...Jay Gatsby is a relevant character today, in 2015, as he was a relevant character in 2002 at the time of Cohen’s writing in the NY Times. In 2002, a lot of things were happening that made the American dream seem toppled. Kmart, then a large retailer, became the largest retailer to declare Chapter 11 bankruptcy. Also declaring Chapter 11 bankruptcy that year were WorldCom and United Airlines. The former Chief Financial Officer of Enron is indicted on several counts of money laundering, conspiracy, and wire fraud, among other charges (The People History, 2004). A lot of big money bombed in 2002, some of which were illegally gotten in the first place (Enron), and this reflects in Jay Gatsby – illegally gotten wealth that eventually bombs when Gatsby dies. But it is not so much the “ill-gotten gain” that makes Gatsby suffer as it is the disillusionment with what society valued up until the end of the first world war, when Gatsby got out of uniform and got into money. Up until the end of the first world war (1918), society was all about its old money and aristocracy, whatever leftover Victorian values there were, and the elegance and refinement that supposedly came with the generations of old money. And the new money that Jay Gatsby has does not put him in the same social class as the rest of the old money people, even though he has just as much (if not more) money than they do. They look down their nose at him for having “new” money, and find him to be gaudy, garish...
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...Description When people see some new idea or product and wonder if they should adopt it, evidence of others enjoying and having fun is highly influential. Numbers are important for the bandwagon effect to take hold. If we see three people on the bandwagon and know that hundreds have not joined, then the reverse effect will take place and we will be loathe to join. If, on the other hand, we see the wagon nearly full with lots of people we know or admire, then we will desperately try to grab the 'final' places. Once bandwagons have enough participants they are often self-sustaining and people get on board for social rather than ideological reasons. Bandwagons often have limited lifetimes and eventually run out of steam. People will quickly abandon the 'sinking ship' if they see others leaving. Example A company releases a new product and shows adverts with a big group of people having a good time using the product. A political party holds a rousing rally, with music, speeches and much cheering. Those who go are encouraged to 'keep the faith' and 'bring others on board' and otherwise keep the bandwagon going. Discussion Building the early bandwagon may require ideological appeals, but then when we see desirable others in a group we feel the pull of social proof and seek to join in. A deeper need that drives the bandwagon effect is the need to belong. When we see a desirable group, we want to join in. Expectations and promise are important in the assumption of being a 'winner'...
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...When the consumer first looks at this ad they might think that it will only be about just being men and making humor out of women and cigarettes. This ad goes into a deeper perspective and into a controversial topic about smoking and having a rich thin women. In this attached 1970s ad for Silva Thins it displays a pack of “Thin and Rich” cigarettes and in the background there is a man and women smoking a Thin and Rich cigarette. This ad was made by the cigarettes company Silva, and their purpose was to grab the attention of smoker’s worldwide and make them think that by purchasing this you will living the glamourous life. How the attention is grabbed from the ad by using techniques such as transfer, snob appeal, and logos. The biggest thing that puts emphasis on the ad is the big bolded text which says, “Cigarettes are like women. The best ones are thin and rich.” Also, below the text Silva...
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...Begging the Question: This fallacy consists of assuming in a definition or in the premises of your argument the very point you are trying to prove. This is also called Circular Reasoning. Ex. I hate Mr. Scrooge’s class because I’m never happy in there. • “I hate Mr. Scrooge’s class because I’m never happy in there.” • It fits improper appeal to emotion because the student hates the class because the student is never happy in there. • I would revise this item so it would no longer be improper appeal to emotion by changing the example to I like Mr. Scrooge’s class because he makes me laugh. • Laughing would make someone happy and like the situation. Oversimplification: (Dicto Simplicter) This fallacy consists of trying to reduce a more...
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...The unlimited variety of goods is offered to consumers in a modern world. But how a buyer makes the choice in a modern market flooded with products and services of all kinds? What are the motivations, motives and other factors which affect his or her con- sumer behaviour? These questions remain the most important for everyone engaged in trading relationships and are crucial in marketing of products and advertisement design spheres. The thesis work is aimed to study consumer‟s choice motivations for a branch of products in a limited area of research. Author focuses her study on a particular type of goods, affordable luxury products, and motivations of a target consumer group to buy it. Such limitation is considered adequate, as it allows us to study subject thoroughly, using smaller sample size of respondents and draw conclusions that can be used as a base for further researches. Respondents‟ group is formed by the luxury products‟ consumers. They are divided into two groups, the introverts and the extroverts, using test type questionnaire, based on Carl Jung‟s personality theory. The aim of the study is to find out a relationship between introverted and extroverted types of personality and motivations for status consumption of affordable luxury goods. The research questions are: “Does a personality trait affect motivations for consumption of luxury goods?”, “Which motives are typical for a certain type of personality?” The study brings together researches on status consumption...
