...Our society is facing a serious problem that is the age discrimination between women and men. In 1939 to 1979 white women made less than 60 % as much as white men. The 40% gape difference decreased these days, but there is still a wage gap between men and women. There are many claims behind the reason of wage discrimination. George F. Will (2000)” Lies, Damned lies and …..” claims that the main cause of wage gap is omen’s decision to establish a family, so that force them to make comprise for raising their children and that leads them to work in flexible jobs with flexible ours that permit them to enter the fast track.. Another article by Allen Goodman (1999) “A New Campaign for Pay Equity” argues that the main reason behind low wages for women is sex discrimination. She supports her point of view by saying that the gender gap between male and female accountants is 201$ a week and bartenders is 48$. Finally, Lester C. Thurow “1981” claims that the system of promotion is the main reason behind the wage discrimination. Thurow says if men discriminate against women they are lowering their own income so there is no sex discrimination. Thurow conclude that the decade between 25 and 35 is when the person succeed in his/her life is the same decade when women think of establishing a family and leave the labor force or become a part – time worker. The system of promotion and skill acquisition extaract an enormous life time price during the decade of 25 to 35. The lack of experience...
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...negative feelings that so many have against minorities. Even if some fail to take note of it, prejudice and discrimination take place in many forms and affect many different groups of people. People target anything they may find unusual about a person and use it as an excuse to not like them and keep themselves separate from them. These minority groups vary from different ethnic groups, homosexuals, and even women. One example of discrimination that has always stuck in my head and troubled me is a time when I was just a freshman in high school. I was a cheerleader, and at our school unlike many others, we had a variety of girls from different cultures on our team. We all got along great, we were basically sisters with the amount of time we spent together practicing every day. During the summer, a couple of my teammates and I got hired at a local beach club together working in the snack stand. The beach club was very expensive, ridiculously expensive if you ask me, and there seemed to be very few colored members. One of my teammates however that worked with me was. Every Friday night the beach club would have a band and a special buffet for its members, and a few people would always have to work an extra shift for the night. As the summer went on I realized that our boss never put on any colored workers to work those long nights. At first I didn’t realize why, until our boss made it almost completely obvious that he didn’t like when they worked on Friday nights because it was...
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...positive stories with that of prejudice, stereotypes, discrimination, stigmas, and hate towards those who stand out or have unique attributes. Especially when compared to our culture of power that is often white, healthy, and traditional. The following will define, describe the treatment of, and perceive the lives of two of these stigmatized groups, those with obesity and those who are LGBT, to further detail the similarities and differences of their daily struggles. One clear, thematic, distinction is the blatant external identification of obese individuals against the hidden sexual stigma of those who are LGBT. Group Definition Weight stigma is a social stigma in which those who are overweight or obese are targets of prejudicial attitudes and discriminatory behaviors. This stigma is present across many dimensions in our society and can be seen in interpersonal, institutional, organizational, and cultural discrimination. Alarmingly, research has discerned the weight stigma has become more prevalent in our society, as weight based discrimination has increased 66% from the 1990’s into the 2000’s (Andreyeva, T., Puhl, R. M., & Brownell, K. D., 2008). Despite this group actually being a majority across the world, they are still stigmatized and thought to be the blame for their obesity. The stereotypes these people face are exclusively negative, as additional research has showed that overweight people are accredited multiple negative stereotypes such as being sloppy, disagreeable,...
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...Gender Roles in American Society Femininity and masculinity are topics that have been debated over in our society extensively, through psychological research and day to day interaction with people. Children learn from their parents as well as society the concept of “feminine” and “masculine.” The majority of people tend to believe that these conceptions are biological but I believe it is more cultural and it affects the society that we all live in . From birth, female children are shaped by society as being sweet, caring, loving, and delicate and usually associated with the color pink. While male children are shaped by being tough, aggressive, and competitive and associated with the color blue. As these children grow, the boy is given a football to play with and the girl a Barbie. All of these aspects illustrate how gender socialization takes place early in children’s lives and how society has made it a norm to accept these stereotypes. Although the women's suffrage movement paved the way for great successes in women's history, research shows that women will always be seen as unequal to men. Gender role is a commonly discussed subject in society. Gender role simply defined is a person's inner sense of how a male or female should feel and behave. Society and culture are also very important in relation to this subject. This means different societies and cultures may produce children and later, grown men and women, who have different views of a man or a woman's place...
