...Danaë Brandt Reversals in Angela Carter’s “The Tiger Bride” The Tiger’s Bride is a modern reworking of the classic Beauty and the Beast tale in Angela Carter’s The Bloody Chamber. Carter takes a keen interest in the psychology and underlying dark themes contained in these children aimed tales. In The Tiger’s Bride, the story is told through Beauty’s point of view. A previously unexplored side, where the reader can understand the emotional journey Beauty goes through, how she sees the Beast, and how she sees herself. Carter aimed to bring out the sexual repression of women juxtaposed with animalistic desires. How does Angela Carter transform the classic Beauty and the Beast Tale all the while maintaining its essence? She dismantles Beauty’s mental process during her predicament. She discovers her animal nature as she reaches an age of sexual awakening, foreshadowed by the stained white rose, symbol of purity tainted by blood; and is in fact, the one that undergoes the biggest transformation as the story unfolds. In this tale, Beauty had been sold to a Beast wearing a human mask. Her father lost her in a game of cards, along with all of his fortune. As with most versions, the mother figure is absent and the daughter is forced to obey her father’s orders, although it is his mistake. She is bound by an honour code to go along with whatever the men in her life have decided for her. This is a common thread with the widely known tales of Beauty and the Beast by...
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...BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSYTEM LOSS An ecosystem is defined as ‘a biological community interacting organisms and their physical environment’ Source: Oxford dictionary – http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/ecosystem While by definition, biodiversity includes all living organisms (wild or domesticated) and the habitats (natural or man-made) within which they occur. Furthermore, the components of biodiversity are not independent because the patterns in nature are a result of interactions between genetic diversity and the environment’. Source: WWF - http://www.worldwildlife.org/bsp/publications/africa/181/Chap_2.html I am reminded of the John Muir quote “When we try to pick out anything by itself, we find it hitched to everything else in the universe.” To me that is how the world is, all interconnected by invisible threads- we never understand the depth of impact when one thread is broken until it is too late. Biodiversity and ecosystems around the world are being threatened at an alarming rate due to several environmental changes and by us humans. As well as the many moral and ethical reasons to preserve it for its own sake, biodiversity and ecosystems bring to us several services and resources such as food, water, pest control, medicines and moreover regulates the world’s climate. As a result of most of our food and necessities coming from these ecosystems, it is essential for the current and future generations that our biodiversity remains intact. Humans must ensure...
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...ecological functioning, including adaptation and extinction. India is a mega-diverse country, one of twelve countries that collectively accounts for 60–70% of the world’s biodiversity. A land of high species richness and endemism as well as of agro-biodiversity, India supports an astounding 8.1% of the world’s biodiversity. India also supports 16% of the world’s human as well as 18% of the world’s cattle population. In fact, an estimated 70% of India’s population is dependent locally on natural ecosystems for subsistence means of livelihood, including fuel, housing, food, water, and security of health. Consequently, the country’s biodiversity faces immense pressures. Poverty, lack of sustainable alternative livelihoods and absence of financial , social incentives for resource dependent communities, along with lack of integration of biodiversity and livelihood consideration in development planning around biodiversity-rich areas, have been identified as some of the root causes of threats to biodiversity. Biodiversity, as measured by the numbers of plant and vertebrate species is greatest in the Western Ghats and the northeast. This is because of the presence of tropical rainforests that are typically the richest habitats for species diversity. Both these areas are included in the world’s list of hotspots of biodiversity. The main responsibility for conservation of biodiversity in India, including wildlife, lies with the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) headed by the environment...
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...The history of Wildlife Conservation Society research in India began in the 1960's - with the first-ever scientific study of wild tigers in central India by George Schaller. Henceforth, following a break of two decades, Ullas Karanth accelerated the present WCS-India program as a single tiger research project at Nagarhole in the year 1986. Ever since, WCS-India has developed into a comprehensive collection of activities that revolve around major global conservation strategies of WCS - scientific research, national capacity building, site-based conservation and developing new models of wildlife conservation. Acting synchronously, all these initiatives have contributed significantly to wildlife conservation in India and rest of the world during the last three decades. Wildlife Conservation Society India Program India is a mega-diversity country that is distinctly rich in vertebrate fauna. This is a result of its distinct biosphere, and, evolutionary and social histories it has faunal elements from the Indo-Malayan, Afro-tropical and palearctic regions. India boasts of about 500 species of mammal, 2000 types of Bird and at least 30,000 kinds of insects, providing an unmatched range and diversity. Book a Wildlife Tour India has an age old culture that considers human as a part of nature rather than as its masters; that displays a higher degree of equitableness for other life forms in contrast to any other part of the world. Partly as a result - and partly due to India's colonial...
