...This stage focuses on how children can reason logically about concrete (real physical form) events and problems with concrete features of their world. Children are still unable to understand abstract situations but can begin to think logically in concrete events. A child is presented with a ball and a slim model of clay with the same amount. In the preoperational stage the child would justify that the slim model has a higher amount of clay than the ball model. Children in the concrete stage are developed to be able to think logically that both models have the same amount of clay. Children are still limited on how they can logically understand abstract...
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...variety of orthopedic injuries, spinal cord injuries, stroke or other traumatic brain injuries. Patients can be treated in either an inpatient or outpatient setting. This normally depends on the severity of their injury or illness. A patient who has suffered a stroke, for example will be treated within the hospital by therapists before being discharged and prescribed outpatient therapy. Stroke patients are also treated under more than one rehabilitation discipline. This means that they will see not only a licensed physical therapist but in many cases, an occupational and speech therapist as well. There are two main distinctions between physical therapists, orthopedic, neurological and pediatric. Orthopedic therapists work with a number of different diagnoses but the majority of their patients suffer from a muscle, joint or spinal injury. Advancements in medicine have allowed surgeons to perform joint replacement surgeries. Patients who have had a total knee, hip or shoulder replacement will more often than not end up in the hands of a physical therapist. According to the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) those therapists who decide to become a neurological physical therapist will specialize “in the evaluation and treatment of individuals with movement problems due to disease or injury of the nervous system” (2012). These conditions include traumatic brain injuries, stroke patients, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and vestibular disorders that can cause...
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...Jennita Coates DEV107 Critical Communication (Speech) February 29, 2016 Speech What would you do if you had unlimited resources and finances to investigate a medical problem? I know what I would do. I would investigate the cause of Autism. Autism is a mental condition, present from early childhood, characterized by difficulty in communicating and forming relationships with other people and in using language and abstract concepts. This is a passion of mines because my three year old son, Nathan, was diagnosed with Autism at the tender age of two. No one know where it came from or how it started. Some experts believe that environmental factors like mercury poisoning, dietary habits and early childhood vaccines can cause Autism. However, none of these theories have been convincingly proven. Having a child with Autism can be very challenging and time consuming. Its hard to communicate with them and their behavior can be all over the place. When my son, Nathan, was first diagnosed with Autism, we could not communicate at all. He would sit, stare into space and not answer to his name. At one point I thought he was deaf because he was so unresponsive. When we are in public, Nathan tends to fall and spaz out, making it hard to control him. In that moment, it made me feel hopeless like I have no power. As a parent it broke my heart to see my child in this state. I blamed myself for his condition. This is typical with many parents with children on...
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...Chapter 5 Human Development Infant Pruning- the degradation of synapses and dying off of neurons that are no strengthened by experience (natures way of making brain more efficient) Object permanence- the ability to realize that objects still exist when they are not being sensed Animistic thinking- belief that inanimate objects are alive Egocentrism- viewing the world from one’s own perspective, and not being capable of seeing things from another person’s perspective Conservation- ability to recognize that when some properties of an object change, other properties remain constant Preconventional level- the first level in Kohlberg’s theory of moral reasoning, focusing on avoiding punishment or maximizing rewards Conventional level- second level, during which the person values caring, trust and relationships as well as the social order and lawfulness Postconventional level- the third, person recognizes universal moral rules that may trump unjust or immoral local rules Imprinting- the rapid and innate learning of the characteristics of a caregiver very soon after birth Attachment- the strong emotional connection that develops early in life to keep infants close to their caregivers Seperation Anxiety- the distress reaction shown by babies when they are separated from their primary caregiver (shown around 9 mths) Secure attachment- attachment style characterized by infants who will gradually explore new situations when the caregiver leaves and intimate contact when...
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...Abstract A male patient came into my office with his father. His father was healthy, but his son had a large head, long face, prominent forehead and large ears. He had trouble making eye contact and showed hyperactivity and behavior problems of autism throughout our appointment. After further hearing the symptoms, I tested patient X with PCR analysis and found there was a mutation, proving my theory and this boy's diagnosis of Fragile X syndrome. Symptoms: Male A moderate mental retardation. They have an abnormal facial appearance, characterized by a large head size, a long face, prominent forehead and chin and protruding ears. Loose joints (joint laxity), and large testicles (after puberty). Behavioral problems such as hyperactivity, hand...
