...Concept of the self in the social world Name: Course: Tutor: Date: Concept of the self is a system of the individual representations about himself; realized part of the personality; the image of the self. (Sedikides, 2007) The formation of the self is influenced by a range of factors, which are the self-concept, self-esteem, social self and self-knowledge. In particular, the body, abilities, social relations and many other personal manifestations can be the subject of self-perception and self-esteem of the individual. Based on the self-concept, the individual builds interaction with others and with himself. Therefore, the formation of an adequate self-concept, and self-awareness as a whole, is an important condition of education of conscious member of society. The concept of the self was created in 1950 by Maslow and Rogers in branch of the phenomenological and humanistic psychology, and it was considered as the integrity human self, as a fundamental factor of behavior and development of personality. (Sedikides, 2007) Often the term is used as a synonym for self-awareness, but the self-concept is less neutral, it includes an evaluative aspect of self-awareness. In essence, the self-concept does not define just what an individual is, but also what he thinks of himself as looking at his active principle and development opportunities in the future. Throughout adulthood, the self-concept of man simultaneously seeks to preserve the continuity and but...
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...Social media and Self-esteem Anh Phung Abstract In this day and age, social media has become an integral part of our lives. It has created a platform for people to share information instantly and communicate with people all around the world. Facebook is the most outstanding example of successful social media network. According to the first quarter 2015 earnings announcement by Facebook, the site has achieved 1.44 billion active users per month, and 65% of which are daily active users. Other social networking sites such as Twitter, Instagram and LinkedIn are also a powerful means of communication. With such a large audience, social networking sites provide ample opportunities to acquire information, network, and connect with friends. Besides from the obvious benefits that social media brings to our lives, there are some other effects that it has on its users’ wellbeing. This paper examines how people’s tendency when using social networking sites affects their level of self-esteem. Introduction The introduction of social media has revolutionized the way people interact, since social interactions can now take place anywhere that has Internet coverage. Thanks to social media, people no longer need to meet face-to-face in order to know how another person is doing. Social networking sites serve as a place for users to share information about themselves, from the simplest things like what they have for dinner and who they hang out with, to more personal things like their thoughts...
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...Social Psychology and the Self Cynthia Durham Social Psychology/400 University of Phoenix “Social psychology is a science that studies the influences of our situations, with special attention to how we view and affect one another. More precisely, it is the scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another. Social psychology lies at psychology’s boundary with sociology. Compared with sociology (the study of people in groups of societies), social psychology focuses more on individuals and uses more experimentation. Compared with personality psychology, social psychology focuses less on individuals and uses more experimentation. Compared with personality psychology, social psychology focuses less on individuals’ differences and more on how individuals, in general, view and affect one another Sociology is the study of people in society. Social psychology is all about your life, beliefs, attitudes, and relationships. (Myers, D. 2010)” “The discipline of Social psychology is that it uses scientific methods that an individual can understand and explain how the thought, behavior and feelings are influenced by the actual, imagines or implied presence of other beings. Social psychology extends a wide range of social topics, including but not limited to social groups, social perception and social interaction are also vital to understanding social behavior. Social psychology is also closely related to three other discipline; sociology, personality...
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...us to cope with social interactions successfully we need to be able to understand and predict how other people are feeling and what they are thinking. The research into social cognition in children focusses on how they think about their social world and how they build relationships/interact with others. Developmental psychologists believe that a sense of self develops at around 18 months and is the starting point when children begin to understand others, they also comment that in order for children to understand others first they must have an understanding of their self. Lewis and Brook-Gunn 1979 conducted a study on a group of mothers and their babies, aged 9-24 months. The aim of the experiment was to see what age a baby recognised itself in the mirror. The babies were placed in front of a mirror and observed to see how they reacted, then the mother would remove the baby and wipe their nose with red blusher (the mother would wipe the baby's face in a way that the baby would just think the mother was cleaning dirt off its face.) The baby was then placed back in front of the mirror and observed again. They found that babies under 15 months tended not to recognise the baby in the mirror as themselves, they may have found the reflection similar but there was no difference in reaction when they saw the red spot on their nose. By 21 months though the babies were actively trying to wipe the red mark off their face, this shows a heightened sense of self awareness compared...