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...The Bengal Tiger Introduction Perhaps there is no more famous of a Bengal tiger (Panthera Tigris Tigris) than Rudyard Kipling’s Shere Khan. Known as the dominant and feared antagonist in The Jungle Book that was to be not only feared, but respected throughout the entire jungle. Although it’s habitat is in India, the Bengal tiger has commanded so much respect that even an American professional football team’s logo uses the Bengal as their official mascot (Cincinnati Bengals). The problem is that perhaps that respect has dwindled since the time of The Jungle Book and the inception of the Cincinnati Bengals in 1966. While there are on-going efforts to save this incredible big cat, their status is still listed as Endangered. Habitat and Characteristics Bengal tigers (also known as Royal Bengal tiger or Indian tigers) are commonly found in the subcontinent of India and in dense forests, mangrove swamps, and jungles throughout the subcontinent and in some areas in China and Nepal. While most are orange, black, and white, there are some Bengal tigers that are reported to have an all white coloration (animalplanet.com) and they are only known species of tiger to be all white. Average length for these special tigers at around 10 feet. While it is considered to be the second largest tiger in the world (Siberian or Amur tiger is larger), it is sometimes claimed to be the largest tiger on average (a-z-animals.com). Although they weigh between 300-600 pounds and with an average weight...
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...TIGERS The tiger (Panthera tigris) is the largest cat species, reaching a total body length of up to 3.38 m (11.1 ft) over curves and weighing up to 388.7 kg (857 lb) in the wild. Its most recognisable feature is a pattern of dark vertical stripes on reddish-orange fur with a lighter underside. The species is classified in the genus Panthera with the lion, leopard, jaguar and snow leopard. Tigers are apex predators, primarily preying on ungulates such as deer and bovids. They are territorial and generally solitary but social animals, often requiring large contiguous areas of habitat that support their prey requirements. This, coupled with the fact that they are indigenous to some of the more densely populated places on Earth, has caused significant conflicts with humans. Tigers once ranged widely across Asia, from Turkey in the west to the eastern coast of Russia. Over the past 100 years, they have lost 93% of their historic range, and have been extirpated from southwest and central Asia, from the islands of Java and Bali, and from large areas of Southeast and Eastern Asia. Today, they range from the Siberian taiga to open grasslands and tropical mangrove swamps. The remaining six tiger subspecies have been classified as endangered by IUCN. The global population in the wild is estimated to number between 3,062 and 3,948 individuals, down from around 100,000 at the start of the 20th century, with most remaining populations occurring in small pockets isolated from each...
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...Green infrastructure is an approach that communities can choose to maintain healthy waters, provide multiple environmental benefits and support sustainable communities. Unlike single-purpose gray stormwater infrastructure, which uses pipes to dispose of rainwater, green infrastructure uses vegetation and soil to manage rainwater where it falls. By weaving natural processes into the built environment, green infrastructure provides not only stormwater management, but also flood mitigation, air quality management, and much more. Programmes in green infrastructure Provides information on how you can get involved including ways to protect human health and the environment by raising awareness about potential threats to your drinking water, local rivers, lakes, streams, wetlands, the fish and shellfish you eat, and aquatic ecosystems. Adopt Your Watershed – This program challenges you to serve your community by taking part in activities to protect and restore your local watershed. After the Storm – Weather emergencies such as flooding can introduce pollutants to your water supply. Learn how to protect your source of water and find out what to do in the event that your drinking water is compromised. Bring Back the Water Fountain -Partnering with government across the nation through the to reinvigorate our nation's supply of public drinking fountains. Emergency Preparedness – identify some of the issues you may face preparing for, during and after an event that can directly threaten...
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...Eco Tourism Eco-tourism is more than a catch phrase for nature loving travel and recreation. Eco-tourism is consecrated for preserving and sustaining the diversity of the world's natural and cultural environments. It accommodates and entertains visitors in a way that is minimally intrusive or destructive to the environment and sustains & supports the native cultures in the locations it is operating in. Responsibility of both travelers and service providers is the genuine meaning for eco-tourism. Eco-tourism also endeavors to encourage and support the diversity of local economies for which the tourism-related income is important. With support from tourists, local services and producers can compete with larger, foreign companies and local families can support themselves. Besides all these, the revenue produced from tourism helps and encourages governments to fund conservation projects and training programs. Saving the environment around you and preserving the natural luxuries and forest life, that's what eco-tourism is all about. Whether it's about a nature camp or organizing trekking trips towards the unspoilt and inaccessible regions, one should always keep in mind not to create any mishap or disturbance in the life cycle of nature. Eco-tourism focuses on local cultures, wilderness adventures, volunteering, personal growth and learning new ways to live on our vulnerable planet. It is typically defined as travel to destinations where the flora, fauna, and cultural...
