the exact circumstances that led to her disappearance, such as the probability of her being stranded on a deserted island for years. Nothing can be acknowledged with absolute certainty. Though most people think that she simply ran out of fuel and crashed into the sea. Another theory claims that she was a spy for Franklin D Roosevelt and was imprisoned by the...
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...Regardless of one’s position in the society one cannot force his/her way into a private property. b. In the United States of America, a private property can only be entered into by the uninvited when there is a court order giving the authorities permission to enter the premises. This can as a result cause security threat or health threat posed by people or property inside the private property. Exercise two A firm has the features that it concentrates on. The features included improved economic power, improved profits, have employees, set prices in the market and puts inputs in their business to get profits. An 18th century pirate ship is a firm that comes together to get more profits and inputs. These include the ship and time spent in the sea, whether it has employees as...
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...To The Shores of Tripoli Muslim foes. Kidnappings. How the Barbary Wars foreshadowed things to come By CHRISTOPHER HITCHENS Within days of his March 1801 inauguration as the third President of the United States, Thomas Jefferson ordered a naval and military expedition to North Africa, without the authorization of Congress, to put down regimes involved in slavery and piracy. The war was the first in which the U.S. flag was carried and planted overseas; it saw the baptism by fire of the U.S. Marine Corps—whose anthem boasts of action on "the shores of Tripoli"—and it prefigured later struggles with both terrorism and jihad. The Barbary States of North Africa—Algiers, Tunis, Morocco and Tripoli (today's Libya)—had for centuries sustained themselves by preying on the maritime commerce of others. Income was raised by direct theft, the extortion of bribes or "protection" and the capture of crews and passengers to be used as slaves. The historian Robert Davis, in his book Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean, the Barbary Coast and Italy, 1500-1800, estimates that as many as 1.25 million Europeans and Americans were enslaved. The Barbary raiders—so called because they were partly of Berber origin—struck as far north as England and Ireland. It appears, for example, that almost every inhabitant of the Irish village of Baltimore was carried off in 1631. Samuel Pepys and Daniel Defoe...
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...considered. Various strategies for the elements of the marketing mix will be formulated based on options that are best suited to entering foreign markets. Target Markets will be identified and also any possible competitors that may already exist in the Market. Basically the overall purpose of this plan is to formulate specific export strategy for SuperBoatbuilders to enter the Malaysian Market. Introduction: SupaBoatbuilders Pty Ltd is a company that manufactures and distributes Aluminum boats commonly use for military and coastal patrol purposes. The company is currently looking to expand and export its products into foreign markets, specifically Malaysia. SuperBoatbuilders’ pride stems from the success of designing and building high speed Patrol boats. In 1987 it introduced its first ever power boat to South African Markets, the GreatWhite, the name inspired by one of the most resilient creatures in the...
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...The spring of 1623 found the ship Jonathon and it’s very few passengers landing 50 miles north of the present day Boston. This handful of men, under the leadership of David Thompson, had come to the New World to earn money for a group of men in England known as the Plymouth Council. They were to evaporate sea water to obtain salt to preserve the fish they caught, they were also to cut timber. These products were to be shipped to England and sold. If the endeavor prospered the settlement would continue if not then it would certainly be abandoned. These men settled near the mouth of a river they called ‘Piscataqua’, a Native American name, and they named their settlement ‘Pannaway’. They quickly built rudimentary huts covered with bark, turf, and clay, so that they could begin their...
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...• The narrator tells us that a clan called the Spear-Danes, in "days gone by" (that's the past, to you) had some awesome heroic kings. • The first of these hero-kings is Shield Sheafson, who is basically awesome because he could rampage and pillage with the best of them—both on the battlefield and in the mead hall, if you get our drift. He is an orphan, but he eventually becomes king and then subjugates other nearby clans, making them pay tribute to the Spear-Danes. • Shield's son is Beow, a wise, prudent, valiant prince who sympathizes with the hardships his people have endured. • Shield dies in the prime of his life and is buried at sea in a ship loaded with wealth and treasures, according to the custom of the Spear-Danes. It sails off and nobody knows what happens to it. • Beow becomes king and rules long and well. He is succeeded by Halfdane, a warlord who has three sons, Heorogar, Hrothgar, and Halga, and one daughter. Halfdane's daughter isn't given a name in the poem, although we assume that she had one, but we do learn that she marries Onela, the king of the Swedes. • Halfdane's son Hrothgar is fortunate in battle and gradually amasses the most followers and wealth of any of the princes, so he becomes king after his father. • To consolidate his power, Hrothgar builds a grand mead-hall, Heorot Hall, which does dual duty as a throne room and a hangout for the powerful members of his "court." Okay, we say court, but it's really just a bunch of tough barbarians in grimy...
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...Hon Sui Sen Drive (117588) Tel: 68746179 Fax: 67767505 Email: isaspt@nus.edu.sg Wesbite: www.isas.nus.edu.sg ECONOMIC IMPACT OF TERRORISM ON THE SOUTHEAST ASIAN REGION 1 S. Narayan 2 Introduction The most important sea-lane of communication (SLOC) in the Southeast Asian region is the Straits of Malacca, the main passage between the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea. It is 600 miles long and 300 miles wide on its western side. The length of the Singapore Straits, which connects Malacca with the South China Sea, is 75 miles, with an overall width of less than 12 miles. The Malacca and Singapore Straits provides the artery through which a significant proportion of global trade is conducted. Some 50,000 ship movements carrying as much as one quarter of the world’s commerce and half the world’s oil pass through these Straits each year. The second SLOC is the wider and deeper Lombok. It is less congested than the Straits of Malacca, is quite often used as an alternative passage and is considered a safer route. The third SLOC is the 50-mile long Straits of Sunda, another alternative to Malacca. Because the currents are strong and the depth of the water is limited, deep draft ships do not use these straits. The largest SLOC is the South China Sea. It stretches 1,800 nautical miles from Sumatra to Taiwan and is home to four principal island groups and three major zones of 1 2 This paper was presented at the “Homeland & Maritime Security Asia 2005” International...
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