...The Department of Housing and Urban Development U.S Department of Housing and Urban Development, HUD’s mission is to create strong, sustainable, inclusive communities and quality affordable homes for all. HUD is working to strengthen the housing market to bolster the economy and protect consumers; meet the need for quality affordable rental homes: utilize housing as a platform for improving quality of life; build inclusive and sustainable communities free from discrimination; and transform the way HUD does business. The Housing Act of 1937, also known as the Wagner-Seagull Act. The Act provides subsidies paid from the U.S. government to local public housing agencies. The purpose is to improve living conditions for low-income families (The Housing Act of 1937, 2011). According to writes D. Bradford Hunt, historians miss-understood the intent of the Housing Act of 1937. The Act was known to be the housing program comprised by amendments originating from real estate and conservative interests. Rather the 1937 Housing Act should be considered as a Progressive bill that maintained quite well in the legislative process (Hunt, 2005). The Housing Act of 1937 was developed out of the National Housing Act of 1934, which created the Federal Housing Administration. The primary lead in the developments was Catherine Bauer; she drafted most of the legislation, also served as Director in the U.S. Housing Authority. The purpose of the Housing Authority was to aid the control of...
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...........................8 References.....................................................9 1 Introduction: Since 2007,The UK housing market entered the most British call the "golden decade" of development in. During this period, prices rise violently is unique not only in the United Kingdom in the historical development. According to the British "entrepreneurship and investment" report, the world's leading real estate agents research department released the latest in 2014 four quarter report shows that in 2014 the British house prices will reach 7%. The central London area of gold prices are undervalued, the prices still showed a continuing rise trend. Especially with the development of the British domestic economy, the increasing influence of British buyers. Although the following 2013 rising, the price of this area growth will slow. But by the end of 2014,housing prices will be close to 6% rather than the previous forecast of 4%. Indeed, according to the Halifax, the UK's largest mortgage lender, 80% of Britain's 667 main towns were unaffordable for most people hoping to buy their first home in 2014. 1 Population: Population is growing faster than before and have high demand. Compared to other countries, Such as, Germany, France and other Western European countries, also Britain's area is small, but in recent years, the birth rate has been extremely high. What is more important is to attracted large...
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...ASA University Review, Vol. 4 No. 1, January–June, 2010 Housing Real Estate Sector in Bangladesh Present Status and Policies Implications Suborna Barua* Ali Haider Al Mamun Mridha** Rezwanul Huque Khan** Abstract The real estate sector is the growth centre for the development of an economy. Bangladesh, being one of the densely populated nations in the world, has been experiencing severe of houses shortage for its citizens. Although majority of the population is segmented into the middle and the low income groups, still housing for all 1has been a fallacy in Bangladesh. The private sector housing real estate developers have met a small proportion of the national housing demand in the last more than twenty years. The gap between demand and supply is still joy wide. Despite inadequate policy preparations, these real estate developers have been successfully making business although the middle and the low income households are still untapped. With the larger proportion of people living in this income group, the private housing real estate sector has a huge scope to grow in this country. The positive notion is supported by many key indicators such as increasing house rent, inadequate and costly land, easier financing availability and more. To pave the way for the organic development of the industry, the problem of long existent inadequate financing availability at lower burden of terms and costs must have to be removed immediately, and wider scope has to be created for Non-Resident...
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...countries or economies that have housing policies or measures to stabilize the housing markets. Provide your views or suggestions on the best measure to stabilize the housing markets that could be considered or used in Melbourne. In 2013, Melbourne’s population was 4.3 million. By the year 2030 Melbourne’s population is set to reach 6 million and by 2051 the population will jump to 7.8 million. With population growth of this magnitude the demand on housing will undoubtedly increase. In 2014, in his opening remarks at the Bundesbank/German Research Foundation/IMF Conference, Mr Min Zhu, Deputy Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) stated remarked: “Housing booms have different characteristics across countries and time periods. What is common is that when the bust comes, it very often damages financial stability and the real economy. The tools for containing housing booms are still being developed. The evidence on their effectiveness is only just starting to accumulate. The interactions of various policy tools can be complex. But all this should not be an excuse for inaction. The interlocking use of multiple tools might overcome the shortcomings of any single policy tool.” Indeed, as there are no magic bullets to ensure a stable housing market, it is prudent to therefore to review differing policies that are currently used by other countries to help stabilize their housing markets. In the paragraphs bellows are housing market policy examples or measures...
