...Recurring Patterns Throughout History: The Punic Wars and the Hundred Years War The Punic Wars happened in the years 264 BCE-146 BCE and was between Carthage and Rome. The Hundred Years’ War happened in the years 1337-1453 and was between England and France. These wars, although over a thousand years apart, exhibit many of the same themes. The Hundred Years’ War reflects the patterns of the Punic Wars: the losers of the war started stronger, the victors won because of mental strength, and the war affecting the involved parties. The losers of the wars, Carthage and England, originally had the advantage over the eventual victors of the wars, Rome and France. Carthage was in the lead for the beginnings of both the First and Second Punic War....
Words: 785 - Pages: 4
...very independent state. At that time we were superior to Rome but still we were really friendly to them and we both even had signed treaties for trading rights over the years. We always wanted peace so weren’t into fighting but somehow, Rome always feared us, they thought we might gain control of Messina, which was a Sicilian port across from Italian mainland. That fear led them attacking us with the help of soldiers from the city of Syracuse. That was when first war started called...
Words: 559 - Pages: 3
...SUMMARY OF THE PUNIC WARS The three Punic Wars between Carthage and Rome took place over nearly a century, beginning in 264 B.C. and ending with the destruction of Carthage in 146 B.C. By the time the First Punic War broke out, Rome had become the dominant power throughout the Italian peninsula, while Carthage a powerful city state in northern Africa had established itself as the leading power in the world. The First Punic War broke out in 264 B.C. when Rome interfered in a dispute on the Carthaginian controlled island of Sicily. The war ended with Rome in control of both Sicily and Corsica and marked the empire's emergence as a naval as well as a land power. In the Second Punic War, the great Carthaginian general Hannibal invaded Italy and scored great victories at Lake Trasimene and Cannae before his eventual defeat at the hands of Rome's Scipio Africanus in 202 B.C. that left Rome in control of the western Mediterranean and much of Spain. In the Third Punic War, the Romans, led by Scipio the Younger, captured and destroyed the city of Carthage in 146 B.C., turning Africa into yet another province of the mighty Roman Empire. Origin of the first Punic War Carthage had, in the 260s control of much of Sicily. This mattered little to Rome for it had few direct interests there. Thus when a complicated little dispute arose in the city of Messana in 264 and one side appealed to Carthage while the other appealed to Rome no one thought it was any more than...
Words: 2846 - Pages: 12
...really knows the exact date in which Rome was founded. The Romans themselves think that the city was founded in the year 753 BC, while historians believe that the city was founded in the year 625 BC. So, what was early Rome like? Well the city was governed by kings. There were only seven kings to rule over the city before the Romans took...
Words: 842 - Pages: 4
...empire, there was a time where the power of the nation wasn't held by a single person. Rome was once a Republic, a place where supreme authority is held by the people and the representatives that they elect. The birth of this great empire rooted from tons of wars. Not only did they fight to earn their own territory in beginning against the Etruscans but they also fought the nation of Carthage for more territory which ultimately caused the birth of the Roman Empire. The history of Rome and the true founding of the nation is less dramatic than the actual story. Rather than the founding of Rome including the god of war and Romulus and Remus, the true story involved three tribes ("Rome, History of"). Around 1,000 B.C.E., in west-central Italy, a village was built in Latium by three tribes. Protected by hills from the sea, the city was in a great location for not only defense but also trading on major routes. The Romans were first ruled by the Etruscans, who were the people from the nation of Etruria. They adopted the Greek language, which was forced upon the Romans and they also put Rome into a Mediterranean commercial network. The Romans lived under this tyranny until 509 B.C.E., when the Etruscan tyrant provoked the Romans to revolt. The Romans, being as aspiring as they were, took the opportunity and fought the Etruscans in a series of wars and defeated them (Boatwright, 32-48). These wars ended the tyrannical rule of the Etruscans and...
Words: 1453 - Pages: 6
...The Punic Wars The Punic wars were a series of conflicts fought between forces of Carthage and Rome between 264 BC and 146 BC. At the time Rome had been claiming land and conquering territory, when Rome ventured to cross the Sicilian Strait, 1 the Romans wanted to conquer as much as they could, with that they now had many different supporters as well as many different people out to get them and wanting to start fights. Many of the starts of the Punic wars were with Carthage, a large city located on the coast of what is now Lebanon. Carthage was the only great city states that rivaled Rome’s power, wealth and population. 2 Though Carthage had clashed with many different powers, they historically were friendly and had signed many different trading treaties over the years.3 Carthage’s navy was the largest it didn’t hold a permanent army2 they instead relied mostly on mercenaries. Carthage has acquired dominion over the native races of Africa the Lydians and the Numidians.1 With these holds, they were able to slowly gain power like Rome had. Carthage did have a step up on Rome as they were more devolved in their navy, where Rome was not. The first conflict between Rome and Carthage which we now know as the First Punic war, began in Sicily. Sicily at the time was divided among many different powers, Carthage holing all the power of the western part of the island. The southern part of the island was under control of the king of Syracuse, who ruled this city as well as neighboring...