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...must know their own interest, strengths, weaknesses, goals and remain focused from the manipulation of the perspectives of others. Depending on what you decide can lead you on a road to success or failure, but it is the most crucial and important. Starting from your hygiene, eating habits, school, work, keeping your body in shape to just simple hobbies may have a big impact on your life's longevity and social aspect. The first step in building good personal responsibility, is by first realizing the flaws and mistakes that you have made, because although it is not an addiction we tend to create bad habits. From our early school years up until your set in your career we must have a schedule to keep us on track and at the same time develop self confidence and motivation to better our selves. Creating a physical work out routine will not only maintain your physical shape, but also provides more energy to the body acquiring more self motivation to keep active. Also while exercising your relieving stress from the body and the brain, establishing more space for knowledge and social view point, therefore, make it is easier to become more educated.When we think about how personal responsibility can be related to education we acknowledge that in order to succeed as a student one must form schedules to study and listen to the advice given to us by our teachers, hard work pays off. As a student eager to succeed in high school as well as college must know that asking for help when in doubt...
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...This article was downloaded by: [Lahore University of Management Sciences] On: 02 May 2015, At: 09:58 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rana20 Understanding the influence of interpersonal relationships on identity and tourism travel Julia F. Hibbert a b a , Janet E. Dickinson & Susanna Curtin a a School of Tourism, Bournemouth University , Fern Barrow, Poole , BH12 5BB , United Kingdom b School of Business and Economics, Linnaeus University , Kalmar , Sweden Published online: 25 Jan 2013. To cite this article: Julia F. Hibbert , Janet E. Dickinson & Susanna Curtin (2013) Understanding the influence of interpersonal relationships on identity and tourism travel, Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 24:1, 30-39, DOI: 10.1080/13032917.2012.762313 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2012.762313 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness...
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...The third theory have been used is The Self and Symbolic Consumption. Hellerich et al.(1998) states that endeavoring to create the self in contemporary society is inseparable from consumption, which is central to the meaningful practice of our everyday life (Wattanasuwan 2005). However, The Self and Symbolic Consumption theory is focus on the concept that we employ consumption not only to create and sustain the self but also to locate us in society (Elliott 1994 et al, cited in Wattanasuwan 2005). There have two main purposes to consumption of products, activities or beliefs, the first one is to satisfy ours needs, whereas the second one is to carry out out “self-creation project” in a saturated world (Wattanasuwan 2005). “Self-creation project” means that we desire for a sense of meaningfulness in our pursuit of “being” in order to feel “alive” in this world (Gergen 1991,cited in Wattanasuwan 2005). We can symbolically acquire it from our everyday consumption and to bridge the intermediate state between our selves and others in society. Therefore, in relation to our advertisement, a woman desires to have a beautiful and formal coloured hair within a limited time for a ball. Kao Kiese not only satisfy anyone whose demand to have a colour hair within a limited time, but also provide symbolism that a beauty image for female in a special occasion. Brown 1995 et al argue that so as to seduce consumers in a marketing campaign, the more those signs and images are detached from their...
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...M. Washington OMM 612: Managing in Social Change Experiencing Work as a Meaningful Activity Dr. L. Flegle December 2, 2012 Experiencing Work as a Meaningful Activity Why do people work? A person may work for various reasons. For some work is fun and full of meaning. For others there may be instances where work is viewed as a burden or an end to a means. When there is a lack of satisfaction, work will not be fun, fulfilling or meaningful. As stated by Harper and Leicht (2011), work is never experienced as a neutral activity. However, according to Budd ((2011), work can be viewed as intrinsically rewarding and not just as a source of income. When individuals have the tools to seek and achieve work as a personal fulfillment, we can better understand how people view and experience work as a rich and meaningful activity. There are no people in my immediate circle of friends and co-workers who view work as a meaningful activity. The most common reason people work is to support a lifestyle. A person works in order to provide for themselves as well as their family with the basic essentials (shelter, clothing, and food). According to Harper and Leicht (2011), a question that often gets asked is whether or not the American economy can make jobs available that allow employees to afford a middle-class lifestyle and the consumer components of the American dream. The recent recession that the American economy has faced adds to the doubt. More people are being laid off...
