...Food Borne Illness: Hepatitis A Shrinanir Glenn SCI/163 May 01, 2014 Joan Kane Food Borne Illness: Hepatitis A Every day Americans go through their day not realizing that they are a carrier of some type of disease. These diseases are called Pathogens, which are found in the air and food. It can also be found on objects that people come in contact with and people. One of these diseases is called Hepatitis A. Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) is an inflammation that affects the liver’s ability to function. Learning about the history behind Hepatitis A and known outbreaks as well as a way to prevent this virus can possibly help reduce the infection from forming and spreading. Hepatitis A is spread when an unexpected person consumes tiny amounts of fecal matter. This usually happens when people do not wash their hands after using the bathroom. According to Mayo Clinic (2011), Hepatitis A can be transmitted several ways, such as: when someone with the virus handles the food you eat without first carefully washing their hands after using the toilet, drinking contaminated water, eating raw shellfish from water polluted with sewage, being in close contact with a person who’s infected – even if that person has no signs or symptoms, and having sex with someone who has the virus (Mayo Clinic, 2011). There are times when outbreaks happen with different viruses which can have devastating effects and many casualties. And though outbreaks happen in other countries the United States...
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...Hepatitis A Kyndra Cockrell SCI/163 July 4, 2011 Mark Levit There are several food borne illnesses that we can develop such as salmonella, staphylococcus or Giardia, but the one I want to discuss is Hepatitis A. There are several forms of Hepatitis (Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C) but Hepatitis A is the most common type. Hepatitis A is a highly contagious infection that affects the liver and causes the liver to become inflamed and function improperly. Hepatitis A can be contracted several ways; the most common way is through food that has been contaminated by fecal matter or through contaminated water. Another way is through intravenous drug use or sexual activities with an infected person through oral-anal contact. People who work in daycare centers or senior living facilities are at a higher risk of contracting Hepatitis A because of the frequent diaper changes and assisting seniors with wiping themselves after bowel movements. Also people who travel to other countries such as Asia, South or Central America where water treatment is not sufficient (NIH, 2011). Symptoms of Hepatitis A usually do not show up for 2-7 weeks after being exposed. The symptoms are usually mild but they may last for several months after being exposed, especially in adults. The symptoms include, dark urine, loss of appetite, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, yellowing of the skin, clay like stool, muscle aches, and pain on the right side of the belly (WebMD, 2010). You can only...
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...and Nutrition Worksheet Week Two Danielle Church SCI/163 October 2, 2013 Professor Sean Gary Physical Fitness and Nutrition Worksheet Week Two Part 1: Five Components of Health Related Fitness Table Components of Physical Fitness | Description | How to Incorporate in Your Life | Benefit(s) | Cardio respiratory Fitness | Being able to exercise at a moderate to high intensity for a long period of time. | Walk two miles at a brisk pace every day. | Reduced the risk of heart disease, hypertension, and high cholesterol. | Muscular Strength | Maximum force able to exert by single contraction of a muscle or muscle group. | Start out with crunches, lunges, and squats. | The ability to carry out tasks easier like yard work. | Muscular Endurance | Ability to perform high-intensity muscle contractions repeatedly without fatiguing. | Doing push-ups to build up muscular endurance. | Increased metabolism, Reduced fatigue, fewer injuries, and fewer back problems. | Flexibility | Ability to move joints freely through their full range of motion. | Start with stretching or yoga to help with flexibility. | Being able to keep joints flexible and ability to reach or move. | Body Composition | The amount and relative proportions and distribution of fat mass and fat-free mass in the body. | By exercising, correctly eating, and managing time. | Living longer and living a healthy life. | Part 2: Critique a Meal 1. What is the name of the...
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...makes you aware of which factors may contribute to my risk and what can do be done to reduce these factors. I can also take more cancer risk profiles. This will create a picture of a specific cancer and what action I can take to reduce my chances of developing cancer. Through years of research and testing there has not been a cure for breast cancer. Breast cancer is caused by a malignant tumor or a group of cancer cells that starts in the breast producing milk in the glands. This tumor invades the normal tissue of the breast and spreads throughout distant areas of the body. This disease is known to attack women but men can get this disease as well. According to Breastcancer.org, about 1 in 8 women in the U.S. will develop cancer over the course of her lifetime. The lifetime risk for a man is 1 in 1,000 (U.S. Breast Cancer Statistics, 2012). There are many risk factors that may increase your chances of developing breast cancer such as family history, genetics, age, women, and weight to name a few. Some risk factors are controllable and others are not in our control. Weight is a factor that can be controlled by you. Being overweight can increases your risk for breast cancer. Proper diet and exercise can help reduce your risk. This does not eliminate you from developing this disease but it can reduce the risk. As a woman ages it plays a greater role in developing breast cancer. A 35 year old woman with no kids can put her at a higher risk. Family history and genetics...
