...As a Professor of Religion at Illinois Wesleyan University Carole Myscofski Pd.D, she teaches a variety of courses involving women, religion, and Latin America, she wrote Amazons, Wives, Nuns, and Witches. This is one of her book written in English, rather than Portuguese which examines women in colonial Brazil. Myscofski argues colonial Brazilian women were instructed how to fill their role in society by both religious and state authorities, whereas the roles they filled derived from such instruction it was their understanding of the role which altered the practice of their role in society. Women were placed into a restricted domestic sphere, the ideal was that they become honorable wives. The demands placed on women by society resulted in...
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...Meko Dorsett HIS 200 Dr. Tameka Hobbs 24 August 2012 Chapter 5 Summary – “The Southern Colonies in the Seventeenth Century, 1601–1700 ” Summary: This chapter begins with a portrait of Benjamin Franklin's early life in Boston and his arrival in Philadelphia. This chapter also talks about the growing population and expanding economy in British North America. The most important fact about eighteenth-century colonial America is its remarkable population growth. New England's population increased six fold during the eighteenth century and Natural increase was most responsible for the growth of New England's population during the eighteenth century. Immigrants came to the middle colonies for the perceived economic opportunities. Key Words: Scots-Irish They were a group of restless people who fled their homes in Scotland in the 1600’s to escape poverty and religious oppression. They first relocated to Ireland and then to America in the 1700s. They left their mark on the backcountry of Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia. These areas are home to many Presbyterian churches established by the Scots-Irish. Many people in these areas are still very independent like their ancestors. Olaudah Equiano(1745-1797) African who was sold into slavery and bought his way out-kidnapped as a boy (age 11) from his home he was sold into slavery and sold amongst slave traders many times-he served in the Seven Years' War as a captain's boy and was then sold to a slave trader where he went...
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...Officially recognized by the Church, she serves as the center of Mexican Catholicism . Simultaneously, indigenous proclaim her as Tonantzin, the Indian mother and ancient Aztec goddess. The duality and perhaps triplicity of Our Lady represents the manner by which exchange took on multiple forms during the encounter. While Catholicism did indeed become the dominant religion in the Americas, it was not the Catholicism that missionaries carried with them to the Americas. In a century where Catholicism, more broadly Christianity, became malleable with the writings of Martin Luther and John Calvin, the indigenous also left a considerable...
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...In Becoming America: The Revolution Before 1776, Jon Butler argues that aremarkable, yet overlooked, transformation took place in the American coloniesbetween 1680 and 1760. This transformation manifested itself in almost everyaspect of colonial life, and changed the socioeconomic makeup of America forever.This gradual revolution included an ethnic and racial diversity, an increasinglymodernized economy, a growing display of power that would form the foundation of the political system and reveal its elf in the colonists’ material lives, and a display of religious pluralism that is not seen even today in some societies. Butler not onlygives an excellent summary of matters such as immigration and indigenous religion,but also gives credible and convincing reasoning that it was the middle years of thecolonial period that would define America — not the victories and defeats of therevolutionary war. In the years between 1680 and 1760, America had becomemodern (aside from technological advancements that would appear throughout the19 th century.)In Peoples...
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...Chapter Summary: The Spanish took over the Caribbean, Mexico, and Peru. They also wanted to conquer the Americas. Most of the native people were forced into slavery or they were swept away by the smallpox. Colonies were made in North America. The Europeans were beginning to mix with the indigenous people, even though there were still social and sexual hierarchies. Silver became quite important, so laborers were sent to mine for silver. There were three different labor systems; one came right after the other. Until the free laborer system got set in place. Europeans began settling in Australia, even though there wasn’t much trade going on at the time. Many more people traveled to the Pacific after Magellan and Captain Cook. I. Colliding Worlds...
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...Running head: America and Germany: Institution America and Germany: Institution America and Germany: Military Institutions War and Culture are intertwined with Politics as well as Religion. The reasons are because the Human Psyche governs these four things and such it is within the whims of those who have the powers or are have the power within the society or community to control it. It can be said that culture is equivalent of “any group of humans living or working together over time develops “habitual practices, default programs, hidden assumptions and unreflected cognitive frames” that inform their choices, or indeed they will have created “a repertoire or ‘tool kit’ of habits, skills, and styles from which people construct ‘strategies of action’.” (Lee 2011, pp.3) As such, war can result in a cultures ideology, socioeconomic background and religious beliefs. Most Wars have a main/central or focal point or theme as to why they are being fought, and it is the underlying cultures belief that governs the reason for said wars. (The Holy Wars due to Religion, the Civil War due to political beliefs of freedom and liberty, World War II due to religious and political propaganda). Americas Perception in regards to “Death’s Significance for the Civil war generation arose as well from its violation of prevailing assumptions about life’s proper end-about who should die, when and where, and under what circumstances.” (Faust 2008, pp. xxii) Before the war, dying was due to...
