...27-03-2016 Women in Military Combat: Should they be Allowed to Serve or Not? The question of whether women should be allowed to serve in military combat has always been a contentious issue with some of the people claiming that women should be allowed to serve in military combat positions while others insisting that military combat positions are meant for men. This paper is going to give an in-depth analysis of the reasons why people claim women should be allowed to serve in military combat positions or not and come up with a conclusion on the matter. 1. Why Women should be Allowed to Serve in Military Combat Positions The first reason why women should be allowed to serve in combat positions is to promote gender equality. The main reason is, the military gives a clear picture of how the society is and having gender equality improves the military’s public image. Although women have been allowed to support in military operations since 1901, women are still excluded from some combat positions and promoting gender equality would improve the military’s public reputation by promoting gender equality. A perfect example is the ancient structure of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army which allowed women to serve in combat positions as well and in leadership roles as generals (Xiaolin, 1993). Second, women should be allowed to serve in military combat positions due to their physical ability. Although most women do not have the physical ability that men serving in military combat positions...
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...Silber’s argument is founded on the premise that the post-war culture of El Salvador continues to project a violent “revolutionary” environment, which has made many of the women that fought in the revolution the “subjects” of neoliberal globalization. In this manner, many of the “revolutionaries” are examined through an anthropological gender analysis to identify the reactionary nature of post-war identity that continues to divide communities and also creates the “trans-border” family. More so, Silber (2010) argues that many women are presented as being symbolized as “masculinized” women, but the underlying patriarchal values of El Salvadoran society continue into the post-war era. Therefore, the issue of gender roles continues define some of the myths of “feminism” that have been historically defined as part of the women’s movement in the FMNL during the revolution....
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...An Analysis of Two Arguments Serving in the military comes with many duties and obligations. Joining the military is not about carrying a weapon, it’s about everyone doing their job to the best of their trained ability. In the debate video: “Resolved: Women in the Military Should be excluded from combat”, two groups argue about whether women should be in combat, or should not. Each individual in their respective groups presented reasons and evidence on why they think their argument is valid. Considering all the challenges men have faced in the military over the years, it is understandable why some people vouch for women not to fight. In the debate video, the side that is for the resolution argues that woman should not be in the military...
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...Women at War Women have faced multiple struggles to gain equality. When it comes to women trying to fight for our rights in the country, the struggle is even tougher. Throughout history, women being involved in the military seemed to be more of a burden than anything. Even though women can help with military readiness, social change throughout the military and get the career advancement they have been dreaming of for so long, they have had a hard time convincing others differently. Others would see women being a part of the military as a risk factor, as they are not as physically strong as men or that women are to compassionate compared to men. Even with the extra stress from maternal and post-traumatic stress disorder, to being sexually assaulted, women did all they could to be a part of the military. Women may not be as physically strong and capable as men but having them in the military can strengthen intelligence operations. Throughout history women have been doing all they can to be a part of the military, even to the extent of dressing as men and creating a fake identity. Support for women being a part of the military was nonexistent until recent years when women have been accepted for roles in the military. Women have been a part of the war effort since the Revolutionary War, but in the early days of our nation they had to disguise themselves to serve alongside men. Deborah Samson Gannett, from Plymouth, Massachusetts, was one of the first American women soldiers. In...
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...The Military, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, and Personality Jaye Crouse Northcentral University Dr. Claire Clifford PSY8100 Jul 20, 2014 Introduction The field of personality psychology has developed out of the necessity to know why people act, feel, and think like they do, to analyze their inward and outward motivations, and to discover where behaviors originate. It is the age-old debate of nature versus nurture that is found in many psychological theories and personality is no exception. Some researchers are convinced that the structure of personality is uniform and personality traits are universal, fundamentally heritable, and comprised of broadly defined dimensions where cultural, social, and gender influences are irrelevant and personality traits are fairly stable (Cattell, Eber, & Tatsuoka, 1970; McCrae & Costa, 1997: Terracciano & McCrae, 2006). Other psychologists such as humanistic and positive psychologists believe quite the opposite and contend that humans are essentially good with free will to make choices, change outcomes, and seek out opportunities to enhance their quality of life with the goal of self-actualizing, making personality a more fluid and less deterministic perspective with a focus on values, resiliency, and subjective well-being (Cloninger, 2013). Other researchers such as Freud, Adler, Horney, and Jung believe culture, society, and environment are profoundly important influences on personality (working in tandem...