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...Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination: The effect of group based expectations on moral functioning Jennifer Steele, Y. Susan Choi, and Nalini Ambady Harvard University In press in T.A. Thorkildsen, J. Manning, & H.J. Walberg (Eds.), Children and Youth Series: Nurturing Morality. New York: Kluwer Academic. Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination: The effect of group based expectations on moral functioning As citizens of the United States, we are extremely fortunate to live in a democracy, and more specifically, a society that upholds egalitarian and meritocratic ideals. As a nation, we have fought wars and faced internal struggles in order to establish this system and champion these values. Within the last two centuries we have abolished slavery, given women the right to vote, and desegregated schools. In more recent years the movement towards equal opportunity has been advanced even further; public and private schools have increased financial support for economically disadvantaged scholars, and affirmative action programs have been developed as yet another means of combating inequities. It would seem that as a society, we are moving towards our moral ideal of equality for one and all. And yet, disparities remain. Race continues to be inextricably linked to socio-economic status and education level, with certain racial and ethnic groups, such as Caucasian- and Asian-Americans reaping more societal advantages on average than others, including...
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...revolved around human needs. One of the greatest strengths of nursing is the extensive range of opportunities and options that it has to offer. There are many different levels of practice, specialties, and there are always opportunities to advance in the nursing profession. With nurses playing a major role in designing the new healthcare system in the United States, now there is an even greater need for a positive public image of nursing. However, nursing's contributions to healthcare may be transparent or even ignored by the public and the media. The media has an immense effect on the perceptions of society. Therefore, any misrepresentation of the nursing profession by the media may negatively affect nursing's public image. As nurses, we have a responsibility to the entire nursing profession to protect our image, and take action to ensure that the public is not mislead by the media. Over time, there have been many images of nurses purported by the media. Nurses play roles in movies, television series, plays, books, and in reality they may be seen on the news or in newspapers. Some suggest that these media portrayals are solely to blame for the public's misconceptions or stereotypes regarding nursing. In actuality, the public image of nursing has evolved as the nursing profession has evolved, even before media influence was a factor. In the late 1800's through early 1900's, nursing was viewed as more of a religious calling than a profession. Then, from 1920-1949, nursing was regarded...
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...Power and Discrimination Assignment Introduction Stereotypical imagery and prejudice are biases, which function together in creating as well as maintaining social inequality. Prejudice can be described as personal feelings and attitudes that individuals have regarding other group members. On the other hand, stereotypes can be defined as beliefs regarding a group including a description of an individual, their abilities as well as their behaviour. Therefore, stereotypes cognitively represent how people are similar to other and their differences towards other groups. ‘Individuals can be aware of stereotypes and have cognitive representations of their beliefs without endorsing such stereotypes, without prejudice feelings as well as without having a belief that stereotypes can affect their behaviour and judgement’ (Charnley et al 2009: 195). Stereotyping as well as prejudice are considered as an adaptive processes product, which simplifies complex world towards enabling individuals to apply cognitive resources towards various tasks. Nevertheless, despite the function served by cognitively adaptive processes by use of mental shortcuts to make decisions regarding other people can result in serious negative outcomes (Smith 2008). The horrifying mistreatment of people in history including that of African American, homosexuals, people with disabilities, has been the main impulsion for prejudice as well as stereotypes study. Therefore, the original experiments and ideas are concerned...