Words: 1242 - Pages: 5
...Rome is a huge empire and still today is concidered as the greates empire standing. it is well rounded and respected. Rome however, did not start so huge, it started as a samll citty state, which was easy to handel. then more people, and non romans known as foreigners came into their small ctity sate. as time passed by Rome transformed into a a world power empire. there transformation made a huge impact on how they ran thier empire. the Roman Republic decayed and made the transformation into the Roman Empire was because of the changes in governement and the different people that came in to conquer. This shift made Rome stronger than ever, and made them how we know them today. At the beginig of 500 BC. Rome became a republic. a republic is a form of government whe power is controlled by the common people. Senators were elected by the people to run in government. In the Roaman Republic the first punic war began. this was the war with catherage. catherage wanted to protect its tdradding agreements with Rome, and Rome wanted to keep catherage groups away from thier territory. Then came the second punic war. In this war general Hannibal tried to establish Romes italian allies to leave, but then they rebeled.so after the the second punic war ended, it marked the end of Rome finally defeating thier enemy cartharge. in addition Rome's economy grew after the puic wars then a man by the name of Tiberius who was a politian at the time and he was then elected tribune....
Words: 988 - Pages: 4
...1) The two legends are that there were brothers Romulus and Remus who were raised by a wolf. While Romulus was building a wall for Rome, Remus mocked him and got killed. Then, Romulus went on to become the first ruler of Rome. The second legend was that a Trojan hero named Aeneas sailed down the Tiber after the Trojan war and the local king gave him his daughter in marriage and he united the people. 2) They were the cruel ruling Etruscan family. 3) A republic is a state or country where the ruler is elected by the people and the citizens have the right to vote. 4) The Roman military were well-trained who were organized into legions. They were happy to fight. 5) 6,000-10,000 soldiers were in a legion. 6) The Roman Confederation was a system where people got citizenship under the Roman law. 7) A Roman dictator is a ruler with absolute control in an emergency situation. In an empire it isn't just for an emergency. 8) Cininnatus was a former consul who ran a farm. He was called to be dictated when Rome was surrounded by enemies. He surrounded the enemies overnight and stopped supplies from coming in. 9) There were the patricians and the plebians. The patricians were wealthy land-owning citizens. The plebians were the commoners, so basically everyone else. 10) The tree branches were the senate, assembly, and consul. 11) They revolted because the patricians didn't tell them the laws and the plebians couldn't run office. What happened was that the plebians got to run assembly...
Words: 1945 - Pages: 8
...Hannibal Barca was a military commander. He led the Carthaginian army in the Second Punic War. Hannibal was realized as a great conqueror because he invented different ways of combat that worked to his advantage. Hannibal was born to Hamilcar Barca, and was brother of Hasdrubal and Mago Barca. When Hannibal’s father drowned in a battle his brother Hasdrubal took his position with Hannibal serving as a officer under him. When Hasdrubal was assassinated Hannibal became commander of the Carthaginian army. After he became leader Hannibal continued to complete the conquest of Hispania. In his first conquest Hannibal attacked the Olcades strongest city and forced them to surrender. This battle brought the Punic power close to the Tagus river. His second conquest was against the Vaccaei where he once again made them surrender, thus bringing the war to the Tagus river. In the Second Punic War Hannibal took his brother in law Hasdrubal’s journey plans and put them in action. The Romans were attacking the Po region because they saw an alliance between the Celts and Carthage. After they assassinated Hasdrubal the Romans thought they were ok. Then Hannibal took the Romans by surprise two years later in 218 BC by reviving the alliance between the Gaulish and the Carthaginian Army. Hannibal then fought his way through the tribes of the Pyrenees hills, attacking the tribes with clever mountain tactics and stubborn fighting. He left 20,000 soldiers in this region and released the tribal...
Words: 607 - Pages: 3
...leadership. One leader that fits this specific category is Hannibal Barca. The article of Hannibal of Carthage states that “Hannibal was a Carthaginian general who fought against Rome during the second Punic war. His name became synonymous with inciting fear, and to this day he is considered one of the greatest military leaders of all time”. Hannibal was born in 247 BCE, when Carthage was about lose an important war. The city valued the Mediterranean’s because of its possessed wealthy provinces and prosperous seaport, but it suffered serious consequences from the Romans in the First Punic War (264-241). In the article of Hannibal Barca, “After Rome's victory, it stripped Carthage of its most important province, Sicily; and when civil war had broken out in Cartage, Rome seized Sardinia and Corsica as well”....
