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Sprawl In Detroit

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As of 2014 (see Appendix B), a majority of residential areas surrounding downtown Detroit have experienced moderate to high vacancy while residential areas further from the city centre experiencing low to no vacancy. This has produced higher population density in the outskirts of the city and low density in the downtown core, a stark difference from the population distribution in the 1950s when the downtown core had the highest population density (see Appendix C). While Pittsburgh has experienced some suburban sprawl and population decline, population density is still highest near the downtown core and vacant areas can be attributed to green spaces (Appendix D). Additionally while Detroit has twice the land mass of Pittsburgh, its population …show more content…
In the 1950s to1960s, Detroit’s automotive factories changed their plant model from multistory buildings to single story ones. Detroit’s downtown was already saturated by this time causing factories to leave the Detroit area in order to facilitate these larger buildings. First to follow the larger factories were auto-related industries who employed 20 percent of Detroit-area workers. This resulted in many empty factories and vacant lots especially as employees followed the automotive industries out of the city. Some argue that this was because of Detroit’s city model of short-term achievement associated with the perceived unlimited growth of the automobile industry. As far back as 1961, Jane Jacobs described downtown Detroit as “weak on vitality and diversity…it is ring superimposed ring of gray belts…it is dispirited and dull, and almost deserted by seven o’clock of an evening.” The industry molded the city’s spatial development and caused a lack of vitality in the city centre. This description speaks to Detroit’s dependence on the automotive industry as the whole city focused solely on its development rather than developing its urban core. This can also be seen by Detroit’s lack of greenspaces in the city-region (Appendix C). Greenspaces increase quality of life for urban dwellers and combined with a lively downtown area can incentivize them to stay in the …show more content…
Although the city’s population still continued to decline, the downtown area is bustling with people and the downtown core continues to attract new businesses and a younger population. Pittsburgh’s strong technological knowledge has successfully drawn large technical firms such as Google to the area. Overall, Pittsburgh has performed admirably, especially when compared with Detroit. Detroit’s policy objectives centered around the automotive industry, and instead of revitalizing their downtown core and diversifying the economy, city officials put more money into the ‘Big Three’. Rather than supporting its populace, they chose to put the burden of taxation on their people, worsening the rate of suburban sprawl that the city faced. Detroit has still yet to recover from these policy decisions and ranks among the most abandoned cities in the US.
From this, one can conclude that a city is able to reverse trends of urban decline through the creation of a diverse economy. By not to depending on the health of a single industry, creating an effective tax base, making successful public-private partnerships, and by revitalizing the downtown core, a city can recover from urban decline. These policy objectives help decrease the rate of suburban sprawl, stop or slow down urban economic

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