...The main current legislation, guidelines, policies and procedures within own UK home nation for Safeguarding children and young people. (REF 1.1) The main current legislation for safeguarding children and young people are: - Children Act 1989 - The Children Act (Every child matters) 2004 - Protection of Children Act 1999 - Data protection Act 1998 - Safeguarding vunerable group Act 2006 - Sexual offences Act 2003 - Criminal justice and court services Act 2000 - Equalities Act 2010 - Data protection Act 1998 non-statutory guidance - United Nations Convention on the rights of the child The main current guidelines for safeguarding children and young people are: - Working together to safeguard children The main current policies and procedures for safeguarding children and young people are: - Child Protection Policy Child protection is part of the wider work to safeguard and promote the welfare of children and young people. It refers to the activity that is undertaken to protect specific children who are suffering from any form of abuse or neglect. It also involves protecting children and young people from maltreatment and preventing impairment of a child’s health and development by ensuring children are raised in positive circumstances by providing safe and caring environments. Parents or carers who fail to protect or care for their children could then be taken to court and the child be then removed from the home and placed into care. Wider forms of safeguarding...
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...A. MacDonald. He believed that we would be shocked today at some of its provisions. Severe punishments such as whipping for any offence was rewarded. 2. Current Criminal Code is based on the changes to accommodate the needs to changing times. Most of the laws are changed by time to bring ease for the citizens of the country. Some of the laws such as birth control and abortion was seen as a crime until 1988. But there are many changes to the law today, the law contains some 28 parts which includes a range of offences from s. 49 “intending to alarm her majesty” to s. 71 (C) “accepts a challenge to fight a duel” to very serious offences such as murder. In section 2 of the Code, simple terms are given a far more complex definition. 3. Indictable Offences are more serious offences such as aggravated assault. 4. Summary Conviction Offences are less serious offences such as water skiing at night, common assault, or theft under a certain amount. 5. Hybrid offences includes a wide range of offence that may include indictable or summary conviction offences at the option of the crown. A number of trail options are given to the accused dependent to their charges, whether its a summary conviction or indictable offence Part | Section Number(s) and Name of the Offence | Type of Offence (Indictable,Summary, Hybrid) | Sentence | Part II— Offences Against Public Order | Sections 46 and 47, High Treason | Indictable | Life Imprisonment | Part II— Piracy | Section 74 | Indictable...
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...Policies and procedures for safeguarding and child protection in England and Wales are the result of the Children Act 1989 and the Children Act 2004 which introduced further changes to the way the protection system was structured. The Children Act 1989 aimed to simplify the laws that protected children and young people. They were thought of as a serious shake up and made it clear to those who worked with children what their duties were and how they should work together in cases of child abuse in Working Together to Safeguard Children 1999. The tragic death of Victoria Climbie at the hands of her carers in 2000 highlighted the dysfunctional way in which services for children were happening. The Laming report of 2003 examined this and produced the green paper/policy Every child matters which in turn instigated extensions to the Children Act 1989 creating the Children Act 2004, all of which support the UNCRC's articles e.g. 19, 32, that give children the right to be protected from harm and to have protection procedures in place that enable care for a child that safeguards their well-being. The Children Act 2004 focuses on: • The integration of children’s services and the introduction of children’s directors with responsibility for local authority education and children’s social services. • Lead councillors for children’s services with political responsibility for local welfare. • The establishment of Local Safeguarding Children’s Boards (LSCB) with statutory powers to ensure...
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...be defined as a combination of crime and computer. Or any offence or crime in which involved are computers and networks. Origins of Cybercrime combine the term crime with the root cyber from the word cybernetic, from the Greek, kubernân, which means to lead or govern. The cyber environment includes all forms of digital activities, regardless of whether they are conducted through networks and without borders. This extends the previous term computer crime to encompass crimes committed using the Internet, all digital crimes, and crimes involving telecommunications networks. For example, cybercrimes can range from being fraud to unrequested emails (spam). They can also steal both government and corporate secrets by hijacking through official sites. These crimes also involve in stealing huge amounts of money from online bank accounts. Cybercrimes can also indulge in non-money offenses like creating viruses on others computers or posting some confidential information on the internet. (Which at once affected entire world except India as our people doesn’t possess any protection to our computers). In altogether, these cybercrimes can never amount to a single category. As we have them committing in various ways and places. Unlike other countries, cyber Crime is not defined in Information Technology Act 2000 or in the I.T. Amendment Act 2008 or in any other legislation in India. In fact, it cannot be too. Offence or crime has been dealt with elaborately listing various acts...
