...Proposal on Refugee issues in Australia Name Instructor Task Date 1. Introduction. Refugees who are defined as people that are residing outside their countries of origin have a different reason for their migration to other countries. Sometimes referred to as asylum seekers, the individuals commonly seek refuge in other countries as they flee from harsh economic social and political conditions present in their countries of origin. Since time immemorial, Australia has had international obligations to protect the refugee’s rights starting from how they arrive to where they arrive. The Australian government is internationally obliged under different treaties that ensure that the human rights of the refugees are respected as well as protected. According to (Phillips & Spinks, 2013, p.241), the number of refugees that arrive to Australia by boat is approximately 4586. Research question, significance and aims of the research (I) Research questions * What accounts for the high number of refugees that arrive to Australia per annum? * What are the necessary actions, to ensure that the management of refugees and asylum seekers that come to Australia is done in the appropriate manner? * Is there a link between the number of refugees that arrive to Australia per year and the quality of service that the refugees receive from the department of immigration and citizenship? (II) Significance The significance of this study is to: * Examine the factors...
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...Introduction According to Schweitzer et al (2007) ‘In the 2002-03 program year, Australia granted a total of 12 525 visas under its Humanitarian Program ( Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs, 2003). In keeping with the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) guidelines, priority was given to the resettlement of people from Africa, with this group comprising 47% of all humanitarian entrants (Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs, 2003). Humanitarian immigrants present higher levels of stress and socialisation problems when compared to other migrant entrants (MacLennan, 1997). A significant portion of humanitarian entrants have ran from circumstances involving great violence and exhibit trauma, economic turmoil, loss of family and social networks, and significant breaks from education or work (Kline &Mone, 2003). Refugees tend to have experienced war and famine (Adams et al, 2004) and these experiences have led them to experience substantially trauma, involving physical and mental torture, sexual abuse, and other distressing conditions (Neuner et al, 2004). According to Farwell (2004), experiencing trauma during war and economic troubles leads to their mental turmoil. Experiencing and witnessing violence is connected to an array of various deliberating psychological effects such as anxiety, depression, substance abuse and post-traumatic stress disorder (Silove, 2001). Psychological distress related to psychosomatic...
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...Social interactions bring a sense of belonging and meaning to the lives of newly-arrived migrants and refugees and increases the social capital and richness to regional communities. Research into the regional settlement of humanitarian entrants indicates that social ties, such as involvement with family and friends, along with a welcoming and accepting community, are key factors for migrants remaining in a regional location. As evidenced in the Limestone Coast study, the lack of these social factors can also contribute to the outmigration of a regional area. It is therefore essential that the social dimension is factored into the settlement process, particularly in regional areas as the effects are felt more acutely in smaller communities. Research has found that...
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...This report details the extent to how internationally displaced persons are disadvantaged in Australia. Its primary aim is to educate and enlighten about the true aspects of displacement and what Australian institutions are doing about it. Additionally, some measures of support to this group will be suggested that may be brought to attention in the future. In this context, the report’s scope will only take Australian matters into consideration. To support this report, evidence is supplied primarily from literary resources published by various associations and coalitions involved with the support of refugees and asylum seekers. LUKE DO YOUR FINDINGS 2.0 Introduction In Australia, immigration has been a ubiquitous problem, especially in recent...
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...Australia’s history is striking in that immigration, in a myriad of forms, essentially gave life to the nation as it is today. Australia has long been considered a prime location for asylum seekers, with it’s stable governance, high quality of life and already established immigrant communities, it is easy to see why individuals seeking asylum from religious or ethnic persecution, conflict or despotism choose Australia to lodge their claims. Be it Europeans escaping Soviet expansion post World War 2 or South Vietnamese allies fleeing Vietnam following the fall of Saigon in 1975, the development of Australia’s history and culture is inseparably linked to these Asylum seekers who come “across the sea” to our boundless plains. Australia continues to receive asylum seekers in the 21st century however there has been an apparent shift in the nations psyche towards these asylum seekers. A moral panic is defined as a disproportionate response to a perceived threat by one group towards another. Is the reaction to Asylum seekers in Australia an example of moral panic?...