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...good article. Click here for more information. Page semi-protected Tiger From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia "Tigress" redirects here. For other uses, see Tiger (disambiguation) and Tigress (disambiguation). Tiger Temporal range: early Pleistocene–Recent PreЄЄOSDCPTJKPgN ↓ Tigress at Jim Corbett National Park.jpg A Bengal tiger (P. tigris tigris) Conservation status Endangered (IUCN 3.1)[1] Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Family: Felidae Genus: Panthera Species: P. tigris Binomial name Panthera tigris (Linnaeus, 1758) Subspecies P. t. tigris P. t. corbetti P. t. jacksoni P. t. sumatrae P. t. altaica P. t. amoyensis †P. t. virgata †P. t. balica †P. t. sondaica †P. t. acutidens †P. t. trinilensis Tiger map.jpg Tiger's historic range in about 1850 (pale yellow) and in 2006 (in green).[2] Synonyms Felis tigris Linnaeus, 1758[3] Tigris striatus Severtzov, 1858 Tigris regalis Gray, 1867 The tiger (Panthera tigris) is the largest cat species, reaching a total body length of up to 3.38 m (11.1 ft) over curves and exceptionally weighing up to 388.7 kg (857 lb) in the wild. Its most recognisable feature is a pattern of dark vertical stripes on reddish-orange fur with a lighter underside. The species is classified in the genus Panthera with the lion, leopard, jaguar and snow leopard. Tigers are apex predators, primarily preying on ungulates such as deer and...
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...occurs out of greed to make money. Although there are several laws to protect certain animals, this is a horrible act to any animal. Especially for the animals that are already endangered. Poachers minimizing these animal’s numbers for their own pleasure is not good. People who are against poaching should do what they can to stop this act from escalating, or there will not be any balance on this world. Animals are being killed every day from illegal hunting or capturing, that is called poaching; it’s getting worse and worse in certain places and we should do whatever we can to try and stop it. Poaching happens all around the world. Mainly in parts of the world where there is more game to hunt and a lot of money involved. A social science graduate from Makerere University Kampala in Uganda named Peter Galyak Magellan said that humans have been hunting for survival for a long time now and not because of pleasure. He stated “While primitive humans relied largely upon hunting for food, the agricultural revolution (approximately 10,000 years ago) reduced the need for survival hunting in most parts of the world. Hunting has continued, however, for several reasons, and poaching remains a possibility wherever hunting is an important part of the economy or culture.” He is saying that hunting has been around for like 400,000 years, poaching has been recent because of the reasons or values for doing it. There are so many methods for poaching, in Africa some of their methods...
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...animals that are in danger. “Both the Baltimore Zoo and the Detroit Zoo have taken in polar bears rescued from a traveling circus, and the Bronx Zoo took in an orphaned snow leopard from Pakistan in 2007. The cub, Leo, now spends his time frolicking and chasing small animals that wander into his enclosure” (Nancie Majkowski, ver. 2). On the rebuttal side, zoos are believed to be inhumane camps merely for the enjoyment of spectators and for cities to make a buck. There are several organizations that demand the release of these animals and to keep zoos and facilities such as this closed down permanently. Organizations such as PETA, ASPCA, and American Humane Society are just a few. The actions of the more ferocious animals like the tigers and lions are merely acts of self-defense. “African elephants in the wild live more than three times as long as those kept in zoos. Even Asian elephants working in...
