...for survival, the law prohibiting the widespread of trading human organs in numerous nations is being a controversial issue. The information from “Topics for today” (Smith and Mare, 2004) as well as reference of other resources presenting in this paper does express two different perceptions. While most of ethical and political organisations oppose to transaction human organs, I still belive that it is necessary to legalize that business with the purpose of making the best endeavor in regaining the subsistence of millions patients. Revoking the law which does forbid the patient has the right to buy flesh and people has authority to sell their organs would be beneficial besides merely saving a person’s life. First of all, both dealers are beneficiaries from the business transaction. Ross Taylor, president of the British Transplantation Society revealed a tremendous view of the people who prepare to martyr themselves. Their desperate circumstances are motivations for them to sell their body organs for justifiable even lofty intention as paying off of debts, college tuitions or even saving their families. While their donations are considered as a gift for patients’ life, they are also rescued from the impoverished situation. Simultaneously, legalization of human organs trading facilitates for the available flesh to reach the expectation of people who are waiting for transplantation. The adequate resource of human organs synonyms with millions patients are saving. By contrast, the...
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...Report on organ sales Peng Yl Tutor: F.Yang Study skills 6/12 International Business Class 5 Table of contents 1. Executive summary This report was to research whether we should legalize the sale of human organs. It examined the cases about organ sales all over the world. The major methodology is case study of quality research. The main findings were that situation of organ translation and sales in entire world. It was concluded that legalize the sales of human organs can not make more people get rescue and the sale of human organs is a kind of crime. The recommendations are that organ sales should be banned and society needs a law to control the black market. 2. Introduction Here is the report concerning about whether we should legalize the sale of human organs. People has discussed about it for a long time. According to public reports, China has become the world's second largest organ transplantation country. In China, There are about ten thousand cases of transplant operation each year. Besides, millions of patients are waiting for organ transplants. Under the serious imbalance of organ supply, some patients tend to buy organs through black market. It resulted in the formation of underground organ trading chain. My assumption in this report is organ sales can not be legalized. The scopes of this report are the cases about organ sales all over the world. The methodology I used is quality research...
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...Question 1: Is Sol Levin running a business ‘just like any other business’, or is his company open to moral criticism? Defend your answer by appeal to moral principle. Sol Levin’s business has adopted the practices that would create injustices or would violate the rights of individuals due to this business is allowing blood to be bought and sold in unfair manner. Every person has an equal right to life. To protect this right, society has an obligation to ensure that every person whether rich or poor has equal access to medical benefits. But if a market in blood were to develop, ability to pay would determine who could buy blood, while economic need would determine who would be motivated to sell their blood. The very wealthy would end up buyers of the blood being sold by the very poor. A market in blood would thus benefit the wealthy while putting pressures on the poor to endanger their own health. Such an unequal distribution of health benefits and burdens would be unjust. (Brock and Wikler, 2006) Moreover, individuals have a right to live their lives with freedom and dignity. A market in blood would inevitably lead to abuses that would violate the freedom and dignity of individuals. Allowing blood to be bought and sold would lead to what one critic called the "plundering of peasants' parts for profits", the exploitation of the poor and ignorant, especially in impoverished third-world countries. People living in extreme poverty are often desperate and ill-informed...
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...With advanced medical treatments getting more accessible to public, there has been a scarcity of organs for transplantation for the past few decades. In order to meet the enormous demand, alternative sources have been adopted from condemned prisoners to supplement the supply. In particular, the practice of harvesting the organs of condemned prisoners for use in transplant operations has become an open secret in China. As the number whom she executes has decreased by 75% in recent years, shortage problem arises for a medical system that relying on such flow of organs. In fact, use of executed prisoners' organs for medical transplantation has always received bitter criticism from the international community. What highlight the problem are the...
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...Cloning Name of Student Name of Institution Outline Topic: Cloning: Pros and Cons I. Introduction What is cloning? Thesis statement – cloning should not be completely banned since is has positive benefits to human beings. II. Body A. Advantages of cloning 1. Present medicine a. Treating cancer and Alzheimer’s b. Organ transplant 2. Solution to infertility and aging a. Cloning human beings for children b. Reversing effects of aging 3. Conservation of endangered animals and food security a. Cloning of almost extinct animals b. Cloning livestock for food security B. Disadvantages of cloning 1. Trial and error technique a. Cloning of dolly b. Possibility of failure 2. Transfer of diseases and abnormalities 3. Disregard for life and God III. Conclusion A. Logical Summary B. Reworded thesis statement C. closing Statement Pros and Cons of Cloning Cloning is explained as the process in which a precise genetic copy of another cell, tissue or organism is created. The genetic make up of the copied material is identical to the original and it is known as a clone. Cloning takes place naturally during the formation of identical twins. The first living thing to be cloned was a sheep known as Dolly at the Roslin Institute in Scotland by Ian Wilmut (Devolder ,1-4). In my opinion cloning should not be completely banned because even if it has disadvantages it also has positive benefits. Cloning has advantages and disadvantages. Cloning has possible...