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...End this cry of poverty. Shifts are perspective about what constitutes the housing problem and its context contributes to the changes to the changes in solutions over the past 50 years. Initially, the national government served as the primary provider of housing services shown in the history of government housing policies and programs. Alternative approaches by NGOs and POs filled the gaps in government services, with demonstrated success (Rebuhida , Endriga & Santos, 1999). As squatters in Metro Manila, the families lived in congested slums where ventilation was poor because shocks were closely joined or "plastered" to one another. Dwelling were mostly one-or-two-room affairs that served multiple needs. Frequently, three to four families share the same household. For those living near riverbanks, the dwelling was practically supported by stilts (Cuyegkeng, 1985). According to Cuyegkeng, families with no shelter are now living in such places and now called themselves as squatters. Some LGVs even express fears that accommodating in- city housing may serve as a precedent for other urban poor groups to make the same demands; further congesting their cities limited space. But without the LGV's full commitment, the report said, action on informal settlements "will continue to be a piecemeal venture, rather...
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...The objective of our project is to deeply analyze the Real Estate Industry in India. Our Analysis includes Demand and Supply in the real estate market, Production and Cost analysis, Consumer behavior effect on demand and costs. We have further analyzed the Market structure of Real Estate Industry and the different strategies about by different players. During our Analysis we have taken DLF infrastructure as an illustration to reflect some concepts, facts and figures about Real Estate Industry. * * * Introduction * The Real Estate Sector in India The real estate sector in India is flourishing rapidly with a growth rate of 30 percent each year. About 80 percent of the real estate development in India has been in the field of residential housing. The remaining 20 percent of the real estate includes office, shopping malls, entertainment centers, hotels, multiplexes and hospitals. India’s booming outsourcing business industry and consumption-led growth are contributing significantly to its real estate growth. The outsourcing business houses including call centers, technical consultancy services, and medical transcription units and programming houses constituted around 10 million square feet of real estate growth in India till 2003. In last couple of years the share of commercial sector in the overall real estate growth has been more prominent. Considering the advantages...
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...stickers, we know that the suburbs are more complicated and less cosy than their popular image”. Definitions Suburb, suburbia:. Suburbia generally refers to the outer residential parts of a continuously built-up city. A suburb is a socially homogeneous district within that area. The term carries connotations of fairly low densities of occupance and of a particular life style suited to family and leisure needs. [The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography]. Philip Davies [Director, London Region, English Heritage] Suburbanisation: The outward growth of urban development to engulf surrounding villages and rural areas. “Suburbs are at risk of becoming new inner cities in terms of deprivation” [The Guardian December 31st 2003] Suburbanisation and the Cycle of Urbanisation The suburbs of the capital city cover almost two thirds of its area and house more than half its population. According to a recent Greater London Authority publication [A city of Villages: Promoting a sustainable future for London’s suburbs] “Unlike other UK cities, London does not entirely conform to the pattern of deprived inner city and affluent suburban ring....