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...Financial Times (London, England) October 20, 2011 Thursday London Edition 3 'Environmental migration' fears BYLINE: Clive Cookson in London SECTION: WORLD NEWS; Pg. 7 LENGTH: 448 wordsHIGHLIGHT: News analysisTens of millions of people are moving to places that are more vulnerable to environmental disaster, particularly the urban flood plains of Asia and Africa, according to a UK government report.By focusing mainly on the people displaced by drought, floods and famine, the world is neglecting those "trapped" in deteriorating environmental conditions or moving into them, says the study prepared by the government's Foresight programme that examines issues 20 to 80 years in the future.The report is the outcome of a two-year study involving 350 experts from 30 countries.It says the problems of migration in response to environmental change are far more complex and challenging than policymakers have realised. But the report, which looks ahead for 50 years, urges them to focus on the positive as well as negative impact of migration."Under some circumstances migration, particularly in low-income countries, can transform a community's ability to cope with environmental change," said Sir John Beddington, UK chief scientific adviser."The movement of individuals or small groups, even at a local or regional level, may increase the future resilience of large communities," he added."This will reduce the risk of both humanitarian disasters and of potentially destabilising mass migration...
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...this era of globalization, internal factors of a state can produce some external impacts on other neighboring countries; which is commonly known as a “spillover effects” in political science. Some cases even become so much critical to solve, that the whole continent become affected by the problem. The impact of that ethnic conflict becomes so vulnerable, that the case has not been concealed nationally but also become an international phenomenon. In my case, the problem has become a huge threat to national and international security system. The hypothesis of the paper is to conducting possible security threat across the borders, particularly in the whole south-Asian region. The ethnic violence in Myanmar has some direct impact on social, political and economic processes at national and international levels. In fact, the conflict can result not only in destabilizing the trade and security of Myanmar, but also of the surrounding states. But my concern is focusing the ongoing security issue inside and across borders due to that conflict. That’s why, I think this is a very urgent matter to study and its totally connected with the problem of IR. (Koser 2005, pp- 12) International communities could not able to present perfect legislation or implement new constitution for that particular case so far in order to address the problem of security threat and securitization of migration. (Ibrahim 2005, pp.-183) Research Question: “Are Rohingya Muslims as a Irregular migrants creating...
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...hours per fortnight* when your course is in session (other than work which has been registered as a part of the course). Note: No work limits apply during recognised periods of vacation offered by your education provider. You cannot undertake work until you have commenced your course in Australia. *A fortnight means any period of 14 days commencing on a Monday and ending at the end of the second following Sunday. If you have a subclass 574 visa, you have no work limits applying once you have commenced your Masters by research or Doctorate course in Australia. | 8202 | All | You must remain enrolled in a registered course (unless you are a Foreign Affairs or Defence sponsored student or secondary exchange student in which case you must maintain full-time enrolment in your course of study or training). Note: A registered course is one that is on the Commonwealth Register of Institutions and Courses for Overseas Students (CRICOS). See: CRICOS You must maintain satisfactory attendance in your course and course progress for each study period as required by your education provider. | 8501 | All | You must maintain adequate arrangements for health insurance during your stay in Australia. Note: Under policy, this means that you must maintain Overseas Student Health Cover (OSHC). | 8516 | All | You must continue to satisfy the requirements for grant of your student visa. This means, for example, that your...