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...Week 4 Chronic Food Borne Illness Salmonella SCI/163 Troy Bushman November 18, 2013 1 The infectious agent pathogen that causes salmonella is called salmonella enteritis. The bacteria are larger than a virus; but, are visible to the eye with the microscope. It is rod-shaped, gram negative, non-motile bacteria that do not form spores. Interestingly enough it communicates to its fellow bacteria via AHL. It infects the cell, multiplies within it; and then, bursts the cell. Special effector protein factors are required for salmonella intestinal invasion and the induction of fluid secretion and for inflammatory responses. There are about six names species names of it, salmonella enteritis’s, and salmonella enteric which cause the human disease. “Salmonella is one of the most commonly reported types of food-borne illness. Salmonella is caused by a variety of different bacteria. The ensuing illness is treatable, but in some cases, fatal. Most of the time people aren’t even aware they have salmonella, they think something they ate didn’t agree with them and the symptoms are mild and disappear quickly. I believe no one really takes any action of going to a hospital or to their doctor until the symptoms worsen and become unbearable or scary for them that’s at least what I do, which I shouldn’t because instead of me finding out what problem was solving it quickly, I go through the pain and agony until I can’t take it anymore. Quite often, the mishandling of food products...
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...DIABETES By: Lilianna Avila Osuna SCI/163 THE HISTORY OF DIABETES 1552 BC – This is the earliest known record of Diabetes. 1500 BC – Ants are attracted to the urine of people with a mysterious emaciating disease. 500 BC – First description of sugar in urine and its occurrence in obese individuals. 250 BC – Apollonius of Memphis is credited with coining the term “diabetes”. 1st Century AD – “A melting down of the flesh and limbs into urine.” 164 AD – Galen of Pergamum, diagnoses diabetes as a kidney ailment. Up to 11th Century – Mellitus, the Latin word for honey, is added to the term “diabetes”. 16th Century – Paracelsus identifies diabetes as a serious general disorder. 1776 – This is the first time the distinction between Type 1 & Type 2 has been made. 1797 – Rollo applies the first significant approach to the treatment of diabetes. Early 1800s – First chemical tests developed. 1848 – This is the first linking of diabetes and glycogen metabolism. 1869 – “Islets of Langerhans” 1897 – Average life expectancy of people with diabetes is reported. 1911 – Benedict devises a new method to measure urine sugar (Benedict’s Solution). 1921 – Insulin is “discovered”. A de-pancreatized dog is successfully treated with insulin. 1945 – Average life expectancy increased. WHAT IS DIABETES? a metabolic disease in which the body’s inability to produce any or enough insulin causes elevated levels of glucose in the blood. a lifelong (chronic) disease in which there are high levels...
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...Epidemic Salmonella Paper Katelynn Stepp SCI/163 Tracy Capili February 1, 2016 Salmonella is a food borne illness and it is most commonly known as food poisoning. It is an illness caused by a bacteria called salmonella enteritidis. This bacteria lives in the intestines of humans and animals and is transferred through fecal matter. When the feces enters into a food or water source and is consumed, it can lead to salmonella infection. Salmonella is typically caused by consuming improperly cooked or handled poultry and eggs. However, it can also be spread through animals such as lizards, turtles and ducks as well. These certain animals are carriers of the bacteria and by handling the animals and not properly washing your hands, the bacteria can be spread. This is a very common way that children contract salmonella because they are not yet consistent on sanitation. Many adults contract the illness by eating the contaminated food though children can contract it through an infected food source as well and vice versa. Symptoms of food poisoning or salmonella can show up anywhere from twelve to seventy-two hours after consumption or exposure. There are several gastrointestinal side effects that include inflammation of the stomach and intestine, fever, chills, headache and body aches or pain. Symptoms can also include, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. These usually last a few days but typically no more than a week. Though rare, the CDC also reports that in a few amount...
