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Social Justice

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However, I do not quite agree with this. Development does not always lead to social justice and good governance. By achieving remarkable economic development, other issues like social justice and equality have led to negative social outcomes in autocratic states like China, Vietnam, and Rwanda. In these countries, social activists are imprisoned, government opponents are persecuted or forced into silence, press freedom does not exist and civil society is limited in any of their operation or forced to become a government body (Abuza, 2001; Brook & Frolic, 1997; Easterly, Gatti, & Kurlat, 2006). In China, autocrats have blocked most of the interactive and information sharing websites, including Facebook, You Tube, Twitter, Google, Blogspot and …show more content…
The Falun Gong movement was oppressed in 1999 in China resulting in the severe police brutality against Falun Gong practitioners (Ching, 2001; Ownby, 2008). Other countries like Vietnam and Rwanda face similar issues with many cases of violence, torture, imprisonment and police brutality reported (BBC, 2010; Davenport & Stam, 2009). All these countries are always in the top list of ODA recipient countries, so is it the case that donors do not know about their political context or there other reasons? The other factor that makes me disagree with the opinion “development first, democracy later” is that development may not lead to positive but very negative consequences to recipient countries, such as social and political corruption. Government leaders may find all the way to protect their economic benefits and avoid democracy and democratisation as analysed Anna Lekvall in her book “Development first, Democracy later?” (Lekvall, 2013). In the UN’s Corruption Index, top ODA recipient countries whose regimes are non-democratic, such as China, Vietnam, Kenya and Nigeria are always among the worst (Fisman & Miguel, 2007; TransparencyInternational, …show more content…
This can be proved with two facts that, first almost all developed countries are democratic states, and second, democratic states outperform non-democratic states in all indicators of economic and social well-being (Lekvall, 2013). A panel data survey from 1960 to 2006 showed that poor democracies grew as rapidly as poor autocracies in economic sphere. In social sphere, the quality of life of poor democracies was much better than that of poor autocracies. People in poor democracies lived nine years longer, and had more 40 per cent of attending school than citizens in poor autocracies (Easterly, Ritzen, & Woolcock, 2006). As observed by Amartya Sen, democratic states have not faced famines because democratic leaders cared for their citizens’ rights and basic needs, while in some other parts of the world, widespread famines stroke as a consequence of the neglect of autocrats (Sen, 2001). As researched by Daniel Kaufman and William Easterly, there were special correlations between accountability and high levels of income, and between accountability and service delivery (Kaufmann & Kraay, 2002; Ritzen, Easterly, & Woolcock, 2000). In most democratic states, democratic politics have made beneficial conditions for citizens to work and generate incomes and access qualified services. Democratic elections induce governments to implement

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