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...Protection of Wrecks Act 1973 Any supplement of a vessel being protected stated under the Protection of Wrecks Act 1973 would have to be protected under certain subsections of that legislation. In this respect, the first point to address is if the vessel was found in a distraught place under s.1 (1) (a) ‘the site of a vessel lying wrecked on or in the sea bed;’ suggests any vessel unprotected or unguarded, would have to be protected. As stated in s.1 (1) (b) ‘the site ought to be protected from unauthorised interference’ suggesting any person interfering with these vessels would be committing an illegal offence and could be contributing to satisfying all the necessary requirements set out in the Act. Secondly, due to the importance of the vessel being a historical antique, it is therefore valuable; and therefore the vessels are more likely to be kept under protection. As ‘s.1 (1) (b) stresses the value of vessels by describing it as ‘historical, archaeological or artistic.’ It could be argued that this defeats the sole purpose of keeping the vessels safe. Furthermore, the subsection has reference to ‘any object contained or formerly contained in it which it may be lying on the sea bed in or near the wreck may be protected’. Any content in the vessels that is lying on the sea bed in or near the wreck is also treasured should also be protected under section 1 of the act. In reference to s.1 (2) (a) ‘the restricted area shall be all within such distance of the site (so identified)...
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...Taking a Position The key issue of this comic strip is that two co-workers on break and one worker is trying to get another worker to steal from the company that they work for. Anita suspends judgment before taking a position. She really is shocked at first, and then she see that she could use the extra money but she realizes that stealing is wrong. To me Anita use logic and more value judgment because, if the company find out about the theft they will fire her, and she will lose everything. She notices that yes she is broke now but if she has no job she will be broke permanently. She makes a decision. She know she had to do what is right no matter if her co-worker was her friend or not, but wrong is wrong. Recall My issue is the same as Anita except my co-workers takes a pre-paid card every month for her phone without paying for it. She told me about how she go about doing so and how I can go about getting one without paying as well. I really thought about it for a day because she put it in my head plus that same month was not able to pay for a phone card so my phone was off for a while. So, yes I suspend judgment before taking a position. I use logic and moral because I know that I could lose my job and theft would follow me for the rest of my life. I also know my mother raised and thought me better. I made the decision to report the situation to my manager the next morning when I return to work because I know that it wrong to steal. I know that...
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...Adminstrative Ethics Paper Lonijoy Gardiner HCS/ 335 June 13, 2010 Tyler Zerwekh Adminstrative Ethics Paper Today we are going look into a commissioner that is fighting to keep his job despite having a felony. Is this ethical right? What are some issues with employing an individual with felonies? These are all questions that we need to ask ourselves. This article talks about a Kentwood Commissioner Ray VerWys, in 2001 he was convicted of embezzling between “$20,000 and $50,000 involving his employer” (Lafurgey, 2011). He was also convicted of a second case and pleaded guilty later in the year. He did not tell the public when he ran for commissioner that he was convicted of felonies. His co-workers want him out of office. They feel that he was honest and that as a public official there are certain standards that need to be maintained by a public official. One unethical issue that is an issue is VerWys was not honest. In a public standard it is improtant for a person to be honest and let the public know what happened any why. We have seen many cases in government where politicans are not honest and it all comes out later in life. Take John Edwards for example, took campaign money and spent it on his mistress. He claims he does nothing wrong and should not be charged with embezzlement. According to a federal jusdge in North Carolina “We will not permit candadiates for high office to abuse their special ability to access the coffers of their political supporters...
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...society P1 GRAFFITI ON PUBLIC PROPERTY Section 6 of the Criminal Damage Act 1971 provides for offences in relation to graffiti. If you are caught doing graffiti, you can be fined up to £5,000 if the damage caused is less than £5,000. Alternatively you may be given a community service order rather than a fine which is often the case in relation to young offenders. If the cost of the damage is over £5,000 then the case will be referred to the Crown Court which is able to give tougher sentences. Section 6 of the Criminal Damage Act is also used for searches of people’s homes in very serious cases which includes searching computer records. For example, they may find photographs of the graffiti. The Criminal Damage Act does not allow stop and search powers. This means that people who have been stopped for doing graffiti are unable to be searched for things such as spray cans. GENERAL STREET DISORDER Under the Crime and Disorder Act 1998, people over the age of 10 can be punished for general street disorder by receiving an ASBO. Having an ASBO means that you are required to abide by strict rules. Such as: * A strict limitation on places to go * Unable to spend time with people who are well known for causing trouble * No drinking on the street An ASBO will last for at least 2 years. It can be reviewed if behaviour improves. Breaching an ASBO is a criminal offence and can result in the person being taken to court. DOG FOULING Legal measures to prevent...