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...Text Mr. Botton proves his case by phrase some arguments. He starts the text with a contention by saying, that career crises aren’t a personal problem.” I think that we live in an age when our lives are regularly punctuated by career crises” Botton proclaims. The things we thought that we knew about ourselves suddenly in an imaginable was become a sort of reality to us. By reflecting over some thoughts he can conclude that we are surrounded by snobs. This is maybe why we have this so-called career crises and career anxiety. The “snob phenomenon” doesn’t depend on where on the country you come from, but it is more like a global disease so to say. Here Mr. Botton again come with a sort of conclusion” A snob is anybody who takes a small part of you and uses that to come to a complete vision of who you are. That is snobbery”. This snobbery often appears on jobs these days. It is so important to have the right job, to earn a nice sum of money and telling about it if anybody asks so you don’t get the cold shoulder. The opposite of a snob is someone who doesn’t care about your achievements. This could be your partner or your mother - someone who respects you without putting you in the social hierarchy. The time we live in is filled with people who love material goods. But this is not the reason why we care so much about our careers. Mr. Botton thinks that it is the reward for having the material fabulous things we want. People wants acknowledgement, not someone who is talking bad...
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...whilst poppy is a flower rather than a season, it is a name taken for a similar desire to suggest something about your child’s nature. You have contradicted yourself without even knowing it which proves you are a hypocrite. Do you really think a child should suffer your judgement because of their name chosen by their parents? Surely you should be judging the parent not the child. As a matter of fact you shouldn’t be judging anybody! You think that children should only be friends with those who will ensure they’re an academic inspiration. ‘Children who chose less successful friends ended up not doing as well.’ This is a shallow approach, you only appear to want your children to associate with snobs because you are one and you’re in danger of turning your children into snobs too. You go on to state that private schools are more suitable for high achieving children as they can associate with similar children. ‘I was educated privately- at a Catholic girls school, so I am actually aware of the benefits of meeting children from like-minded, high achieving families.’ Just because you...
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...Q-1: a) Production Possibilities Frontier (PPF) is a curve showing how much two or more goods can be produced by limited resources available. According to (Riley, 2012) "(PPF) is a curve or a boundary which shows the combinations of two or more goods and services that can be produced whilst using all of the available factor resources efficiently". Following diagram shows Production Possibility Frontier: C A Output of good Y B Output of good X b) The PPF curve is bowed out from origin because when the company allocate more recourses to produce good Y, they reduce the same resources from the production of good X. The amount of resources forgone from X to produce good Y is called opportunity cost. When the extra output that will get from allocating more recourses to good Y may fall this is known as diminishing return. This sometimes happen because all factor inputs are not equally suited to produce all goods. However when the opportunity cost of producing two goods are constant the PPF curve will be a straight line. Following diagram shows straight line PPF curve. Output of good Y 200 Y 160 X 60 90 Output of Good X c) Opportunity cost is the next best value forgone in order to make a decision. According to (Wilkinson...
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...Can one experience alter a person´s view on human equality? According to the successful and prominent author Michael Faber it can. In 2006 he wrote a personal essay named “Me and Dave and Mount Olympus”, in which he depicts a specific and life-changing incident with a homeless person, which changed many aspects of his own life. Until the meeting in the homeless shelter, Michael Faber is in an ivory tower and sees himself as “on top of Mount Olympus” looking down on the human race. His arrogance disappears after the intense meeting, where Michael Faber discovers, that both of them are equals in the eyes of the universe. Michael Faber´s reliability is strengthened by the fact that this is an authentic story, and he really did become a famous author later on in life. He can use the story as a foundation for his claims. Michael Faber´s main claim is to enlighten the readers and perhaps persuade and encourage the readers to review how they look at other human beings. It explains through intelligent language and use of metaphors, how his animalistic meeting with a bum named Dave taught him that everyone is equal. Even though “Me and Dave and Mount Olympus” is a personal essay, it still has the classic home-away-home structure. We hear about his life before, during and after his encounter with Dave. The reason why we hear about Michael Faber´s life before and after the incident is, because we need to get to know him in order to understand his mentality and his situation. Back in...
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...her statistics as well has her tone contributing to the overall successful argument. Shrader-Frechette speaks in a matter-of-fact tone that I would actually consider a fallacy within itself. Since Shrader-Frechette is so fluent and lofty, this is a snob appeal that appeals to the readers’ desire to be more intelligent and well-rounded. As Shrader-Frechette uses statistics to explain her point, her overall character portrays a more intellectual person because she knows these little details. Also, her diction, or word choice, depicts a more factual and knowledgeable tone. The use of words such as “proliferation” as well as her knowledge of the “Swedish Nobel Prize winner” shows her intelligence which makes the reader more fascinated by Shrader-Frechett’s argument in a subconscious use of snob appeal (235). Since she uses such a matter-of-fact tone in her argument, the reader is more susceptible to accepting the argument in order to be identified with Shrader-Frechette who seems to be very intelligent. Shrader-Frechette has very few fallacies in her argument, but the ones she uses, unless they are spotted, make the argument seem even more successful to the reader. First, she employs a lot of inappropriate appeals such as snob appeal and the bandwagon approach. Shrader-Frechette attempts to persuade the reader to accept her assertion because “both experts and the...