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...Action Plan for Optimal health and Wellness Josue Ramirez SCI/163 May 23, 2013 Dr. Sara Love Action Plan for Optimal Health and Wellness To achieve optimal health and wellness we must be able to incorporate and balance the six dimensions and/or elements of health; Physical, spiritual, social, intellectual, emotional and environmental. We must change our attitudes, beliefs and our unhealthy behaviors. Change is never easy, in fact the majority it is quire difficult, taking at least five tries before succeeding in changing the unhealthy behavior (Donatelle, p. 17, 2011). Increasing society’s awareness about the effects of these elements puts us on a path to optimal health and wellness. Top Three Elements Three elements we would increase in society are physical, spiritual and environmental. Although we agreed social wellness was is important we believed that taking care of our environment would impact both our physical and spiritual elements, especially if we committed ourselves to actively cleaning up our neighborhoods and communities. As we should be exercising at five days a week for at least twenty minutes a day and eating well balanced meals, learning more about taking care of our environment would produce the knowledge of creating a healthier environment to live in. Like taking on the physical aspect of walking through our neighborhoods picking up trash or going door to door letting our neighbors know of the benefits...
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...Education Coordinating Board of the State of Washington Indiana State Board of Nursing Joint Review Committee on Education In Radiologic Technology National Alliance of Concurrent Enrollment Partnerships National Association of Schools of Art and Design National Association of Schools of Theatre National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission Printing Industries of America, Inc. Approved for Veterans Membership The American Association of Community Colleges Aviation Technician Education Council The Council of North Central Two Year Colleges The Higher Education Transfer Alliance The National Academic Advising Association The North Central Association of Colleges and Schools Servicemembers Opportunity Colleges TOLL FREE NUMBER: 1-800-742-9198 FAX NUMBER: 1-812-888-5868 ADDRESS: 1002 North First Street, Vincennes, Indiana 47591 PHONE: 812-888-8888 WEB: www.vinu.edu myvu.vinu.edu Dr. Richard E. Helton Twenty-First President of Vincennes University COMMITMENT TO SERVICES: All employees of Vincennes University are committed to...
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...|[pic] |Course Syllabus | | |College of Natural Sciences | | |SCI/163 Version 4 | | |Elements of Health and Wellness | Copyright © 2013, 2012, 2011, 2009 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. EL14FS05 Course Start Date: 04/16/2014 Course End Date: 05/14/2014 Wednesday’s *6 PM to 10 PM* El Centro Learning Center 3095 North Imperial Suite 101 El Centro, California - 92243 Phone: 800-473-4346 Instructor: Rosyo Ramirez, MPA Course Description This course reinforces the concept that learning effectively and living well involves both the mind and body. It presents the fundamentals of wellness and preventive health including strategic planning to attain and maintain personal optimal health. In addition, physical and mental diseases are discussed along with the dangers of environmental pollution, stress, addiction, and other negative factors that can affect personal health. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held...
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...maker strictly adheres to a given inventory policy, our model allows him to deviate, accounting for private information held by the decision maker, yet unobservable to the econometrician. This turns out to reconcile our empirical findings with the literature. These “decision deviations” lead to information losses in the order process, resulting in strictly positive value of downstream information sharing. We prove that this result holds for any forecast lead time and for more general policies. We also systematically map the product characteristics to the value of information sharing. Key words : supply chain, information sharing, information distortion, decision deviation, time series, forecast accuracy, empirical forecasting, ARIMA process. 1....
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...from www.annualreviews.org by Queen Mary & Westfield on 03/14/11. For personal use only. POISONING L. F. Prescott and J. A. J. H Critchley Regional Poisoning Treatment Centre, and University Department of Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, The Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, EH3 9YW, Scotland INTRODUCTION Acetaminophen (paracetamol, N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, 4-hydroxyacetani lide) is a non-prescription antipyretic analgesic that was first introduced into clinical medicine towards the end of the last century (1). It attracted little interest until it was found to be the major metabolite of both acetani lide and phenacetin (2, 3) and in recent years it has become an increasingly popular substitute for aspirin. Acetaminophen seemed to be remarkably safe when taken in recommended doses and formal toxicity studies were never carried out. In 1964 Eder (4) first reported liver damage in cats given 25-50 mglKg of acetaminophen daily for 26 weeks, and two years later Boyd & Bereczky described extensive hepatic necrosis in acute toxicity studies in rats (5). At the same time liver damage was first reported in man following acetaminophen overdosage (6, 7). The use of acetaminophen for self-poisoning has since increased dramatically in many countries and acute hepatic necrosis, sometimes fatal, has attracted much attention as the major complication (8-16). CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND COMPLICATIONS OF ACETAMINOPHEN POISONING Apart from nausea and vomiting there are no...