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...this Bulgaria case: 5 Refugees: 5 Bulgarians: 6 European Union: 7 IS-terrorist attacks: 8 Apply the ethical approach into the view of the Bulgaria’s government: 8 Conclusion 10 REFERENCE: 10 Introduction: As we can see that ethics is perceived in different angles and aspects but it is, undeniably, an important role of ethics in our life. According to Noel Preston (2001, p.18) ethics indicates the general views of what is right, fair or good. It is also the core values, rules which we use to make our choices and actions. Similarly, (Boardman, 2005) said that ethics is applied naturally for many areas such as our own lives, business and an organisation. In our daily lives, making decisions and actions seem to be driven or motivated from/ by the certain standards or values. Furthermore, ethics target on evaluating the right or wrong behaviours of both individuals and the good or bad performance of an organisation. This report will evaluate the ethical approach which Bulgaria government uses to make the fence-line decision. This paper will be divided into four parts. The first part is going to summary the Bulgaria cases. The next part will come up with all stakeholders and typology theories. Then the third part, this report will apply these stakeholder and typology theories into each stakeholder. The last part will evaluate the decision in term of government’ view. An overview of Bulgaria’s refugee’s crisis: In recent years, a surge of refugees who mostly...
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...1. Introduction More than 100,000 years ago the first modern humans left Africa and began to colonize the world. Since then human history is also a history of migration. Migration has always been a strong impetus towards human development, these days however migration is often seen as problem or threat. Migration is defined as the permanent change of residence of a person or group. It is a natural social phenomenon. Humans have colonized the entire world and penetrated its remotest areas. Migration is taking place within very different contexts: f.e. military conquest, refugees, expulsion or enslavement. But migrants have also traveled in search of economic opportunities, new settlement areas or trade routes. Currently approximately 216,000,000 people are living away from their place of birth. This number equals about 3% of the world population. Analyzing the reasons for migration one distinguishes between push and pull factors - often both appear together. Push factors are circumstances in the country of origin that lead people to emigrate, for example poverty, war or environmental disasters. Pull factors are conditions in the destination country that make immigration attractive such as economic opportunity and political freedom. Overall trends By far the most immigrants live in the United States followed by Russia and Germany. The main countries of origin are Mexico, India, China and Russia. In proportion to the population Persian Gulf countries host the largest share...
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...BRAIN DRAIN Human capital flight, more commonly referred to as "brain drain", is the large-scale emigration of individuals with technical skills or knowledge. The reasons usually include two aspects which respectively come from countries and individuals. In terms of countries, the reasons may be social environment (in source countries: lack of opportunities, political instability, economic depression, health risks; in host countries: rich opportunities, political stability and freedom, developed economy, better living conditions). In terms of individual reasons, there are family influences (overseas relatives, and personal preference: preference for exploring, ambition for an improved career, etc. Although the term originally referred to technology workers leaving a nation, the meaning has broadened into: "the departure of educated or professional people from one country, economic sector, or field for another, usually for better pay or living conditions". Brain drain is usually regarded as an economic cost, since emigrants usually take with them the fraction of value of their training sponsored by the government or other organizations. It is a parallel of capital flight, which refers to the same movement of financial capital. Brain drain is often associated with de-skilling of emigrants in their country of destination, while their country of emigration experiences the draining of skilled individuals. The term brain drain was coined by the Royal Society to describe the emigration...
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...National National Herald case: HC terms Gandhis’ applications as ‘infructuous’ Updated: October 15, 2015 16:01 IST | PTI Congress president Sonia Gandhi and vice-president Rahul Gandhi during the during a rally at Ramlila Maidan in New Delhi. File photo The Congress leaders had alleged that a "different treatment" was meted out to a challenge filed by them in the case. The Delhi High Court on Thursday termed as “infructuous” the applications moved by Congress President Sonia Gandhi, her son Rahul and some other party leaders alleging a “different treatment” was meted out to a challenge filed by them in the National Herald case. The Congress leaders in their application had opposed the transfer of the case from the court of Justice Sunil Gaur who had part-heard the matter for eight months to another court of Justice P S Teji. Justice Gaur on Thursday termed their “applications” as infructuous as the matter has been listed before him by the high court registry. The judge also said that he had not recused from the matter and added that the petitions came back to him as it was part-heard by him. Even senior advocate Kapil Sibal, appearing for Sonia Gandhi, agreed with the court that the applications had become infructuous and also added that they can be withdrawn. The court, thereafter, said it will hear arguments in the matter later in the afternoon. The Gandhis in their application had said their petition challenging a trial court order in the case was transferred in violation...