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...UNRISD U NITED N ATIONS R ESEARCH I NSTITUTE FOR S OCIAL D EVELOPMENT Religion, Fundamentalism and Ethnicity A Global Perspective Jeff Haynes UNRISD Discussion Paper 65 May 1995 UNRISD Discussion Papers are preliminary documents circulated in a limited number of copies to stimulate discussion and critical comment. The United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) is an autonomous agency engaging in multidisciplinary research on the social dimensions of contemporary problems affecting development. Its work is guided by the conviction that, for effective development policies to be formulated, an understanding of the social and political context is crucial. The Institute attempts to provide governments, development agencies, grassroots organizations and scholars with a better understanding of how development policies and processes of economic, social and environmental change affect different social groups. Working through an extensive network of national research centres, UNRISD aims to promote original research and strengthen research capacity in developing countries. Current research themes include: Crisis, Adjustment and Social Change; Socio-Economic and Political Consequences of the International Trade in Illicit Drugs; Environment, Sustainable Development and Social Change; Integrating Gender into Development Policy; Participation and Changes in Property Relations in Communist and Post-Communist Societies; and Political Violence and Social...
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...Spain and Texas Today in my summary of Texas: A Compact History I will be talking about the relationship that Spain had with America and Texas. Spain emerged from the Middle Ages and became the first great European nation. I personally think that it’s crazy for something to climb the ranks like that. When Spain supported Christopher Columbus’ voyage, they had the luck of finding where American Indian cultures extracted precious metals like gold and silver. Because of this find, Spain became the wealthiest European nation for a while. Spanish leaders began to search the New World for additional wealth. I liked reading about the relationships between the nations and how America came to be. I think it is interesting to know that modern America...
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...RJefferson was shy in person, but his pen proved to be a mighty weapon. His pamphlet entitled "A Summary View of the Rights of British America," written in 1774, articulated the colonial position for independence and foreshadowed many of the ideas in the Declaration of Independence, the work for which he is most famous. By 1774, Jefferson was actively involved in organizing opposition to British rule, and in 1776, he was appointed to the Second Continental Congress. As a powerful prose stylist and an influential Virginia representative, Jefferson was chosen to write the Declaration of Independence. This document is a brilliant assertion of fundamental human rights and also serves as America's most succinct statement of its philosophy of government. Before becoming the nation's third President, Jefferson served as delegate to the Virginia House of Delegates, where he drafted legislation that abolished primogeniture, the law that made the eldest son the sole inheritor of his father's property. He also promoted religious freedom, helping to establish the country's separation between church and state, and he advocated free public education, an idea considered radical by his contemporaries. During the Revolution, Jefferson served two years as governor of Virginia, during which time he barely escaped capture by British forces by fleeing from Monticello, his home. He was later charged with being a coward for not confronting the enemy. After the war, Jefferson served as America's minister...
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...Headquarters 14/16 Ahmadu Bello Way Victoria Island Lagos Abuja Annex 245 Samuel Adesujo Ademulegun Street Central Business District Opposite Arewa Suites Abuja e-mail: centralinfo@nou.edu.ng URL: www.nou.edu.ng National Open University of Nigeria 2006 First Printed 2006 ISBN: 978-058-134-0 All Rights Reserved Printed by …………….. For National Open University of Nigeria iii EDU 604 HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN NIGERIA Contents Page Introduction ……………………………………………. 1 Course Aims ………………………………………………... 2 Course Objectives ………………………………………….. 2 Working through this Course ………………………………. 2 Course Materials …………………………………………… 3 Study Unit …………………………………………………. 3 Assessment …………………………………………………. 4 End of Course Examination ………………………………... 4 Summary ………………………………………………….. 4-5 Introduction To appreciate the current educational development and plan better for the future requires studying of the past. History of education anchors this relevance in our tertiary institutions (Teacher Education Programmes). iv EDU 604 HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN NIGERIA Since education is a cultural activity of the people, it means that every cultural system has its own education process. The yardstick for measuring quality and standard varies from...