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...paradoxical relations among TQM practices, plant performance, and customer satisfaction. TQM practices have a stronger impact on customer satisfaction than they do on plant performance. Further, the plant performance, as described in the mediational model, fails to show a significant impact on customer satisfaction. This observation is explained based on an institutional argument that states that loose coupling may occur between TQM practices designed for customer demands and the activities on the plant floor designed for plant performance. q 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Empirical research; Operation strategy; Interdisciplinary; Quality; Performance; Customer satisfaction; Institutional theory; Supply chain 1. Introduction US manufacturing firms have faced heightened challenges from global competitors and a reduced market share during the past two decades ŽMeredith, 1992; Krajewski and Ritzman, 1996.. To renew their competitiveness, many firms have adopted the practices of total quality management ŽTQM., and their experiences have been detailed in many books and...
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...Comprehensive Review of the Research A United States Tennis Association Sport Science Committee Project Editors: Mark S. Kovacs, PhD Todd S. Ellenbecker, DPT W. Ben Kibler, MD Introduction In the last two decades, physical training and competitive opportunities have increased dramatically in junior, collegiate and professional tennis. This arose due to a multitude of factors, but much of it has stemmed from an increase in knowledge and understanding of scientifically based training programs focused on improving performance. As this focus on performance has increased, the area of recovery has received relatively limited focus. Recovery is a multi-faceted paradigm focusing on recovery from training—session to session, day to day and week to week. Recovery is also vitally important during training as well as in competition between matches and between days during multi-day tournaments. As more information is needed in the area of tennis specific recovery, the Sport Science Committee of the United States Tennis Association (USTA) sponsored an extensive evidence-based review of the available literature related to eight distinct areas of tennis-specific recovery. These eight areas are: • • • • • • • • Nutritional Aspects of Tennis Recovery Heat and Hydration Aspects of Tennis Recovery Psychological Aspects of Tennis Recovery Recovery Aspects of Young Tennis Players Physiological Aspects of Tennis Recovery Musculoskeletal Injuries/ Orthopedics...
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...these wars. He notes that many of the longest civil wars of the world take place in the context of “sons-of-the-soil” disputes. The hallmarks of these wars are that they are protracted, low in intensity, fought between a government and a peripheral ethnic group seeking autonomy or secession, and the rebels do not view the government as a credible partner in peace talks. Democracy and mediation in territorial civil wars in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific Table 1 The territorial wars in Southeast Asia and South Pacific, 1960–2005 Territory Insurgents Start date 5 August 1950 1 January 1965 Episode start 5 August 1950 31 December 1965 1 January 1967 1 January 1976 7 December 1975 7 December 1975 1 January 1992 1 January 1997 1 May 1989 1 January 1963 1 January 1948 8 September 1990 8 January 1999 1 January 1963 31 December 1948 27 January 1995 1 January 1997 12 April 2005 1 January 1948 1 January 1948 29 December 1991 1 January 1994 1 January 1958 31 December 1948 27 March 1990 23 December 1996 1 January 1949 1 January 1957 Episode end 249 South Moluccas Republic of South Moluccas West Papua West Papua West Papua East Timor East Timor East Timor Aceh Aceh North Borneo Karen Karen Karen Karen Arakan Arakan Arakan Mon Mon Mon Kachin Kachin Karenni Karenni Karenni Karenni Shan OPM OPM OPM Fretilin Fretilin Fretilin GAM GAM CCO God’s army, KNU God’s army, KNU God’s army, KNU God’s army, KNU Arakan Insurgents, ARIF, RSO Arakan Insurgents, ARIF, RSO Arakan Insurgents, ARIF...
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