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...CRIMINAL BREACH OF TRUST: The principal objective of criminal law is to punish an offender. The nature of the offences, for the purpose of these objectives, varies from offences ranging from theft to homicide, murder, etc. It is, however, imperative to note that the Indian Penal Code, 1860, not only deals with offences that are obviously criminal in nature, but also deals with intricate offences, earmarked with human intricacies and complexities like breach of trust, misappropriation of another's properties, etc. Against this background, let us take a look at the various aspects of criminal breach of trust, which offence is dealt with by our criminal statutes as a penal offence. The offence of criminal breach of trust in India closely resembles the offence of embezzlement under English Law. Offences committed by trustees with regard to trust property fall within the purview of criminal breach of trust. Similarly, a partner in a partnership firm can be held to be guilty of criminal breach of trust in respect of a partnership asset. CRIMINAL BREACH OF TRUST -MEANING: Section 405 of the Indian Penal Code defines criminal breach of trust. In a layman's language, criminal breach of trust may be defined as the fraudulent appropriation of another's property by a person to whom it has been entrusted, or into whose hands it has lawfully come. The ownership or beneficial interest in the property in respect of which the criminal breach of trust is alleged to have been committed...
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...Computers and Crime Faculty of Arts Assignment One Author Question: The Australian Centre for Policing Research Minimum provisions for the investigation of computer based offences (Reading 3) sets out the following items that should be considered for computer crime related legislation: 1. Unauthorised use 2. Computer related fraud 3. Computer forgery 4. Damage to computers 5. Unauthorised interception 6. Unauthorised reproduction of a protected computer program 7. Data misappropriation 8. Unauthorised access devices 9. Impersonation 10. Objectionable material and child pornography Compare the legislation available in your jurisdiction to each of the above items. The legislation can be shown in table form if convenient. Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the legislation in your jurisdiction against the ACPR ‘ Minimum Provision.’ The Queensland Police Service has a dedicated computer investigation Section that investigates all computer related offences. To facilitate this, the following State legislation are used: Criminal Code Act 1899 Classification of Computer Games and Images Act 1995 Evidence Act 1977 Criminal Proceeds Confiscations Act 2002 Table demonstrating Queensland Law and relevant Act and Section |Incident description |Covered by State Legislation |Relevant Act and Section | |Unauthorised Use |Yes ...
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...qualifications and joined a Hell’s Angels motorcycle club. By now I was committing more serious offences, making the lives of my mother and four sisters an absolute misery. But for me it was all just a game of cops and robbers. I was in and out of jail and even committed a serious offence while on the run: that was when I hurled a table into the air in a pub and a young girl had her face badly lacerated. By 22, as a result of armed robbery, I received an eight-year sentence. I felt no remorse and from day one I rebelled against the prison. I was proud of my crimes – they were me and showed people that I was a nasty, evil bastard who was not to be messed with. At one time I ended up doing solitary at Dartmoor for 18 months because by that point I’d become almost rabid and would attack anyone. It was then that a psychiatrist suggested that I go to the therapeutic prison, Grendon Underwood. At Grendon we worked together in small groups. A lot of soul searching went on. I did exceedingly well in therapy and started helping others. I started getting anxious about being released in case I went back into crime. It was then that my probation officer started telling me about restorative justice. She felt I’d reached a point where I could feel empathy, and suggested that perhaps I should meet one of my victims. The question was, which one? There were literally hundreds. My probation officer asked me which offence...