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...literature can be ethically revealing is worth defending. At some level a great work of literature represents a form of human existence, to which we may respond as human beings. That there is a moral dimension to human existence I assume. Hence, it seems clear that literature may represent that dimension. Robert Bolt’s 1960 play can serve as an instance of how literature can stimulate ethical reflection. And, at the same time, it is not the kind of text where ethical themes are only marginally present; to the contrary, they are quite central and accessible. In this paper, my goal is to illustrate the potential of literature to stimulate ethical reflection by analyzing Bolt’s play. I will focus for the most part on three ethical themes: self and society, moral heroism,...
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...My skin controls me. It contains and constrains me, protects and projects me. It is a living coat spread out all over me without beginning or end. Seamless. Only through it can I feel and process the world. And it is through this coating that the world sees me. It is the screen on which social messages are displayed, thoughts are reflected. My skin controls me: dictating much of what I do. I guzzle water and nibble on nuts apply potions and lotions, don helmets and hats: All at the behest of my skin. Drinking too much, sleeping too little, lying too long in the sun and I am compelled to feel guilty. Connor says ‘the skin is not a part of the body’ (Connor 2002, 4) and indeed, my skin is like a domineering despot. It petulantly exposes my neglect by painting dark circles under my eyes, smudging the glow and scattering blemishes. It is the reflection of my soul, separate but inseparable from myself - my ‘body’s twin’ (Connor 2002, 5). It is this ‘twin’ (Connor 2002, 5) or my ‘immaterial, ideal, ecstatic’ (Connor 2002. 5) imagining of my skin that constitutes what Cooley described as a ‘looking glass self’. (described by Coser 1997) This concept states that ‘an individual’s self-conception result(s) from assimilating the judgments of their significant others’ (discussed by Mikala, 2012). What we see in this mirror is not our carefully considered actions and the complex thought process that leads us to take them; We only see this ‘shadow’ (Connor 2002, 5) which becomes...
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...(Wikipedia). Introspection tends to be the evidence one receives about their self as they look to their own thoughts and feelings, and adding an illusion to this mix adds a misty fog that people look through as they look inward. In this paper I will attempt to show how Introspection Illusion affects us not only in our day to day lives, but how it can also have a major impact on our financial decisions. Introspection Illusion was first defined by Emily Pronin. She observed how people viewed their selves and how aware they were of their motives, thoughts and feelings. This awareness, however, is often weak and unreliable. Eric Schwitzgebel argues this case by stating that “introspection is unreliable in the sense that we are prone to ignorance and error in making introspective judgments about our own conscious experience,” (Smithies). In this sense, our inner motives, thoughts and feelings are strictly biased based on our limited understanding of the world surrounding and with little thought to the personal introspections of others around us. So why then do we rely so much on our introspection? Pronin claims that it is because they are intimate and comfortable, which makes it easy and safe to believe in the classic statement of “I think therefore I am.” Believing hard enough in something about your self makes it easy to believe it is actually true. When people rely on this hazy self-perception and self-belief, it often gives a sense of overconfidence and superiority over our peers...