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...standards, job inequality, profiling, and discrimination. Children are taught racism and profiling which keeps hatred and negativity going. Minorities in the United States are considered anyone who is visually a different ethnicity than white/Caucasian or a female. I say visually because we are all a mixture of races; however, some are more visually, stereotypically, dominant in a specific ethnicity. When I attend my high school, there is little diversity. This is not because of standards, Licking Valley is a public high school; thus, anyone is welcome to come and receive an education. On the other hand, when I attend COTC, I have come to notice much more diversity than I was previously exposed to. It is a nice change of pace; in turn, I like to learn about other cultures and understanding other ethnicities. What I have noticed, however, is that housing in the Licking Valley district is typically more expensive than Newark housing. This could play a role in the amount of diversity between Licking Valley and schools like Newark High School and COTC. Due to job discrimination, this is a domino...
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...Stereotypes in films and tv Films and television shows are responsible for exposing racial stereotypes. These prejudice stereotypes often affect how individuals are treated in society. Since society watches these films and TV shows, their perception of certain races are altered or tainted. In the article, “In living color: Race and American Culture,” Michael Omi states, “In contemporary television and films, there is a tendency to present and equate racial minority groups and individuals with specific social problems. Blacks are associates with drugs and urban crime, Latinos with ‘illegal’ immigration, while Native Americans cope alcoholism and tribal conflict” (Omi 632). Television and films represent ethnic groups poorly and can therefore make society also think negative of them. Minorities can often become victims of racial stereotyping. These racial stereotypes are heavily influenced by TV shows and movies. Most of the times these stereotypes will have a negative effect on a certain minority and can cause individuals to be treated with prejudice and discrimination. Sometimes stereotypes can put these individuals in danger. It is believed that one of America’s most awful sins was the enslavement and segregation of nonwhites. America, since the 1600’s has been accountable for racism and discrimination especially in the south. Even today in 2015, America is still in the process of overcoming prejudice for good. For example, in August 9, 2014, an 18 year old African American...
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...kind of gender discrimination that is based on an individual’s sex. Sexism still has roots in the society and has also been reflected in the corporate sector. Though it is argued the sexism affects both women and men, the prejudice has primarily been shouldered by women. The psychology links this prejudice to gender role and other stereotypes that are constructed in our society. People have a mental perspective that one gender is superior to the other. However, this is not the case. Besides, the remarkable changes and breakthrough that have been achieved in the 21st century, sexism still dominates the workplace and have adverse effects on the workers. Some of these effects include; rape, sexual harassment, and other sexual violence activities. The idea of sexism is developed in thoughts and thus, one cannot separate sexism and psychology. The question is what sexism is as depicted in the working environment and what effects does it have on employees. The current paper looks deep into the issue of sexism in workplace and the influence that it has on employees by using empirical evidence from several researchers. According to psychology, sexism is a hostile or a negative attitude, feeling or opinion developed towards an individual or a group of people (Boysen, 2013). The attitude does not coin in enough reason, thought or knowledge and thus, they are based on negative stereotypes (Boysen, 2013). Prejudice emanates from prejudgment and leads to discrimination in various fields...
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...appearance or culture is a lesson that was drilled into the minds of the children that walked the halls of the school and produce more accepting people. Exposing young adults or children to the diversity is crucial for the progress of this vast nation. The face of America is changing into a culturally diverse nation, which comes with issues of prejudice and discrimination that the people can overcome by learning and understanding the new cultures around them. The face of this country is changing and has been for some time. Education has been a link between understanding and accepting each other for who a person is, without the pretense of race, ethnicity, and religion. Most prejudice and discrimination is born from misunderstanding one another. Different religions or even food may seem odd and strange but they do not make a person good or bad. The beliefs of others give others a chance to examine their own life and determine who they are and what they want to believe in. Learning about each other promotes a life without the stereotypes and prejudice that so many individuals have to face every day. The struggles that some of our citizens have had to endure is outstanding. Having the knowledge about what those individuals have faced and what they are still facing has given some a different perspective on how to treat others....