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...and finish the school year looking at modern day issues. The majority of your summer assignments will require you to read, reflect and analyze the one book selected from the list provided. You will also have to complete three basic world religions charts, answer questions about the Neolithic Revolution and complete a geography assignment. You may find links to the documents required for these assignments on my teacher Website http://teacherweb.com/WA/LakesHighSchool/Dunnavant/h0.aspx Please feel free to email me over the summer if you have questions. Sincerely, Ms. Dunnavant adunnava@cloverpark.k12.wa.us Assignment One – WORLD RELIGIONS The influence of major religions and semi-religious philosophies on societies will provide a reoccurring theme throughout the course. It is important for you to be familiar with each religion as we proceed. Please follow the directions below: 1. Visit the following sources: • BBC Religion & Ethics Website http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/ • Infoplease.com http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0113529.html 2. Complete each of the following charts (use the link in the handouts section of my teacher web to print the charts): • Western Eurasian Religions Chart • Eastern Eurasian Religions Chart • Classical Eastern Semi-Religious Philosophies Chart An example of the detail expected of you can be found on the Classical Eastern Semi- Religious Philosophies Chart under Taoism. To help you...
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... The Missionary Roots of Liberal Democracy ROBERT D. WOODBERRY National University of Singapore T his article demonstrates historically and statistically that conversionary Protestants (CPs) heavily influenced the rise and spread of stable democracy around the world. It argues that CPs were a crucial catalyst initiating the development and spread of religious liberty, mass education, mass printing, newspapers, voluntary organizations, and colonial reforms, thereby creating the conditions that made stable democracy more likely. Statistically, the historic prevalence of Protestant missionaries explains about half the variation in democracy in Africa, Asia, Latin America and Oceania and removes the impact of most variables that dominate current statistical research about democracy. The association between Protestant missions and democracy is consistent in different continents and subsamples, and it is robust to more than 50 controls and to instrumental variable analyses. ocial scientists tend to ignore religion in the processes of post-Enlightenment modernization. In individual cases and events, the role of religious actors is clear—especially in the primary documents. Yet in broad histories and comparative analyses, religious groups are pushed to the periphery, only to pop out like a jack-in-the-box from time to time to surprise and scare people and then shrink back into their box to let the important historical changes be directed by “secular” actors...
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...very deadly slave revolt in the history of the United States. He was extremely religious, and he planned his rebellion after he experienced visions ordering him to gain his and other freedoms by force. Then his accomplices killed his master’s family, then a small band of about 50 slaves with clubs and knives, going house to house, eventually killing 50 whites. The Zanj rebellion was long before African American slaves were brought to America. When the people in the Zanj rebellion started the revolt, it soon turned into a full scale rebellion that lasted 15...
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...Literary Theory and Schools of Criticism Introduction A very basic way of thinking about literary theory is that these ideas act as different lenses critics use to view and talk about art, literature, and even culture. These different lenses allow critics to consider works of art based on certain assumptions within that school of theory. The different lenses also allow critics to focus on particular aspects of a work they consider important. For example, if a critic is working with certain Marxist theories, s/he might focus on how the characters in a story interact based on their economic situation. If a critic is working with post-colonial theories, s/he might consider the same story but look at how characters from colonial powers (Britain, France, and even America) treat characters from, say, Africa or the Caribbean. Hopefully, after reading through and working with the resources in this area of the OWL, literary theory will become a little easier to understand and use. Disclaimer Please note that the schools of literary criticism and their explanations included here are by no means the only ways of distinguishing these separate areas of theory. Indeed, many critics use tools from two or more schools in their work. Some would define differently or greatly expand the (very) general statements given here. Our explanations are meant only as starting places for your own investigation into literary theory. We encourage you to use the list of scholars and works provided for each...
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...1010 CRN 10800, December 1, 2014 Wood, Gordon. The Radicalism of the American Revolution. Vintage Books, a Division of Random House, Inc., New York, 1991 Gordon Wood describes the American Revolution as a journey from paternal colonialism to an egalitarian democracy. His contention is that the American Revolution does not seem to have the same kinds of causes that Revolutions usually display. There were no big social wrongs, no class conflict, no severe poverty, or gross inequitable distribution of wealth. Wood claims our revolution was not about independence as most history books claim but about the radical transformation of the American society. Monarchy In this section the author describes the structure of colonial America in the 1750s and 1760s. In colonial society, authority and liberty flowed from the structure of personal relationships. Society was held together by networks of personal loyalties, obligations and dependencies. In this hierarchical society, the elite or aristocrats ruled. The aristocrats (also called gentlemen) used their wealth and their hereditary advantages to keep the common people as dependents. The aristocrats lived a life of leisure which meant that they were not expected to labor. Their income was supposed to come from their landed estates. They used these landed estates to control the issuance of government offices and created laws that would keep their estates in the family. Most estates were passed on to the first born male, wives did not...
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