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...Elderly - hearing disorder - communication therapy * Effects of Speech Signal Type and Attention on Acceptable Noise Level inElderly, Hearing-Impaired Listeners Diss.Mundorff, Jennifer S.. James Madison University, 2011. 3453763. ...noise levels (ANLs) in elderly, hearing-impaired listeners were ...speech. Thirty-five, elderly, hearing-impaired individuals ...the younger, normal-hearing group, the participants References (34) * Citation/Abstract * Preview - PDF (315 KB) * Full text - PDF (564 KB) * Order a copy * 2 PreviewReel talk: Deconstructing communication disorders in a sampling of modern films Diss.Beccera, Lisa M.. The University of Texas - Pan American, 2010. 1478277. ...characters that had a communication disorder or characters that ...communication disorder. This study examined types of communication disorders ...which communication disorders are portrayed in films References (72) * Citation/Abstract * Preview - PDF (163 KB) * Full text - PDF (580 KB) * Order a copy * 3 PreviewAGING AND SOCIAL COMMUNICATION: A COMPARISON OF ELDERLY AND MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS (GERONTOLOGY, LANGUAGE, OLD AGE, SPEECH, REFERENTIAL COMMUNICATION) Diss.Jordan, Thomas Manuel. New School for Social Research, 1986. 8621972. ...of normal aging on social communication. The speaker age hypothesis ...hundred and fifty men, 75 elderly (65-98) and 75 middle-aged ...The results revealed that elderly speakers...
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...Abstract Frototemporal Dementia (FTD), also known as Frototemporal Degeneration is a series of progressive malfunction of the front and/ or temporal lobes of the brain. It can be bilaterally or unilaterally. It is a type of dementia (deterioration of cognitive function) that affects the function of the frontal and temporal lobes. The disorder has distinct qualities like Alzheimer’s disease. In the US it is described as “progressive aphasia”, and in the UK it is know under the term “frontotemporal dementia”. The disorder has limited medications and therapy plays a big role in managing the symptoms of total deterioration of the health of people who are suffering from FTD. This paper discusses the pathology, epidemiology, etiology, signs and...
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...Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis or Lou Gehrig’s Disease Frederick Aladad Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease that portrays progressive muscle paralysis, and eventually ends with death. As many as twenty thousand to thirty thousand people in the United States have amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and an estimated five thousand people in the United States are diagnosed with the disease each year (Shiel, 2012). The etiology of the disease is unknown, but it plays a genetic factor. Less than ten percent has been shown to be inherited in families. ALS begins with the client with muscle weakness, stiffness, eventually to paralysis, then death caused by respiratory failure. Dysphagia occurs at onset in about one third of case, although generally it occurs in later stage of the disease (Noh, 2010). The nursing diagnosis is risk for aspiration related to impaired swallowing. Intervention for the diagnosis includes positioning the client in a 90 degree angle while in bed, a wheel chair or a chair. There is no known cure for the disease, but symptoms can be treated. Riluzole is administered to slow the progression of the disease. Pathophysiology Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease that begins with rapid, progressive muscle weakness. It attacks the neurons that are responsible for moving voluntary muscles. Once the person is diagnosed with the disease...
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...Running head: Career Research Essay: Career Development Career Research Essay: Career Development Career Research Essay: Career Development Abstract Audiology was born out of the armed forces rehabilitation programs during and following WWII. The practice has expanded to include both diagnosis and treatment. Audiologists specialize in hearing and balance disorders. To become an audiologist, a doctoral degree is needed. It is an Au.D. earned from a program accredited by the CAA. These programs last at least 4 years. Audiologists held about 12,800 jobs in 2008, and about 13,000 jobs in 2012. Audiologists work with patients of all ages, from newborns to elderly. Keywords: Audiology CAREER RESEARCH ESSAY: CAREER DEVELOPMENT Audiology was born out of armed forces rehab programs during and following WWII, as many soldiers sustained injuries to their inner ears from loud noises. The practice was largely influenced by the invention of hearing aids-originally, audiologists could recommend amplification, but could not provide it. The Academy of Doctors of Audiology was formed in 1976, and audiologists moved beyond technician status. The practice then expanded to include both diagnosis and treatment. “Audiologists specialize in balance and hearing disorders. They diagnose hearing, neural, and balance disorders in patients from all age groups and recommend solutions to correct or cope with problems. To diagnose and correct balance and other hearing related problems...
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...A Beautiful Mind 1 Running head: A LOOK INTO THE MOVIE A BEAUTIFUL MIND, DISCOVERING THE MOVIES ACCURACT PORTRAL OF SCHIZOPHRENIA. A Beautiful Mind 2 Abstract For years researchers have done their best to determine what causes Schizophrenia and what they do to help physicians treat this disease. In the movie A Beautiful Mind John Nash shows many similarities to someone who has Schizophrenia. In A Beautiful Mind, it gives you a sense of knowing a little more of how sad and debilitating Schizophrenia can be. Although it is just a movie this disease is very real. A Beautiful Mind 3 A Look into A Beautiful Mind The movie A Beautiful Mind exhibits many characteristics of someone who is Schizophrenic and in my opinion doesn’t contradict itself by showing a lot of non “typical” schizophrenic traits. In the beginning of the movie John Nash seems to be an average yet out of sorts man who is trying to find his place in this world. He is anti- Social, but makes several attempts at normal human interaction. Schizophrenia is divided into positive and negative symptoms. Positive Symptoms are those that distort normal everyday functions (Oct 25, 2008 https://www.Schizophrenia.com). For example someone with schizophrenia having positive symptoms would experience hallucinations, racing thoughts and delusions. In the beginning of the movie this is similar to John Nash’s symptoms. John saw rays of light and colors brighter than others, and certain letters and numbers...