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...Female Gender Stereotype Miguel Mendoza English-100-TR-10:00AM Professor A.Cerda March 8, 2015 In the twentieth century, there was a time when men believed that women could not match the same intellectual levels of men because of the fact they were women and their only priorities were offerings, cooking, and keeping house clean. On the contrary, important women have made a difference our society, like Rosa Park, who fought for civil rights, or Francis Wright, who played an important role in women’s right movement, and many more. Now in our time, women have well paid jobs and successful lifestyles, with good careers because of these women, that helped shape are society and changed what were stereotypes to men, to equality of comprehension in women. Therefore, women should have the right to choose if they want to get an education and work, or become housewives. It is important for women to have the right to choose because it is a different era, they should be treated equally with men, and the rise of feminism has changed the social norms of society over the years. To begin with, the article of “Women’s Rights: Then and now,” talks about very important times, when women had no rights, or equality among men. Women were not allowed to vote, study, or work in the twentieth century because the only priorities given to women, were to giving birth and take care of the offerings. In addition, women were not allowed outside unless the husband gave them approval to step outside....
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...States Calvin A. Goldsberry Ethics/125 10/27/2013 Sisay Teketele Taking this course in ethics has given me more knowledge and understanding of how to relate to people of different ethnicities and cultural backgrounds. I understand that I have to resist the temptation to accept stereotypes that people believe and are portrayed in media about different groups of people. Whether it is a specific race, ethnic group, religious group, gay, bisexual, lesbian and transgendered people everyone deserves to be treated as an individual and given proper and appropriate respect. As always I hold the utmost respect for people of color because of the background of suffering with oppression and discrimination in America. I also have new found respect for other races such as Hispanics and Latinos because they have also had to deal with discrimination in this country as well. I did research on Hispanics and Latinos for one of my previous assignments in this course and found that they also suffer discrimination in the areas of education and employment similar to African-Americans. This course reiterated to me how strong African American people are because we never stopped fighting to stop segregation and discrimination against ourselves in this country. Trends in immigration in the United States indicate that immigration growth will remain high because people love America for its values and freedom. These immigration trends will continue to shape the demographics of the United States. According...
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...different groups to its shores. Principles of freedom of religion and speech bought refugees from different ethnic groups. While other groups came to seek their fortune in the “land of opportunity”, one group came to the America under duress. Each group found prejudice and discrimination. As the years passed and the country continued to grow, the barriers of prejudice and discrimination were beginning to crumble. The different groups began to accept the differences that accompanied the diversity of the nation. These changes bring up a question. Has the United States finally overcome our fear of diversity? If we examine the cultural background of Americans, we will discover many are of European descent. Many of our ancestors came looking for religious freedom. Others came to settle debts they had in their homeland. Some citizens are descendants of slaves who were sold to affluent citizens and plantation owners. The circumstances around people in these groups arrival resulted in prejudice and ethnocentrism. Prejudice was not just directed toward African Americans during the 19th century. German, Irish, Polish, Chinese and Italian immigrants found themselves the victims of prejudice and discrimination (Schaeffer, 2013). They came to the United States to find a better life. Many worked for wages which were less than Caucasian workers. Employers during this time would hire more immigrants because of this fact. Prejudice grew stronger toward these groups because they...
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...affects our society is a form of humanistic deception. Although the norms in America appear to be uniform; we will see that biases are influenced by various social factors such as stereotype, prejudice, discrimination, and labeling including the Attribution Theory. This paper will compare and contrast scientific literature to gain more insight into the subtlety of this social construct. I am seeking not to understand the reason why we as social beings are bias, but to simply show that this distorted truth exist. Subtle Bias as a Social Construct In America My theory of unconscious bias along with the self-affirmation process that accompanies it clouds our worldview in our present society. We all do it no matter how accepting we appear to be or even claim to be. Irrational thoughts are usually based on a worldview that illustrates our interpretation of the world we live in (Wilson, 2001). This worldview is a set of assumptions and beliefs that we hold on to that guide our behavior. It helps us to make sense out of our lives. It determines what we think about human nature, causes of emotional issues, and where bias comes from (Entwistle, 2004). There is always some form of discriminatory behavior or covert prejudice prevailing within our essence. Unfortunately, there is a strong manipulative force who affects the relationship between self and our cognitive decisions which fosters the quality of our everyday life. It must be remembered that not all aspects of society affect...
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