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...Discoveries can often mean people need to change their views and create new understandings of the wider world around them. The Documentary GBTWYCF directed by Ivan O'Mahoey is one such documentary in which is able to manipulate not only the audience but participants as well. This uncut 'Social Experiment' is able to highlight these Facts which challenge their sense of self as well as their ethics and morals. The memoirs 'A Doctors War' written by Dr Rowley Richards explores a similar version of discovery when a young man is faced to live in a Japanese prisoner of war camp or die. This decision has a profound impact on both the reader and the protagonist. Both Richards and O'Mahoey use a vast amount of Documentary and literary techniques to show how discoveries will quite often mean that an individual will have to change their perspective and create a new understanding of the world in which they live in. An over whelming experience can be a catalyst for an individual to discover a previously unknown inner-strength as evident in GBTWYCF. Adam a 26 year old life guard from Cronulla who openly admit to his hatred towards Asylum-seekers. “ we should send them all back”. Adan can be seen as a very strong individual with quite firm beliefs at the beginning of the series. The viewer clearly understands Adams view point and is able to stereotype type him. However once adam visits the Villa Wood detention centre, Adams firm believes are shattered. A visual change can be observed with...
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...Who am I?: self and other As the former Archbishop of South Africa, Desmond Tutu once said, “a person is a person through other persons.” This statement alludes to the fact that belonging is critical to our sense of self as a person; often we define ourselves through the quality of these relationships. Likewise an Age columnist, Ross Gittins reminds us, “we are, above all, social animals.” After we have secured our physical survival, the most important thing in each of our lives is our relationships: with friends, neighbours, workmates and, above all, with our families”. Author and social commentator Hugh Mackay states, “we are defined more by our interdependence than our independence”. Also, “we are individuals with a strong sense of our independent personal identity and we are members of families, groups and communities with an equally strong sense of social identity, fed by our intense desire to belong.” Likewise, Dr Michael Schluter, an important social thinker and founder of Britain’s Relationships Foundation draws attention to the fundamental importance of relationships in our lives and its role in securing our wellbeing. As Ross Gittins also asks, “take away all our relationships and who would have much reason to keep living?” Because we are social animals, we gravitate towards groups that become instrumental in shaping our views and values, our attitudes and behaviour. Frequently, we find ourselves conforming to the dominant views and values of the group...
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...freedom, which is only found in Christ. Introduction Religion and psychology have often been viewed as incompatible. However, Christian counseling attempts to integrate the two in a meaningful fashion, so that clients are healed from their personal traumas while they become spiritually reborn in their connection to Christ. According to Dr. Neil T. Anderson's (2003) Discipleship counseling, God is the unspoken presence within every counseling relationship. The counselor does not have to consciously and constantly invoke God, and may choose not to do so because of the immediate needs or personality of the patient. But the sense that there is a higher power that is bigger than the self is always present. The therapist must realize that he or she is not God and do the work of the creator; he is merely a facilitator, she is merely a guide (Anderson 2003: 98). Through an integrated approach to religion and counseling, the client can let go of past bitterness, heal ancestral relationships, and become a new person in Christ. Integrating theology and psychology Anderson likens the human psyche to a computer that has been designed to be used in a particular way by its creators. God created human beings to...
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...behavior an individual would exhibit in this stage of developmentEx. Individual would stay up late to help a friend with a project because they wanted to help their friend succeed.(1.5 points each) | Impulsive | Child, young adult can lead to adulthood in some | This stage is characterized by bodily feelings and dependency. Manifestations of reactions to reward, restraint or punishment are all part of this stage. | Ex: Individual is sexually curious and is touching themselves inappropriately. | Self-protected | Child, Young adult and adult | During this stage, the first elements of self control are demonstrated. Manipulation and wariness also can emerge at this stage. Reward and punishment can be already noted during this stage. This also translates into the person putting blame on another. | Ex: There is writing on the wall of the house, the person whom did it states it must have been such and such. | Conformist | Child | Approval seeking is exhibited during this stage. Social acceptance and physical appearance are considered valuable during this phase. | Ex: Sally and all her group of friends all wear the same thing and sit at the same lunch table. | Conscientious-conformist | adult | Approval seeking becomes less important. One’s own processes and mind come to awareness here. This includes an awareness of values and personal feelings. | Ex: The individual is brought into a group discussion and he listens to everyone’s point of view and takes all into consideration before...
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