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...ABSTRACT: Children need to grow as holistically as possible, but from time to time, a problem with a specific domain may cause connecting problems with his/her other domains. Knowing how to effectively express ones self is a very important skill that everyone must learn and acquire. Communicating with other people may come in different forms such as verbally, by writing or through text, through gestures and signs or through the use of pictures or other hand held means. This case study’s focus would be on Nathan, an 11 years old child that has Pervasive Developmental Disability-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS). Through out the whole process the researchers would observe if the use of PECS would have a significant effect on the child’s...
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...vocalizations and many have a rich and diverse method of communication; no animal can match the dexterity and abstract cognition of the human mind. The study of the way the brain processes, stores, and organizes information into learning has been studied for centuries—yet it has only been in the past few hundred years that true breakthroughs in the cognitive sciences has been observed. Arguably one of the most essential discoveries in brain function lies within the compartmentalization of mental, emotional, logistical, motor, and cognitive capabilities, this process began in earnest with the discovery of Broca's Area through the diagnosis of a particular symptom of trauma—Broca's aphasia. To understand the overall picture of this convoluted problem we must first examine the historical foundations through which aphasia was diagnosed. From there we will attempt to dissect the process of language evolution and attempt to recognize where aphasia fits within the equation of language structure. From structure, we must then look even closer to the actual biology of the neural network to examine how learning and language develops in order to assist in the therapy of aphasics the world over. Broca's area is a portion of the brain in the left temporal lobe which has been attributed to the process of speech. The term “aphasia” is derived from the Greek, aphatos, meaning “without speech”; although not all forms of aphasia silence the aphasic. As opposed to a learning disability which...
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...Abstract Research has shown that a high number of individuals with Parkinson’s disease also present with speech and voice disorder. While this occurs in the majority of individuals, a small minority receive speech and language treatment. This needs analysis aims to investigate the current status and potential barriers in delivery of speech and language treatment to individuals with Parkinson’s disease, and explore how this need can be addressed through introduction of e-health. In this instance, the e-health application LSVT companion has been researched and proposed as an e-health solution. A number of studies were analysed to support this application, as well as acknowledgement of position statements, legislation, policy and recommendations from key stakeholders. Findings indicate that while there are a number of current barriers that hinder treatment of any kind, future implementation of the LSVT companion in Australia will ensure that speech pathology services are available to all individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Introduction Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurologic condition, which is currently estimated to affect up to 80, 000 Australians. Current statistics indicate that one person with PD is diagnosed...
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...Alzheimer's Disease ● Definition-Alzheimer's disease is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease that occurs when nerve cells in the brain die. ● Signs-Memory loss that affects job skills, difficulty performing familiar tasks, problems with language, disorientation to time and place, poor or decreased judgment, problems with abstract thinking, misplacing things, changes in mood or behavior, changes in personality, loss of initiative. ● Treatment-specific treatment will be determined by the physician based on your age, health, and medical history, extent of disease, your tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapy, expectations for the course of the disease, your opinion or preference and at this time there...
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...of the three areas above and discuss established or proposed standards that assist in explaining the role of professional health care organizations and societies. HLT 314V WEEK 4 DISCUSSION 2 Access the Healthy People in Action section of the Healthy People 2020 website: https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/Healthy-People-in-Action Select State Plans from the drop-down menu of the “Healthy People in Action” tab above the main page content. Pick a state (or territory) which has not already been selected by a classmate, and access that state’s 2020 Healthy People Plans. Select and summarize one area in the plan you selected that pertains to allied health care delivery in that state (for example, medical sonography, respiratory therapy, radiography, speech pathology, etc.). For the area you picked, what do you think the state plan does well? What could it do better, and how so? HLT 314V WEEK 4 ASSIGNMENT COMPARISON OF RESEARCH ARTICLES Details: Choose two research articles published by a scholarly (peer-reviewed) journal on a current health care issue in the United States, controversial or otherwise. Topics: Suggested topics may include: 1. A study of vaccinations and autism rates 2. Maternal health, fetal health, or elder health 3. Disease-based studies, such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease 4. The increasing rates of caesarean sections in birthrates 5. Managed health care in the United States...
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