Words: 1284 - Pages: 6
...Trace how Carthage became almost the equal of Rome Introduction In the light of the history of great Ancient empires, we should consider the rise of conflict between two prominent powers of the Ancient World. On the one side stood the powerful force of western Mediterranean lead by Carthage, while on the other one was the ruler of Italian Peninsula - the Rome. In following discussion, we are going to overview prerequisites of Carthage development as a rival of Rome. Next we need to compare strengths of both. Finally, we will trace down reasons behind Rome becoming a naval power in early stages of First Punic War (264 to 241 BC). Discussion The Carthage City was established in 814 BCE and is believed to be originally the dwelling of Phoenician inhabitants from the town of Tyre (present day Sur, Lebanon.) (“Rise and Fall: Civilizations at War Heaven.”, n.d.). As time has passed, territories were expanding. Later the Carthage united provinces of North Africa to the scale large enough to compare to modern day Morocco of the Egyptian regions. Moreover, influence has extended to the lands Sardinia, Malta, the Balearic Islands and the western part of Sicily, which later was the reason of First Punic War rise between Rome and Carthage. As a matter of fact, we have the Carthage as one of the most powerful trade regions of the Ancient world. The Carthage extended their business paths even as far as Cornwall in England (Miles, 2010). Many historians believed that trade paths together...
Words: 1029 - Pages: 5
...only remaining consul (Varro) completely discredited. As the story goes, Rome declared a national day of mourning as there was not a single person who was not either related to or acquainted with a person who had died. The Romans became so desperate that they resorted to human sacrifice, twice burying people alive[40] at the Forum of Rome and abandoning an oversized baby in the Adriatic Sea[40] (perhaps one of the last instances of human sacrifices by the Romans, apart from public executions of defeated enemies dedicated to Mars). Lucius Caecilius Metellus, a military tribune, despaired so much of the Roman cause as to suggest that everything was lost, and called the other tribunes to sail overseas and hire themselves into the service of some foreign prince.[16] Afterwards, he was forced by his own example to swear an oath of allegiance to Rome for all time. The survivors of Cannae were reconstituted as two legions and assigned to Sicily for the remainder of the war as punishment for their humiliating desertion of the battlefield.[16] In addition to the physical loss of her army, Rome suffered a symbolic defeat of prestige. A gold ring was a token of membership in the upper classes of Roman society;[16] Hannibal and his men collected more than 200 from the corpses on the battlefield, and sent this collection to Carthage as proof of his victory. The collection was poured on the floor in front of the Punic Senate, and was judged to be "three and a half measures." Hannibal had...
Words: 951 - Pages: 4
...The first Punic War happened because after the Carthage helped the city of Messina drive away the attackers for the second time they wanted some sort of compensation for their help and this being the second time they had asked for something in return they were denied.(1) The city of Messina turned to the Romans for help and the Romans drove all the Phoenicians out of Messina, which then made it easier for the Romans to attack all of Carthage. For twenty-three years this war went on until a peace treaty was signed and Carthage had lost to Sicily and to Rome.(2) Then a few years later the Romans had broken the peace treaty and attacked to more cities Sardinia and Corsica and since the Carthage army was too weak to do anything about it they lost those cities. The second Punic War was based on revenge to pay back Rome for everything it took from them this War was going very well for Carthage, they had a very large army and where defeating Romans at every chance they got. They Carthage though could never take the city of Rome though and that seemed to be there downfall , and eventually Rome was able to rebuild their army where a final battle accord in Zama in which the Romans won and then the war was over.(3) These wars being won and lost was creating lands all over the place of the wars for who ever won would then occupy the land, so the more you won the more land you had to control as long as you could keep it up and safe. It was seen as a pivotal turning point because Rome had...
Words: 347 - Pages: 2
...Slavery in Ancient Rome Rome as far research show had always exploited slaves, however during the early Republic Rome saw its slave population multiply significantly from a series of wars and conquests. This paper will discuss the rights and responsibilities of Roman slaves during the Republican era and early empire. It will also analyze the impact slavery had on Rome’s economic situation as well the impact on roman society and culture. Rome did not always have such an abundance of slaves. It was not until they conquered Corinth and sacked Carthage did they amass a significant amount of slaves. Some authors estimate that the number of slaves reached 300 000-350 000 in a total population of 900 000- 950 000 in Rome during the Augustan era.[1] It is of course impossible to determine the exact amount of slaves during this time, but nevertheless this estimate of slaves is still one third of the population. The Punic Wars between Rome and Carthage mark the beginning of Rome’s “addiction” to slavery. After Rome had consolidated the main land of what is now Italy, this brought them into contact with much greater powers. The first Punic War (264-241 B.C) began when both Rome and Carthage took interest in Sicily.[2] Herodotus notes the significance of this first of many battles by comparing it to the battle of Salamis. He states, “They say too, that the victory of Gelo and Thero in Sicily over Hamilcar the Carthaginians tell out upon the very day that the Hellenes...
Words: 3298 - Pages: 14
...Polybius. The Histories: The Constitution of the Mid-Republic Often, when talking about Ancient Rome, images of a vast empire, flourishing cities, loyal citizens, and the most powerful and wealthy state of its time come to mind. While there are many factors that can be accredited to the success of this once grand nation, the most prominent, and impactful still today, would be that of the government—the Roman Republic. Much credit to the success of the Empire lies with the creation of this government that, to this day, is still viewed as ideal. Why though was the Roman government able to produce long periods of prosperity and unity? Perhaps a more detailed look how the government was able to operate functionally and efficiently for long spans of time lies within the Roman Constitution. Probably the first...
Words: 689 - Pages: 3