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...Housing Challenges? Dhaka • Primate city. • 13 million people, (34% urban population) • Area 1,353 km2 ; density 18055 /sq km (National urban 3004/sq km) • 5th largest city by 2030 in world • 36 % population live below poverty line Housing sector performance 85 % of housing stock is informal. housing deficiency is 40 thousand units/year 5 fold increase in price of land over last five years. Housing supply is dependent on market and State has little control over market monopoly Recent boom in the real estate business Present Scenario of Housing • 5000 slums accommodating 3.4 million • 60 % rental accommodation provided by informal sector • • Homeownership 20 %, Rental- 80% Govt’s contribution is 10 % • Centralised power of Capital development authority Housing provision for different Groups H o m e o w n e r s h i p Group High income and Upper middle income Middle income Lower middle income Low income Supply actors Real estate developers, privately developed, Capital development Authority ,NHA National Housing Authority (plot and Flat), Private rental Private land owners (private rental), NHA(?), Private rental (illegal occupation of Govt land and private property) Resettlement/rehabilitatio n camps, govt employee colonies, NGO, local authority approaches Apartment, serviced plots, Flats performance Capitalistic monopoly Highly targeted Plot, Flat Inadequate Flat Employee quarters, core houses Market supply Subject to...
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...Federal Government Housing Policy Park University EC301 A crucial role is played by the federal government in supporting the construction of housing financially and offering ownership as well as rental support for households with lower income since the 1930s. In the recent period, numerous programs are being funded by the Congress in order to meet up to the housing requirements for the population that is poor and susceptible. The plans are mainly controlled by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The contemporary housing assistance plans involve the comparatively flexible grants for the state as well as the local governments. This is done so as to assist the homeless people, build up reasonably priced housing and offer support to the first-time buyers. This was also done to encourage community development as well as more planned, direct support programs that would assist in providing low-priced apartments and even rental vouchers to the deprived families, managed through quasi-public, local public and the private intermediaries (McCarty & Et. Al., “Overview of Federal Housing Assistance Programs and Policy”). The main objective of the paper is to analyze the housing policies adopted by the federal government related to the mortgage and funding system. With this concern, the discussion of the paper will intend to identify the strategies implemented by the federal government persuade lenders and low-income borrowers in dealing with highly...
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...The Research Proposal For The Relationship among Shanghai Commercial Housing Price and Four Variables, Disposable Income, Completed Housing Area, Interest Rate, and Inflation Rate (2007-2010) BY FIN (2) Yang Bohan 0730200084 Tel: 13750016724 Guo Bingyu Liu Yuanjia Xia Jinjing Teng Linyan Li Hui 0730100034 0730100086 0730200079 0730200063 0730200148 Beijing Normal University – Hong Kong Baptist University United International College May 14, 2010 0 Table of Content 1. 2. 3. 4. 6. 7. 8. Title ........................................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction ..............................................................................
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...DEMAND AND SUPPLY FOR HOUSING The determination of prices in local and regional housing markets is a classic example of microeconomics in action! We are seeing the interaction between buyer and seller with prices being offered and agreed before a final transaction is made. In this section we focus on the demand and supply side factors that determine the value of properties in a market. Each housing transaction in the UK depends on a) The price that the seller is willing to agree for their property with the prospective buyer b) The actual price that the buyer is willing and able to pay. Buyers place offers for a property that the seller can either accept or reject A Sellers’ Market When the market demand for properties in a particular area is high and when there is a shortage of good quality properties (i.e. supply is scarce) then the balance of power in the market shifts towards the seller. This is because there is likely to be excess demand in the market for good properties. Sellers can wait for offers on their property to reach (or exceed) their minimum selling price. A Buyers’ Market Conversely when demand both for new and older housing is weak and when there is a glut of properties available on the market, then the power switches to potential buyers. They have a much wider choice of housing available and they should be able to negotiate a price that is lower than the published price. When the demand for houses in a particular area increases (perhaps because...
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...infant mortality and low birth weight, a major component is living conditions the expected mothers are exposed to. This can be linked to the financial status of the parents. In Canada, the infant mortality rate is 60% higher and the low birth rate is 43% higher in the poorest income quintile than the richest quintile (Raphael, 2010). The effects of income on health are best portrayed by the living conditions to which children are exposed to. Income not only has a direct relationship with children’s health but various developmental outcomes as well. Income is a great indicator for the quality of nutrition, clothing, and housing children receive as well as the opportunities they may have available to them when it comes to education and recreation. There is a concern rising for Canadians because income inequalities among families are increasing while the housing and food security situation is decreasing. This is a problem because children are being...