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...Human and Animal Sex Pheromones A pheromone is a secreted or excreted chemical factor that triggers a social response in members of the same species. Pheromones are chemicals capable of acting outside the body of the secreting individual to impact the behavior of the receiving individual. When secreted by an individual into the environment, it can cause a specific reaction in other individuals, usually of the same species. The term “pheromone” was introduced by Peter Karlson, a German biochemist and Martin Luscher, a Swiss entomologist in 1959 based on the Greek word pherein--to transport hormone--to stimulate. Pheromones are sometimes classified as ecto-horomones. These chemical messengers are transported outside of the body and result in a direct developmental effect on hormone levels or behavioral change. The primary function of these chemical signals is to attract members of the opposite sex of the same species for the purpose of mating. This pheromone communication has been extensively studied in animals. But in recent years research has been applied to higher level organisms such as humans. Human pheromones put out signals that naturally affect human attraction. Most sex pheromones are produced by the females and a small percentage of sex attractants are produced by males. The newest research has shown that not only do these human pheromones exist, but they are gender specific: heterosexual men and woman and homosexual men respond differently to them...
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...Ideas, USA www.ijbssnet.com A study of Organizational Citizenship Behaviours, Organizational Structures and Open Innovation M. Muzamil NAQSHBANDI* Dr. Sharan KAUR Deptt of Business Strategy and Policy Faculty of Business and Accountancy University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia- 50603 E-mail: virkul@gmail.com* Abstract With increasing technological advances, the need to create not only innovations but faster innovation has become a part of sustaining or gaining competitive advantage. Open innovation paradigm answers this need by utilizing larger resources and expertise that firms involved in the open innovation process offer. Given the recency of the concept of open innovation, the factors that influence the creation of open innovation are hazy. Most of the research on open innovation looks at the “hard” aspects of organizations, while the soft issues stand less researched. This conceptual paper draws attention to two such aspects of organization: organizational citizenship behaviour and organizational structure. This paper proposes that practicing organizational citizenship behaviours by the employees enhances the chances of creation of open innovation while not doing so can botch up the whole exercise particularly during the infancy stage. It is also proposed that informal organizational structures favour creation of innovation in the open innovation paradigm more than the rigid formal structures. It is further argued that besides proper citizenship...
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...membership organizations should provide IP services? III. Types of IP - Copyright - Patents - Trademark - Industrial designs - Geographical indication IV. History and structure of WIPO - The Main Organs - Committees Established by Treaty Provisions - Committees Constituted Under One or More of the Main Organs - Working Groups V. Mission and activities - Mission of WIPO - Activities The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) I. Definition: 1. Definition of INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY - Intellectual property, very broadly, means the legal rights which result from intellectual activity in the industrial, scientific, literary and artistic fields. - Two reasons that countries should have laws to protect intellectual property: + giving statutory expression to the moral and economic rights of creators + encouraging fair trading which would contribute to economic and social development. 2. Introducing WIPO - The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations (UN) system of organizations. Its complexity results from the relatively long history of the Organization (using that term to cover also the predecessors of the present Organization, WIPO) and from the fact that, since its origins in the last century, new treaties have been progressively concluded, each establishing a legally separate Union of States, usually with its own administrative organ of member States and budget...
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...and demand for labor mean that organizations need to focus more heavily on attraction, retention and career development of staff in order to meet these challenges’- Discuss The present essay focuses on the strategic human resource management and global shifts in demand and supply of labor which almost all the companies are facing to have skilled personnel. This essay critically evaluates some of the issues related to SHRM, global shifts in the supply and demand for labor which is then linked to the attraction, retention and career development for employees which an Organization provides these days for having better workforce with in the company. To support the arguments in the essay, the evidence are taken from the published scholarly articles. In the beginning of the essay we understand the role of SHRM, issues related to shifts in global labor market and its impact on organizations where recruitment, retention and career development of staff have become major challenge to the companies. We can also understand how employer formulates the strategy or strategies to retain the skilled employees with in the company. The role of HR executives in the SHRM and Organizational Performance are raising needs for the business and in the next future the HR will play a vital task in achieving the competitive advantage of the company. One international review shows that HR needs to be strategically planned to achieve competitive advantage by being more amenable to an extremely competitive...
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...Human trafficking is the transportation of human beings all across the nation for prostitution, slavery, and organ removal. People of all ages are taken every day and sold in the black market for only ninety dollars per person; also one in five of those missing people are children no older than ten years old. As I grew up in a third world country and saw the tragedy of someone who was once kidnapped and later found with missing limbs. Human trafficking is clearly a crime that majority of people over look. A film released in 2008 clearly illustrated the horror and cruelty of human trafficking, and what that person faces as they are taken away from their loved ones and forced to do things out of their will. As well as a Famous Youtuber who showed...