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...WOMEN IN COMBAT AN INDISPENSIBLE ARMY 21 COMPONENT OR A SIMPLE CASE OF EQUAL OPPORTUNITY? Your mission remains fixed, determined, inviolable – it is to win our wars. Everything else in your professional career is but corollary to this vital dedication. All other public purposes … will find others for their accomplishment; but you are the ones who are trained to fight; yours is the profession to arms. General Douglas A. MacArthur to the West Point Graduating Class of 1962 INTRODUCTION Like the United States military, the infusion of women into the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) was announced with great fanfare and the proclamation of the politically-correct notion that “women have as much a role to play in the Nation’s defence as the men”. Thankfully, unlike the US military, the inclusion of women into SAF did not result in controversies and scandals that the US military faced in recent years as exemplified in the Tailhook[1] and Aberdeen[2] scandals. Amidst continued declining birth rates and greater economic opportunities, the participation of women in the SAF has been generally accepted as an inexorable development within the organisation without much ado, trusting that the authorities have performed the necessary analysis. Is this naturally the case? Are there larger issues that we need to grapple with, given our unique circumstances, noting that up till today, the US military is still debating on the wisdom of opening up military career opportunities...
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...Sexual Harassment in the Military Anonymous SOC 402 CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROBLEMS & THE WORKPLACE Professor Douglas Nelson October 21, 2013 Sexual Harassment in the Military The topic of discussion is sexual harassment in the United States military. My paper will identify the scope and nature of this problem while specifying how it has affected the military as a whole. Additionally, I will identify how this problem can be either mitigated or solved utilizing a variety of social controls. Throughout this paper, I will support the fact that sexual harassment is an ongoing problem in the military and recommend changes that could provide potential social or economical benefits if implemented. The scope and nature of sexual harassment in the United States military is one of great magnitude because of the profound effect it has on the individual service member and the organization as a whole. “In a 1995 U.S. Department of Defense survey of active-duty men and women in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Coast Guard, 70.9 percent of female personnel and 35.8 percent of male personnel said that they had experienced sexually harassing behaviors in the previous 12 months” (Antecol & Cobb-Clark, 2001). While these statistics are almost 20 years old there is still relevance. A survey in today’s military might show results that reflect a decline in the percentages or occurrences;...
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...Violence from a gender view what role does masculinity play in Ethiopia context. Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Main concepts in feminist approach 3. Hegemonic masculinity theory 4. The subculture of violence in peace and conflict 5. The perception on gender versus sex in Ethiopia 6. Gendered dynamics of violence 6.1 Masculinities and violence 6.2 Femininities and violence 7. Conclusion 8. References 1. Introduction The paper critically evaluate the theory which claims that violence has a strong gender dimension and what role does masculinity play in violence. There are feminist theories and assumptions regarding the societal construction of gender, as it is divided into two major categories...
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...African-American women are more likely to have bacterial vaginosis compared to white women (Royce et al., 1999; Meade, 1993; Allsworth et al., 2008; Ryckman et al., 2009). This racial disparity in the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis might be associated with sociodemographic and lifestyle factors that are more common among African-American women. One of these reported factors is vaginal douching, which causes disequilibrium in the vaginal microflora, induces inflammation through either physical or chemical irritation and therefore predisposes women to bacterial vaginosis (Hutchinson et al., 2007; Schwebke et al., 2004). Using a marginal structural modeling analysis, Brothman et al. (2008) has provided the best evidence to date that douching is an important risk factor associated with increased risk of bacterial vaginosis, although a randomized trial to demonstrate the role of douching in bacterial vaginosis has not been...
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...Annotated Bibliography Johnson, Penelope D., Equal Monastic Profession: Religious women in Medieval France. Chicago, IL, USA: University of Chicago Press. Retrieved from http://www.ebrary.com This book studies Judicious and richly informed, Equal in Monastic profession now restores professed women to the central place they once occupied. This book will appeal to any reader who wants to know about women gender, social change and religion. Women have been and still are an integral part of monastic life, but monastic scholars have tended to see them either as aberrant or as subsidiary to the main theme of male religious life. Schultz, D. (2010). Ethics Regulation Across Professions. Public Integrity, 12(2), 161-172. doi:10.2753/PIN1099-9922120204 Gifting, a private act of friendship and charity among individuals that has deep cross-cultural roots, is increasingly seen as a morally problematic practice in many professions. Gifting done within the context of employment is now the subject of regulation in many professions as part of a broader effort to promote independence, impartiality, and objectivity. Based upon a survey of more than twenty professional associations and fields of employment, this commentary examines the historical roots of gifting, why it poses an ethical problem, and how many organizations across the public, private, and nonprofit sectors are adopting policies to address this practice. Overall, three conclusions are reached. First, because gifting creates...