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...not trust himself, and it shows up in many ways. Some people brag to call attention to themselves, causing others to believe that the egoistic person has a lot of self-respect. Very often though, egotism can be an attempt to cover up insecurity in a person who does not feel they will be good enough without it (Gelinas, Emotions 36). Bragging about one’s achievements, material possessions, or achievements reveals a sense of inferiority. Even though one may brag their whole lives, they never reach a sense of well being. This is caused by fixation, which is when a person does not grow emotionally after a certain point (Gelinas, Emotions 64). A person that brags a great deal may also be considered a snob. A snob may not act as a braggart for the same reasons egoistic people do, for what snobs do is act so that they end up isolating themselves. They do this to avoid the trouble of friends, responsibilities, and emotional relationships by giving a snobbish attitude to the people who put up with these things (Gelinas, Emotions 45). Another sign of insecurity is envy. One often envies another to hide a lack of trust in themselves. They envy others accomplishments because they don’t think they themselves can achieve those accomplishments (Milios 39). Many factors influence anger. Most anger is caused by a situation that makes one feel uncomfortable (Licata 14). This uncomfortable feeling could also be described as feeling threatened. Feeling threatened could lead to angry feelings because...
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...made legislature’s vote, but as the years passed by, all of the states except South Carolina were electing president using the voice of the people, in 1836 (Doc.A). Before and after Andrew Jackson became president the voting system has been changing which makes him democratic. If he wasn’t democratic then he would not allow the electing of presidential electoral be by people’s choices after he became president in 1829. in addition, Jackson wanted all white man to rule not only the wealthy. He said, “The people shall rule!” “Jackson’s victory accelerates the transfer of national power from the country house to the farmhouse from the east to the west, from the snobs to mobs” (Doc. B).In this quote, the snobs are the wealthy people and the mobs are the common man. Before he changed it, only the wealthy could rule or only the snobs, but since Jackson grew up poor, he wanted the poor to have a chance to rule too. So he changed the rule to all white man can rule. He allowed the people to rule. Furthermore, Andrew Jackson was democratic because he helped people have a chance to be a part of the government and helped the Native Americans. In 1829, when Jackson wrote a letter to congress, he said: “ I submit, therefore, to your consideration whether the efficiency of the government would not be promoted... and integrity better secured by a general extension of the law which limits appointments for 4 years” (doc. F). this letter that Jackson wrote to Congress is about him asking the Congress...
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...debate so muddled that it is almost too easy to become lost in the mires of densely thick hypotheses and terminologies; I am, of course, referring to the debate of the culture omnivore. On the most basic level, the culture omnivore is a member of society whom indiscriminately devours a variety of music, art forms, mass media, and more; however, for this brief overview we will focus on the musical omnivore, one whose palate seems insatiable for a wide breadth of genres, from pop to classical to opera to folk. As positively open-minded as this seems, the omnivore debate revolves around the notion of upper class, highbrow snobbery being abandoned in favor of the ever-inclusive attitude, or, put bluntly, it is no longer in vogue to be a musical snob. Inasmuch, Koen van Eijk and John Lievens delve into the omnivore debate head-on. The combination of van Eijk’s background in cultural studies...
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...prices go upward, other variable factors constant. To understand the demand and price relation economists refer demand as schedule of quantities of commodity people want to buy at various prices, other factors constant (Colander, Rockerbie, & Richter, 2006, p.73). Whereas quantity demand is referred as demand of goods at certain price in the demand curve. Ursinus College in Pennsylvania in the year 2000 increased their tuition fee 17.6% to $23,460 in order to increase college revenue and funds to support financial aid which also in turn increased their admissions (Brickley, Smith, & Zimmerman, 2009, p.110). The conjecture of college president is increase in demand is against the law of the demand because of college going student’s snob mentality and their comparison of quality with respect to price. He speculated student’s presumption of costly colleges will have better quality education compared to cheap colleges so demand for their admissions increased. Soon after Ursinus College doing well with their strategy many other colleges increased their tuition fee according to the demand curve it fetched them more admissions as it did in Ursinus college case. But North Carolina Wesleyan thought the actual demand was increased due to shift in demand by variable factors such as...
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...Introduction According to the U.S. Department of Labor, unemployment rates have increased to 7.9 percent. The unemployment rate can be defined as the number of people actively looking for a job as to the percentage of the labor force. Although statistics show an increase has occurred, there has also been an increase in higher education jobs. Higher education growth has been steady, stable and greater than overall U.S. jobs. The market share of higher education jobs compared to all U.S. jobs continued to increase and a trend has persisted for several years. Individuals who complete educational programs possess the qualities employers are seeking. These strong qualities include the willingness to learn, initiative, and organizational abilities. By pursuing a high level of education that is consistent with the interests and abilities, the career goals are likely to be reached. Statement of the problem Can having a higher education offer you more job opportunities? Is higher education a promise to less risk of unemployment? Are there clear indications that there’s a relationship between higher education and lower unemployment rates? Objectives 1. The underlying question to be answered is to determine if higher education promises less risk of unemployment? Hypothesis Null Hypothesis- The risk of unemployment is not affected by higher education Alternative Hypothesis- Higher education affects the risk of unemployment Methods We are planning to test correlation on...
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