...Word Count: 1132 RESPONSE TO FALLACIOUS SOLUTIONS 1 Response to Fallacious Solutions According to Robbins (2012), the problem of evil states that if God exists and he is omnibenevolent and omnipotent, he would eliminate all evil from the world. However, since evil obviously exists, as we see people suffering and bad things happening everyday, if God existed, and he was all-knowing and all-powerful there would be no evil in the world (Robbins, 2012). Mackie presents several solutions to the problem of evil that he deems fallacious. I will argue that "Good cannot exist without evil" and "Evil is due to human free will" are in fact adequate solutions to the problem of evil. Mackie (1955), defines God as an omnipotent and omnibenevolent being, meaning God is all-knowing and all-good, and should be able to eliminate all evil from the world, and yet evil exists all around us. Mackie (1955), defines evil as needless suffering. There is human evil, something done by people, to people and natural evil, like natural disasters. The first fallacious solution Mackie (1955), presents is "Good cannot exist without evil." 1. If God is omnipotent, he would be powerful enough to stop all evil. 2. Evil exists. Therefore, God is not omnipotent, or there are limits on God's omnipotence. The first premise states that if God were in fact omnipotent or all-powerful, then he should RESPONSE TO FALLACIOUS SOLUTIONS ...
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...doctor because she believes God will heal her. Having faith, means believing in something that couldn’t possibly be true. But, I’ve yet to see a headline in the news saying “Girl Cured of Cancer by God’s Hand”. Mackie addresses fallacious ‘solutions’ to the problem...
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...Associate Level Material Assumptions and Fallacies Write a 150- to 200-word response to each of the following sets of questions: • What are assumptions? How do you think assumptions might interfere with critical thinking? What might you do to avoid making assumptions in your thinking? • What are fallacies? How are fallacies used in written, oral, and visual arguments? What might you do to avoid fallacies in your thinking? Cite and reference any sourced material consistent with Associate Level Writing Style Handbook guidelines. Assumptions are beliefs or ideas of something with no proof of evidence. Assumptions interfere with our critical thinking because we aren’t utilizing our skills to our best knowledge. It hinders individuals to think critical because we have that perpetual block that stops us from looking at every angle of the equation. We allow our assumptions to take direction instead of preventing and looking at the situation to choose the truth about the situation. In order to avoid using assumptions we need to examine all evidence to make our argument valid. Also we need to be more open minded to different situations and solutions instead of just assuming the outcome or reason. Furthermore, we need to stop assuming and start asking the right questions and by doing so we can think critically without our bias ideas opinions in a situation. Assuming in anything can be potential hazardous not just in critical thinking. Fallacies are defined as...
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...paper, I will argue that this argument fails because Mackie is basing his points on his own thoughts about God. Mackie starts out his argument by stating that the problem of evil proves that either no god exists or at least the god of Christianity, Judaism and Islamic does not exist since the problem of evil provokes the three properties of God. Mackie supports this claim by saying, “These additional principles are that good is opposed to evil, in such a way that a good thing always eliminates evil as far as it can, and that there are no limits to what an omnipotent thing can do.” (Abel p.91) and concludes this claim with, “…propositions that a good omnipotent thing exists, and that evil exists, are incompatible.” (Abel p.91) Adequate solutions are also what backs up his major point about the problem of evil and states that God cannot be all knowing while being all-powerful and all-good because evil exists and would mean that God is unaware of evil in the world. God can be all-knowing and all-powerful but cannot be all-good since evil exists and gives God the false impression of being a true God. If God knows that there is evil and is all-good then that means God is not all-powerful and cannot defeat evil. In order for God and evil to both exist, one of the three properties must be false so Mackie’s conclusion to this claim is to either admit that God is not...
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...underlying conviction about the truth of an idea, often based on cultural training. Database-A computerized collection of information that can be searched in a variety of ways to locate information that the user is seeking. Demographics-Audience characteristics that can be analyzed statistically, such as age, gender, education, group membership, and so on. general purpose- three basic ways a speaker seeks to affect an audience: to entertain, inform, persuade. purpose statement-A complete sentence that describes precisely what a speaker wants to accomplish. specific purpose-The precise effect that the speaker wants to have on an audience. Expressed in the form of a purpose statement. survey research-Information gathering in which the responses of a sample of a population are collected to disclose information about the larger group. thesis statement-A complete sentence describing the central idea of a speech. Value-A deeply rooted belief about a concept's inherent worth. Chapter 11 Analogy-Extended comparison that can be used as supporting material in a speech. Anecdote-A brief personal story used to illustrate or support a point in a speech. basic speech structure-The division of a speech into introduction, body, and conclusion. cause-effect pattern-Organizing plan for a speech that demonstrates how one or more events result in another event or events. Citation-Brief statement of supporting material in a speech. climax patterns-Organizing plan for a speech that builds...