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...Introduction/Objective: The argument that women should serve in combat roles has long been debated in the U.S. branches of service. Among the pros and cons, a potentially non-debatable issue remains constant that women have a less superior body, in regards to muscle mass and strength. Retired Army Col. (Dr.) Elspeth Ritchie, who served multiple tours in Iraq and Somalia as a psychiatrist, earning three combat patches stated, “When women deploy to combat or on exercises, the most discussed topic is whether or not women have the strength and stamina to make it.” (Vergun, 2014) Often times during training, soldiers are often instructed to carry various weights (30 lbs +) during ruck marches. They must also enter in hand to hand combat, occasionally...
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...illuminate to you that you find so important and how might it direct you towards one or other levels of analysis? In looking at the Bosnian conflict the most important aspect of the conflict was social constructivism. The definition of Social constructivism is “identities are molded, refabricated, and mobilized in accord with reigning cultural scripts and centers of power”(Cerulo, 1997, p.387). In Bosnia there were three major ethnic groups fighting for control of Bosnia: 1. Serbs- The Serbian people are Orthodox Christians 2. Croats- The Croatian people are Catholic Christians 3. Bosniaks- The Bosniaks are Muslim The two main actors in this conflict originally came from Croatia and Serbia which were all part of Yugoslavia and Russian controlled at one point in time. There is some primordialism overtones in this conflict however, “it is almost impossible for people in the region to trace the ethnic line of most inhabitants”(Jesse &Williams, 2011, p.146), and due to intermarriage between the Croats and Serbians in the region, there are no “physical differences among people of different ethnic origins”(Harvey, 2000, pp.42-43). It seems that everything that I read tells me that the Croats and Serbs were very similar in culture. Social constructionist sees that are three major contributors to the outbreak of the war in Bosnia: * Economic, political and military threats to the identity and/or existence of ethnic group attachments. * Elites with political skills...
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...Within maritime communities across the early modern Atlantic world, women have always held an important role. While most of the men would be away from home at sea, whether on a privateering or merchant vessel, or a pirate ship, women have been vital to these seaboard communities, as they have been able to maintain the shops, taverns, and raising children. A gendered analysis is crucial to understanding how maritime working-class communities operated while the seafaring men went off, either against their will or not. Being that sailors did not conform to the capitalist quota of investing money often, a lot of sailors found themselves spending large sums of money rather quickly, on alcohol, women, and other cheap thrills that provided short-term enjoyment, since a life at sea was a dangerous one. In a cartoon titled Dispatch, or Jack preparing for sea, it depicts a sailor sitting in the lap of a young woman, with one hand on the woman’s companion’s...
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...Event Analysis 1 Event Analysis: World War II LaKisha J. Williams PAD540 International Public Administration Dr. Angela Parham Strayer University February 7, 2013 Event Analysis 2 Event Analysis: World War II World War II The United States stood in shock and fear as Japan initiated their attack on the naval base at Pearl Harbor with absolutely no warning. After the Great Depression of the 1920s, Japan was left without the resources they largely depended on the United States to provide. As Japan’s population became more overcrowded and their resources became scarce, the Japanese military decided to try and take over lands in China; mainly Manchuria. The Empire of Japan was aimed at taking over East Asia. As tensions arose between Japan and China the United States under the leadership of Herbert Hoover and Franklin D. Roosevelt (in the beginning) decided that they did not have any stake siding with either country. Up to this point the United States policy in China was based on the principle known as the Open Door Policy in which any and all countries were free to trade and make investments with and within China. The United States felt that if they sanctioned Japan and China, both economically and with military assistance, it would be enough for Japan and China to stop the fighting, but it didn’t. At that point Japan decided to accept Germany as an ally and...
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...Gender Role Analysis Mindy Brown SOC/333 February 17, 2014 Erica Lloyd Gender Role Analysis Gender roles and stereotypes are often intertwined. Stereotypes can be positive or negative, and are speculations about the roles of each gender. The stereotypical female role is to marry, have children, and take care of the household duties. Stereotype of the male role is to be the family provider financially. Children learn these from adults as stereotypes and gender roles are passed from one generation to another. This paper will analyze gender roles shaped by education, norms of the government, its laws and its policies, and in the workplace. Gender Shaped by Education Gender roles and stereotypes are often reinforced in the classroom setting. Children learn these gender biases from their teachers and the materials used for learning. Some teachers have an unconscious bias toward a gender and make assumptions based on the gender's behavior and actions. Girls are expected to be polite and studious while boys are rational, unruly, and boisterous. Bias may also be social as well. Teachers may socially categorize children by race, class, and religion. For example, they may perceive African American girls to be more outspoken and louder than Caucasian girls. Teacher typically targeted boys of the Caucasian race as they asked and answered most questions (Scantlebury, 2009). Teachers may ask them more complicated questions than the girls. If they are unable to answer the question...
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