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...J Popul Econ 18:719–740 (2005) DOI 10.1007/s00148-005-0015-1 ORIGIN AL PAPER Timothy J. Hatton Explaining trends in UK immigration Received: 11 February 2004 / Accepted: 6 December 2004 / Published online: 22 November 2005 © Springer-Verlag 2005 Abstract Since the 1970s Britain has gone from being a country of net emigration to one of net immigration, with a trend increase in immigration of more than 100,000 per year. This paper represents the first attempt to model the variations in net migration for British and for foreign citizens, across countries and over time. A simple economic model, which includes the selection effects of differing income distributions at home and abroad, largely accounts for the variations in the data. The results suggest that although improved economic performance in the UK relative to overseas has tended to increase immigration, rising UK inequality has had an even larger effect. Immigration policies at home and abroad have also increased net immigration, particularly in the 1990s. Keywords Immigration . Emigration . Immigration policy JEL Classification F22 . J61 . J78 1 Introduction In the last 20 years the UK has become a country of net immigration. During the 1960s and 1970s, emigration exceeded immigration so that net immigration was persistently negative. Since then net immigration has progressively increased. The best available measure of long-term trends indicates an increase in the annual net immigration from −24 thousand in...
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...activities are massively popular and mainstream overseas. Is there something about it that is inherently more appealing to the average human being? We live in a world where different peoples and cultures have different values, beliefs and truths, many of which are unequal but all of which are valid in their own context. However some cultures hold greater control and influence in our multicultural world and this is gradually becoming an issue to the less culturally prevailing countries. This is multiculturalism, a term which can be defined as the cultural and ethnic diversity of our modern-day world (https://www.dss.gov.au/our-responsibilities/settlement-and-multicultural-affairs/programs-policy/a-multicultural-australia/national-agenda-for-a-multicultural-australia/what-is-multiculturalism) People from new and different cultural groups may be negatively stereotyped and heavily discriminated against because of their differences from a main culture. Throughout history, multicultural concerns have been prevalent in regard to the cultures of Native Americans, African Americans, Italians, Irish, Jews and other cultural groups (http://www.goodtherapy.org/therapy-for-multicultural-concerns.html#).With the gathering of various cultures which is frequent in school, work, and social situations, there will inevitably be cultural differences. Therefore...
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...ROBINSON CONTRIBUTORS KIM ALLEN MARY ARCHER ADDIE BOSTON REBECCA CATRON SAMANTHA LEE SONAM DOLKER EMILY LESSER KAREN ROBINSON MELISSA ROBINSON 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION FROM THE FILMMAKER | 4 FROM THE EDITORS | 5 MOVIE DISCUSSION GUIDE | 7 LESSON 1 PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY | 9 APPENDIX 1 – Handouts | 18 THE TRANSORMATIVE POWER OF ART | 23 APPENDIX 2 – Handouts | 32 DISCRIMINATION AND THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION | 49 APPENDIX 3 – Handouts | 54 FILM CLIPS | 61 GLOSSARY OF TERMS | 63 OPTIONAL TEACHER RESOURCE 1 – Red Light Districts around the World | 65 OPTIONAL TEACHER RESOURCE 2 – Q&A about the Calcutta Red Light District | 68 OPTIONAL TEACHER RESOURCE 3 – Fact Sheet on Internally Displaced Peoples and Refugees | 70 OPTIONAL TEACHER RESOURCE 4 – Timeline of Conflict in Bosnia/Herzegovina | 72 LESSON 2 LESSON 3 ADDITIONAL RESOURCES RESOURCE STRENGTHENING FEEDBACK FORM | 74 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS FROM THE FILMMAKER ZANA BRISKI When I first went to the brothels of Calcutta I had no idea what I was doing. Circumstances had led me there and I had a deep visceral reaction to the place. It was as if I recognized it on a very personal level. It took me two years to get inside, to be able to live in a brothel. I knew this was the only way I would move from visitor...
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