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...Associate Level Material Assumptions and Fallacies Write a 150- to 200-word response to each of the following sets of questions: • What are assumptions? How do you think assumptions might interfere with critical thinking? What might you do to avoid making assumptions in your thinking? Assumptions are beliefs or ideas of something that have not been proven to be true, or have no proof of evidence. Assumptions can also be a part of our belief system that we do not question, or that we have previously learned due to our interpretation of the world around us. Assumptions can interfere with our critical thinking because we do not stop to think about them, so we are not utilizing our critical thinking skills to the best of our ability. This can hinder our ability to think critically because it is a perpetual block that prevents us from looking at every angle of the situation or searching for the truth in the matter. In order to avoid making assumptions in our thinking, it is important to examine all of the evidence surrounding the situation, and gain control of your thought processes. We must also remain open minded to various situations or solutions, ask the right questions, and recognize things that could interfere with critical thinking like our own bias, or opinions surrounding the situation. Assuming anything could not only be hazardous for the critical thinking process, but for everyone involved in the situation. • What are fallacies? How are fallacies...
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...BUSN 420 Business Driven Technology Final Project Submit a 2,000-word written case analysis of one of the three cases from the textbook listed below. Each case covers different areas of this course so that you can spend your time on this assignment further researching the set of topics that most interest you and/or will be most beneficial in your future career. Be sure to address all the questions for your chosen case and demonstrate five or more theories or principles learned in this course as a part of your case analysis. Your paper must be written in APA format with a proper title page and reference list that cites at least 5 scholarly sources. Please do not simply record answers to the questions, rather synthesize your responses into a cohesive case study analysis. Please upload your final project paper to Blackboard through the Assignment Manager tool. The 2,000-word count does not include charts, graphs, title page or supporting appendices. I will be using the Final Project Rubric (see end of this assignment) to grade your case analysis. Please Note: There are few right or wrong answers in the business world. There are really only efficient and inefficient, and effective and ineffective business decisions. If there were always right answers businesses would never fail. These questions were created to challenge you to apply the materials you have learned to real business situations. For this reason, when grading your answers, I will be focusing on your justification or...
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...The Moral Obligation Toward Endangered Wild-life George Michael Olivas American Military University Professor Myers PHIL320 Environmental Ethics July 24th 2013 Abstract The moral agency of a man, all the same, looms ambiguously but more so mirroring an image of self—an image contrary to the ethical framework as it ought relate to the natural world. The premise by which we often grant moral importance to Homo sapiens is the mere membership within that group of species. Naturally the premise carries with it little to no weight and is nearly fallacious. Ethicist Peter Singer prompts humanity on the realism that the only other criteria by which to judge for moral consideration is sentience which definitively applies to broader a species. Sentience, as it is theoretical, is inclusive of moral consideration, "The capacity for suffering and enjoying things is a prerequisite for having interests at all, a condition that must be satisfied before we can speak of interests in any meaningful way (Singer, 1974).” The application of industry leaves a footprint in the delicate ecosystems of the earth which normally espouses a plethora of creatures known to regulate the respective biosphere. Far before humanity wandered to and fro the earth, animal life met extinction by natural causes nevertheless our dominance single-handedly exploits the environment and pollutes far worse than any means of naturalism—subjecting animal life into conditions...
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...was published on 3rd June, 2009 in the magazine “Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists”. This was the time when Pak army was totally engaged in wiping out the terrorists from Northern Areas. Pervez Hoodbhoy is an eminent physicist and political-defense analyst, and his concentration in this article is quite coherent with the present condition of terrorism in Pakistan. The lack of interest of Army during the initial advancement of terrorists in Northern areas has led towards a serious demise of national interests. Although the writer has written this article in a great sequence and coherence and the various tactics used in this article urges reader to be convinced but the lack of evidence in the arguments , biased assumptions and inefficient solutions doubt the credibility of the author’s claim. This article discusses the invasion of Taliban and so called Mujahidins on the Northern areas of Pakistan like Swat, Malakand Division, Waziristan, and Buner etc. The author has reflected that these terrorists are being trained in the Madrassas of Pakistan by Mullahs,...
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...assault in college, and because of the police’s prior unsatisfactory response, Moore was discouraged to report it and left miserable and unable to desert her pain, loneliness and self-punishing ways. Her agony later developed into an eating disorder; Moore thought maybe if she “made [herself]...
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...IB Diploma Programme Theory of Knowledge Essay Topic: Can we know when to trust our emotions in the pursuit of knowledge? Consider history and one other area of knowledge. Candidate Name: Akanksha Vardhan Candidate Number: 002602-064 School Name: BD Somani International School School Number: 002602 Word Count: 1597 Can we know when to trust our emotions in the pursuit of knowledge? Consider history and one other area of knowledge. Bertrand Russell, the 20th century British philosopher, once said, “Man is a credulous animal, and must believe something; in the absence of good grounds for belief, he will be satisfied with bad ones.” [1]In our daily conquest to acquire “justified true belief”, [2]it is important that we are aware of the ‘good’ and ‘bad’ influences that contribute to the experience, the pursuit of knowledge, in a way that we are able to consciously weigh the validity of our knowledge claims. Many romantic writers and poets in the early nineteenth century emphasized the importance of emotion in making sense of the world. John Keats once said, “Axioms in philosophy are not axioms until they are proved upon by our pulses” [3] referring to the superiority of our core emotions (happiness, fear, anger, surprise or even disgust) - the strong feelings deriving from our moods, circumstances or relationships with others[4], in gaining an accurate picture of the truth. However, is it possible that the ‘truth’ itself is more complex and what...