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...Lion & Tigers The cat world has a wide variety of different breeds, two of which are considered the fiercest of the feline species. The names of these two felines are the Lion and the Tiger both belong to the scientific classification name of Panthera Leo. The Lion and the Tiger are the largest of the feline species though they appear to be different in many aspects, they also contain many similarities. Lions and Tigers are similar, as well as different, in the hunting habits they contain, their appearance, as well as their habitats. Most already know that the feline species are carnivorous, meaning they eat meat; this is of course, also a fact for that of the Lion and the Tiger. Both of these felines have very sharp claws and teeth in which they use for hunting and consuming their prey. While they both have long and sharp fangs they do not use their teeth for chewing, they instead are used for ripping off pieces of flesh and then proceed to swallow these pieces whole. Since the Lion and the Tiger live in different habitats which contain different species of prey, their options for food choices are different as well. The Lion has the preference of hunting and consuming hoofed animals such as; antelope, zebra, and wildebeest. The Tiger also prefers hoofed animals but has a different choice of selection including the deer and wild boar. The hunting habits of these large cats are different in many ways as well. Lions are known to stay in groups, which is referred to as...
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...Siberian Tiger I. Introduction a. How I Became Interested b. Threats c. Groups Helping d. Chances of Survival II. History a. Name b. Habitat c. Stages of Life/Behavior III. Characteristics a. Physical Features b. Reproduction/Mating c. Population Trends IV. Challenges and Threats a. Poachers b. Natural Threats c. Human Activity V. Outlook a. Things Being Done To Conserve b. Groups Working On It and Challenges They Face c. What Can You Do To Help VI. Summary d. Is This Animal Expected To Survive e. What Are the Chances f. Remainder of remaining population On July 28, 2002, my family and I visited the Houston Zoo. As we walked looking at the different animals and exhibits, a group of Siberian tigers caught our attention. We were amazed at how large and beautiful they were. While admiring the tigers we were invited to attend an exhibit on the Siberian tiger. The exhibit was on the preservation of the Siberian tiger. During the exhibit there was a lecture given informing everyone on the life on the Siberian tiger. I learned that the Siberian tiger is considered critically endangered. There are many groups and organizations that are fighting for the preservation of the Siberian tiger. The Wildlife Conservation Society is one group fighting to save the Siberian tiger. Another group is the Siberian Tiger Conservation Association. I think that the Siberian tiger has no chance of its continued survival. Siberian tigers are also called...
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...Project - Tigers Alive! WWF-Malaysia’s Tigers Alive! project was initiated following the completion of WWF-Malaysia’s human-tiger conflict work in FELDA Jerangau Barat, Terengganu in 2003. This project subsequently kicked off in Jeli, Kelantan, where human-tiger conflict was a major issue at that time. Since then, the project has expanded to the greater Belum-Temengor Forest Complex, a priority area for tigers as identified under the National Tiger Action Plan. With support from partners and stakeholders, this project aims to develop long-term measures to improve the protection and management of key tiger populations and their habitats. This project will contribute towards the National Tiger Action Plan, a government strategy outlining the steps to be taken to ensure the long-term survival of tigers in the wild. The Tigers Alive! project employs a holistic approach for tiger conservation, and is currently focusing on the Belum-Temengor Forest Complex as well as the larger Banjaran Titiwangsa (Main Range) landscape. The modules of this project include reducing poaching activities, conducting scientific monitoring on the population dynamics of tigers and their prey, raising awareness and reducing human-tiger conflicts through community engagement and educational programmes, ensuring forest connectivity, as well as monitoring land-use changes in tiger landscapes and communicating the cause and effects of human activities on nature to everyone. Each module forms an important...
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...Amur leopard The Amur leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis) is a leopard subspecies native to the Primorye region of southeastern Russia and Jilin Province of northeast China, and is classified as Critically Endangered since 1996 by IUCN. Only 14–20 adults and 5–6 cubs were counted in a census in 2007, with a total of 19-26 Amur leopards extant in the wild. The Amur leopard is also known as the Far Eastern leopard, Korean leopard and Manchurian leopard. Characteristics Amur leopards differ from other subspecies by a thick coat of spot covered fur. They show the strongest and most consistent divergence in pattern. Leopards from the Amur River basin, the mountains of north-eastern China and the Korean peninsula have pale cream-colored coats, particularly in winter. Rosettes on the flanks are 5 × 5 cm (2.0 × 2.0 in) large and widely spaced, up to 2.5 cm (0.98 in), with thick, unbroken rings and darkened centers. Their coat is fairly soft with long and dense hair. The length of hair on the back is 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in) in summer and 50 mm (2.0 in) in winter. The winter coat varies from fairly light yellow to dense yellowish-red with a golden tinge or rusty-reddish-yellow. The summer pelage is brighter with more vivid coloration pattern. They are rather small in size and fall within the range of variation in linear measurement of the species. Measurement of six males range from 107 to 136 cm (42 to 54 in) with a tail length of 82 to 90 cm (32 to 35 in) and a shoulder height of...
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