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...LITERATURE REVIEW 3 HOUSE FINANCE GLOBAL VIEW 3 HOUSING STRATEGY 4 CONDITIONS TO FACILITATE LENDING 8 DEMAND AND SUPPLY FOR HOUSING 8 TANZANIA HOUSING FINANCE THEORY 10 CHAPTER THREE 12 FINDINGS 12 Demand for housing finance 12 Current Condition in Tanzania 12 Access to Housing Finance 13 HOUSING POLICY AND HOUSING MARKET 14 ACCESS TO HOUSING FINANCE MAIN CHALLENGES 18 CHAPTER FOUR 21 CONCLUSIONS 21 References; 22 Abstract We examine the extent to which markets enable the provision of housing finance across a wide range of Regions in Tanzania. Housing is a major purchase requiring long-term financing, and the factors that are associated with well functioning housing finance systems are those that enable the provision of long-term finance. Across all countries, controlling for country size, we find that countries with stronger legal rights for borrowers and lenders (through collateral and bankruptcy laws), deeper credit information systems, and a more stable macroeconomic environment have deeper housing finance systems. These same factors also help explain the variation in housing finance across emerging market economies. Across developed countries, which tend to have low macroeconomic volatility and relatively extensive credit information systems, variation in the strength of legal rights helps explain the extent of housing finance. CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Because of its apparent social and political importance, housing finance for the poor seems an area ripe for policy...
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...Christopher Cordon Sociology 142 Friday 4- 4:50 P.M. 04-12-16 USC Village: What’s the Cost? Jack hammers, dump trucks, construction cranes and safety cones; all in a days work at USC’s new university village. We’ve all been somewhat affected by the recent demolition and construction in and around USC. Along with all the construction going on, traffic jams, detours as well as some of the noise going on, students such as myself aren’t the only ones affected. As beautiful and appealing as these renovations might seem, the price of a new beautiful new village does come at a cost to the residents, businesses and employees of the surrounding community. I was a member of this community as a young kid. I went to Vermont Ave. elementary just down the street form USC, and growing up, I did see a few changes here and there. Back in the early 90’s, the neighborhood had a completely different feel to it. There were gangs, drugs, and violence; typical for a South Los Angeles neighborhood. Over the years, USC’s presence started to change a few things. As students began to trickle over to the northwest neighborhoods, the tone of the neighborhood slowly changed. I was in elementary, so I didn’t really make much of it, only that a few of my friends from my block began moving away. As an 8 year old, you don’t really put two and two together until I started noticing the same thing in my new neighborhood in East Hollywood. Since it wasn’t a college neighborhood, there wasn’t a diverse group...
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...PIEDMONT HOUSING ALLIANCE | COURSE PORTFOLIO PROJECT PT.1 | GB519 DECISION MAKING AND MEASUREMENT | TRAVIS N.T. DORSO 2/14/2012 | Abstract In the interest of the current economy, it would be of curiosity to look into the depths of companies that are currently being funded by the government and where these funds are being used. As the economy recesses more than progresses, consumers are finally becoming more aware of how taxes are being spent. This review is to evaluate an organization based on its product or service provided by critiquing its financial, customer, internal business and learning and growth. As the review is being read, also found will be the significant costs that are associated with the organization in an attempt to identify its quality of its product or service and if it has a significant effect on it environment, whether internal or on the economy. Piedmont Housing Alliance Piedmont Housing Alliance, for abbreviation (PHA), is a service oriented nonprofit organization that is federal funded by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, which will have the abbreviation of (HUD), Virginia Fair Housing Office, abbreviation (VFHO), as well as receiving funds from both local, state, and county governments. Its organizational goal, PHA, is to ensure quality of life by offering a variety of community development services that are targeted towards low to moderate income families in the area. Its organization is broken down into...
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