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...ACTIVE LISTENING WEEK 8 1 EMPATHY - CONFLICT RESOLUTION 2 EMPATHY “Feeling into”, seeing how it is through another's eyes Experiencing the feelings of another without losing ones own identity 3 EMPATHY The emphatic person senses the other person’s bewilderment, anger, fear or love “as if” it were his own feeling, but he does not lose the “as if” nature of his own involvement. ~ Robert Bolton, People Skills, 1987 4 EMPATHY Some of the things that help you to feel empathy towards another person: Trust Attentiveness Appropriate Responses Shared Experiences Respect Support 5 EMPATHY Some of the things that make it difficult to feel empathy towards another person: Inattentiveness Lack of interest Lack of respect 6 EMPATHY Key elements of using empathy: Separate our responses from those of the person we are empathizing; Retain objectivity and distance; Be alert to cues about feelings offered to us by the other person; & Communicate to people our feeling for them and our understanding of their situations 7 EMPATHY Some things a person can do to help in the communication process: Stop talking! Remember if you are talking, you are not listening Ask questions Using “mms” and “ahs” to encourage them Maintain good eye contact Display attentive and welcoming body language 8 EMPATHY Some things a person can do to shut down the communication...
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...theories revolving around state dominance, autarky, and monopolized industry. This strict system that subjected everyone and everything to the mother country’s will was adhered to with great loyalty throughout France. French royalty initiated a cycle of perpetual debt and inefficiency without realizing the true magnitude of their actions during Mercantilist times. Despite expectations and beliefs that the French were succeeding with an abundance of specie, the country and the people were actually being torn apart. With France in such a dilapidated state, there was an obvious need for change, help and opportunity. Ultimately, the amassing discontent with Mercantilism erupted as elucidated by the French Revolution. Initial response to the ideas of the Physiocrats as solutions was not positive or engaging, however, their theories would soon become the cornerstone of European economies. The multitude of Mercantilist failures in France bolstered the establishment of laissez-faire theories as the future of their global economy. The overarching economic theory of Mercantilism has no central book or founding author. However, it is agreed, that this set of guidelines became enforced policy under the leadership of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, the Controller General of Finance under Louis XIV. Even though France was an agriculturally dominated economy at the time, agriculture was unimportant to Mercantilism. Instead, Mercantilism was focused on the state and its interests, classifying wealth purely...
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... insight and strategic intelligence before moving on to analyze the need for an international relations theory for conducting strategic insight. The paper will then explain constructivism and why it is the most appropriate theory for carrying out strategic insight. Strategy The concept of strategy has been around for as long as there have been organizations and wars. Strategy is a method or plan chosen to bring about a desired future, such as achievement of a goal or solution to a problem. 1Strategy is also about achieving and sustaining a position of lead over rivals through the successive capitalization of known or developing possibilities rather than restricting to any specific fixed plan designed at the onset. It can be said that strategy becomes a central plan through which an organization can affirm its essential continuity while at the same time purposefully handling its adjustment to the changing environment to gain competitive superiority. Strategy can also be viewed as a response to external opportunities and threats and to internal strengths and weaknesses; a means of achieving a long range competitive advantage, and a favorable competitive position and adapting to meet the demands of a changing environment. Insight A thought, fact, combination of facts, data and/or analysis of data that induces meaning and furthers understanding of a situation or issue that has the potential of benefiting the organization/state or re-directing the thinking about...
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...DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY – DASMARIÑAS College of Education Graduate Studies THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES AND STUDENTS’ COMMUNICATIVE SKILLS AMONG THE GRADE 7 TEACHERS OF CARMONA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL SCHOOL YEAR 2015 – 2016 In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in Management Ethics For Educational Management in Graduate Studies Anna Gianelli S. Espino Maricar H. Delos Reyes Rosalie N. Pandan October 17, 2015 DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY – DASMARIÑAS College of Education Graduate Studies THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES AND STUDENTS’ COMMUNICATIVE SKILLS AMONG THE GRADE 7 TEACHERS OF CARMONA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL SCHOOL YEAR 2015 – 2016 In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in Philosophical, Sociological and Psychological Foundations of Education For Educational Management in Graduate Studies Anna Gianelli S. Espino Maricar H. Delos Reyes Rosalie N. Pandan October 17, 2015 Chapter 1 Introduction Background of the Study Communication is about more than just exchanging information. It's about understanding the emotion and intentions behind the information. Effective communication is also a two-way street. It’s not only how you convey a message so that it is received and understood by someone in exactly the way you intended, it’s also how you listen to gain the full meaning of what’s being said and to make the other person feel heard and understood. Some students are weak in the communicative...
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