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...It is possible to clone mammals. Is it morally acceptable to clone a human being? Defend your answer against those who would not agree with you. By: Martin Pierce Student Number: 1057404 In cloning for medical-research purposes the development of the embryo is halted as soon as a cluster of stem cells develops. The stem cells are then harvested for research purposes. Due to the fact that no infant is born (in fact the embryo never even gets past the blastocyst stage), it is argued that this type of cloning has nothing to do with human cloning. (Hatch Backs Limited Cloning, 2002). For this reason this paper shall take the statement “to clone a human being” as meaning cloning that results in a fully formed human and not on the cloning of embryos for the purposes of research. The issues around cloning are in the main more ethical than theological and yet most of the objections to cloning come from religious sources, even if those objections are not religious in nature. The first objection is that cloning leaves God out of the process of human creation. This only makes sense though if your definition of God is of a being that plays a role in the birth of each member of our species. Even holding to this view it does not necessarily follow that cloning is comparable to playing God (Brannigan, 2001). How can science prevent a supposedly...
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...what life has to offer. This is a great mindset for anyone to have since life is a beautiful thing and worth living. With all of the advanced medical technology on this specific subject and the new findings that are constantly being done to prolong the human lifespan, we start to enter into the area of what is ethically right and wrong and wonder how much is too much? There are many different forms of medical treatment that can save someone’s life. This will vary from medicine to surgery and many things in between. Not everyone will agree on some of the techniques used, but most people understand why someone would want to save their life. Since people will try to save their own lives if they are dying, many scientists believe that there is no difference in trying to extend a life through medicine, or trying to create a life from another person through a cloning system. This is where the tables turn from helping mankind, to hurting what God has created for us. There are many conflicts between prolonging life and Christianity. Some people say that the world is entering into an area we do not belong, while others say we have already crossed that line. How Religion Is Impacted By Science Extending the Lifespan of a Human Introduction Currently, physicians have the know-how and advanced technology which...
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...Robotic surgery or robotic-assisted surgery uses robots that are controlled by actual surgeons. The robots are merely for precision and accuracy during the surgery as human surgeons are prone to error due to distractions. The development also allows doctors to perform a lot more complex operations than they were able to before. It does not stop there; Robotic surgery allows for much more flexibility options, control- ability and accuracy in precision (Lanfranco, et al. 2004). The surgeon makes tiny incisions on the patient, then the blades and other surgical instruments that are attached to the robot, penetrate through the incisions. This kind of surgery has been successful in some traditional open surgical operations (Mayo Clinic, 2015). Application of general anesthesia is important during surgery because it alters the perception of the body toward a painful stimulus. General anesthesia is applied to ensure that the procedure is painless. It takes a patient to relax and submit themselves to the hands of the surgeon as the only way of healing. The anesthesia, therefore, works by reducing the anxiety that may bring complications as the patients are unconscious during the operation (Lanfranco, et al. 2004). Although there are several ethical issues that arise from such technological developments, the fact that human surgeons guide the robots may help solve the issue. The surgeon can follow through the whole experiment with the assistance of cameras attached to the hands of the...
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...Corporate Communications II Architectural Communication IMUK 5 Sabrina Felk | Alicia Hunter | Christine Mangold | Daniela Reh Corporate Communications II – IMUK 5 - 04.12.2012 Sabrina Felk | Alicia Hunter | Christine Mangold | Daniela Reh Table of Content 1. What is Architectural Communication? ....................................................... 2 1.1 Communicative Messages .......................................................................... 2 1.2 How Architectural Psychology affects our human body ............................. 2 2. Short excurse: Corporate Architecture ........................................................ 3 3. Analysis ...................................................................................................... 4 3.1 Image of the branch ................................................................................... 4 3.2 HypoVereinsbank Munich .......................................................................... 4 3.3 Deutsche Bank Frankfurt ............................................................................ 6 4. Feng Shui as a design concept ..................................................................... 8 4.1 Definition .........................
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...Drug use has reached an all-time high in the sports arena. The need to succeed, be among the elite, financial gain, and the pressure to win are some of the many reasons that drugs are found in sports today. Drugs in sports range from therapeutic drugs, performance enhancement drugs, and recreational drugs. Drugs in sports are found on various levels of competition such as: high school, college, and professional sports. High school athletes' are using enhancement drugs so that they may receive a college scholarship, collegiate athletes' are using drugs so that they make it to the professional level, and professional athletes' are using drugs to make sure that they stay among the elite. Drug use in athletics have led to suspensions of players, athletes being banned from that particular sport, and ultimately death. There are many reasons for using drugs in sports, with performance enhancement being one of the top reasons, but no one will ever understand why athletes risk their career and lives. A concern for the public is the fact that athletes assume these risks just to be among the top competitors of sports. Drugs are a danger to the health of athletes. Drug use to enhance performance is unethical, and using drugs is illegal in today's society. Drugs in sports is unethical because the focus of winning and succeeding overshadows the real reasons for playing sports such as the love for a sport, natural talent and ability, and hard work to be among the elite. Athletes are thinking...
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