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...Thinking Critically about Ethics MONDAY Carl was in violation of the following model rules at various times throughout the day. He appears to be in violation of Model rules 1.8, 1.5 as well as the Ethical Considerations that apply being EC- 1.5 (a), EC- 1.7(a), EC 1.6(a) TUESDAY Carl didn’t do much better on Tuesday when he managed to violate Model Rules 1.8, 1.5 and the accompanying Ethical Considerations EC-1.5 (e), EC-1.6 (a) WEDNESDAY Carl appears to have disregard ABA Model rules 1.8, 7.1, 7.3 and EC-1.8 (a) THURSDAY The ABA Model Rules that were disregarded on this day were 1.5 (c), 1.1 and the Ethical Considerations for these were EC-1.1 (a), EC-1.1 (b), and EC-1.5 (f) FRIDAY Carl did not follow ABA Model Rules 1.7 (a), EC-1.7 (a). In addition to the model rules that were broken the attorney that was supervising Carl was commingling funds from the client trust account to pay Carl his paycheck 2. I have reviewed all of the comments I had made pertaining to the 5 days that Carl had spent at the law office and I believe that one of the most serious events that had taken place was when Carl had asked for his paycheck on Friday and Attorney Howe did not have the cash resources on hand to pay him the paycheck so he took the money out of the client trust account which is also referred to as commingling which is not only unethical but is also a criminal...
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...A public offense action is an action brought in the interest of a child who is accused of committing an offense relating to firearms and weapons or a public offense which, if committed by an adult, would be a crime. [Petitioner F v. Brown, 2008 Ky. App. LEXIS 42 (Ky. Ct. App. 2008)]. The following is an example of a state statute (Kentucky) on public offense action: KRS § 600.020. Public offense action means an action, excluding contempt, brought in the interest of a child who is accused of committing an offense relating to firearms and weapons or a public offense which, if committed by an adult, would be a crime, whether the same is a felony, misdemeanor, or violation, other than an action alleging that a child sixteen (16) years of age or older has committed a motor vehicle offense A public offense action is an action brought in the interest of a child who is accused of committing an offense relating to firearms and weapons or a public offense which, if committed by an adult, would be a crime. [Petitioner F v. Brown, 2008 Ky. App. LEXIS 42 (Ky. Ct. App. 2008)]. The following is an example of a state statute (Kentucky) on public offense action: KRS § 600.020. Public offense action means an action, excluding contempt, brought in the interest of a child who is accused of committing an offense relating to firearms and weapons or a public offense which, if committed by an adult, would be a crime, whether the same is a felony, misdemeanor, or violation, other than an action alleging...
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...) Using your own words discuss the main reason why children and young people may need to be cared for away from their families. People who abuse children come from all social backgrounds, all walks of life, different races and cultures. They can parents and other people the child knows well like family friends and relatives and it is not so common for a child to be abused by a stranger. Children and young people under the age of 18 need to be cared for away from their families, if they are in severe danger or significant harm is caused to them such as child’s physical, emotional, mental health or development is impaired as a consequence of abuse or neglect and the most important priority is to make them safe. So if a particular adult presents that danger, the adult may be asked to move out of the family home voluntarily or stay away while the enquiry takes place and if they don’t move out, then social services can apply for an emergency protection court order. This would enable the child to live away from home until it was safe for them to return. Also children and young people may need to be cared for away from their families, when an investigation finds that a child needs protection, and the social worker will take whatever steps are most appropriate and least disruptive to the child. Children are only removed from their homes when they’re in immediate danger and nothing less disruptive can protect them. Another reason why children may be cared away from their homes its...
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...punished by the laws that be and stigmatized by society instead of being rendered justice to and protected.2 This paper will examine the laws relating to rape and/or governing rape trials in Nigeria, to wit: the Penal Code and Criminal Code and the Evidence Act, to underscore the meaning, elements, defences and application of the offence of rape in Nigeria and determine their sufficiency and/or insufficiency with regards to victim protection. Accordingly, the paper will access and overhaul the statutory definition of rape, the common law presumption as to the age of a person who may commit the offence, the requirement for corroboration of evidence of a rape victim/survivor and the issue of consent as a defence to rape. The gender insensitive nature of the law on rape in Nigeria which constitutes a discrimination against men (by defining rape as an offence which can only be committed by a male) will also be highlighted. Suggestions will also be made for legislative review or upgrade of the law on rape in Nigeria in line with what obtains in some other jurisdictions. 1.0 Meaning of Rape Rape is a specific sexual offence and one of the sexual offences known to the Nigerian criminal jurisprudence.3 The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) considers rape as a form of discriminatory violence against women4And Article 1(g) of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court recognizes rape as a crime against humanity. The Black’s...
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