...The management process is a series of activities in a cycle of planning and control where planning is refers to the setting of objectives for an organization and draws a line of how it can be achieved. Controlling activity itself is refers to the implementing plans by using the feedback to accomplish the objectives. In management, control system is necessary in which the activities of different divisions, departments, and sections need to be coordinated and controlled. To be specific, management control system is needed to clearly communicate the organization’s goal, to ensure that managers and employees understand the specific actions required of them to achieve organizational goals, to communicate results of actions across the organization and to ensure that managers can adjust the changes in environment. In Xerox Corporation, they are using planning process as their management control system. Al Senter, the Xerox’s Vice President of Finance in 1990 already stated that the control function must add value to the product by working with line management. Each operating units in Xerox Corporation will draw their own long term planning in order to get reviewed and feedback by the organizations. It’s important to have planning as their one of the control systems since it will set a standard of performance. By this planning process, each of the division general managers in Xerox Corporation will responsible for managing and controlling their subordinate to deliver the committed...
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...CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM (NEW SYLLABUS) COMPULSORY PAPERS Title: Total Quality Management Subject Code: 3001 Contact Hours: 45 hrs Work load: 3 hrs per week Credit Points: 3 Evaluation: Continuous Internal Assessment – 25 marks Semester End Examination -- 50 marks Objectives: This cour se is designed to help students to develop basic appreciation of quality concepts and learn the tools and techniques to achieve quality. It also gives the totally integrated effort for gaining competitive advantage by continuously improving every facet of an organization’s activities. Pedagogy : Lectures, Assignments, case studies, seminar, MODULE 1 Introduction to TQM: Various definitions of quality and TQM, Core concepts of quality, The masters of quality(W Edwards Deming, Joseph M Juran, Philiph B Crosby, Kaoru Ishikawa, Ginichi Taguchi, Shigeo shingo) Evolution of quality, The Total Quality Management Excellence Model, Strategic Quality Management, Lecture, Numerical Exercises on cost of quality, TPM 1. Basterfield H Dale and others, Total Quality Management, Pearson Education/PHI, Inc. 2006. 2. K.Shridhar Bhat Total Quality Management (Himalaya publishing house 2005). 3. Poornima M Charantimath, Total Quality Management, Pearson Education, 2003. MODULE 2 Continuous process improvement: Concepts of Kaizen, Kaizen vs. Innovation, Kaizen Strategy, House of Quality, Quality Function deployment...
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...way to do business. These competitors set up strategy and management accounting system to improve their quality, cost and time. They had high quality, delivered products on time, and had low price. These competitors took market share from Reel Tape Inc. One of the reasons that led to Reel Tape Inc. lost its market share was the lack of a good management-accounting system. (Jan Bell, Shahid Ansari, Thomsa Klammer, and Carol Lawrence, 1997) What is management accounting Management accounting is a system of measuring and providing operational and financial information that guides managerial action, motivates behaviors, and supports and creates the cultural values necessary to achieve an organization’s strategic objectives. (Jan Bell, Shahid Ansari, Thomsa Klammer, and Carol Lawrence, 1997) A good management-accounting system can help firms to produce low cost products, maintain quality and deliver on time. A good management accounting information is technical, behavioral and cultural. First, technology can provide relevant information for strategic decisions. Management accountants should obtain information what they want through companies’ information system. This information should be timely and accurate. It helps management accountants analyze companies’ financial situation and then make decisions. Second, behavioral can encourage actions that are consistent with an organization’s strategic objectives. The decisions that management accountants made can help to achieve companies’...
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...Table of Contents 2 Executive Summary 4 3 Situation analysis 5 3.1 Company overview 5 3.2 Evaluation of Process Management approach at D2D 6 3.3 Evaluation of Just in Time (JIT) techique 10 3.4 Benchmarking 11 3.5 SWOT Analysis 12 4. RECOMMENDATIONS 13 Creating a value system: 14 Development of a Strategy Map 15 Reviewing the Organisational Strategy 15 Organisational Performance 16 5. Conclusion 18 6. Bibliography 19 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The author conducted a situation analysis for D2D through analysing the approach to process management followed by D2D as well as the quality improvement techniques used by D2D. The analysis revealed the following: * Process Management at D2D- The approach followed by the company is very effective as every process is controlled and measured. This is applicable to all areas within D2D. However, the author is of the opinion that D2D should avoid implementing to many control systems to avoid their employees losing focus. It was also not clear what D2D’s market strategy; if any entails. * Just in Time (JIT) technique – The author found that certain elements such as Lead time reduction; flexible workforce and the required supplier quality assurance and implement a zero defects quality programme were being implemented at D2D. The author is however of the opinion that this is sufficient and that there is no need for D2D to implement additional elements of JIT. * Benchmarking – The assessment showed that D2D is very...
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...Kaplan Harvard Business School, Harvard University 1 Paper originally prepared for C. Chapman, A. Hopwood, and M. Shields (eds.), Handbook of Management Accounting Research: Volume 3 (Elsevier, 2009). 1 Conceptual Foundations of the Balanced Scorecard Abstract David Norton and I introduced the Balanced Scorecard in a 1992 Harvard Business Review article (Kaplan & Norton, 1992). The article was based on a multi-company research project to study performance measurement in companies whose intangible assets played a central role in value creation (Nolan Norton Institute, 1991). Norton and I believed that if companies were to improve the management of their intangible assets, they had to integrate the measurement of intangible assets into their management systems. After publication of the 1992 HBR article, several companies quickly adopted the Balanced Scorecard giving us deeper and broader insights into its power and potential. During the next 15 years, as it was adopted by thousands of private, public, and nonprofit enterprises around the world, we extended and broadened the concept into a management tool for describing, communicating and implementing strategy. This paper describes the roots and motivation for the original Balanced Scorecard article as well as the subsequent innovations that connected it to a larger management literature. 2 “Conceptual Foundations of the Balanced Scorecard” Robert S. Kaplan David...
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...converts inputs into greater value of outputs to maximize the profit of organization. Operation management is defined as the process of constantly improving the system to make and deliver firm’s primary goods and services (Investopedia, 2010). Supply chain is the movement of materials, information and finances from supplier to end users. Hence, operations and supply chain management (OSCM) can be described as the design, operation and improvement of the system that manufacture and transfer the firm’s primary products and services to final users. Operations and supply chain management is a functional area of business with clear line management obligations (Scribd, 2015). The 1970s Manufacturing strategy In the...
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...Kaplan Harvard Business School, Harvard University 1 Paper originally prepared for C. Chapman, A. Hopwood, and M. Shields (eds.), Handbook of Management Accounting Research: Volume 3 (Elsevier, 2009). 1 Conceptual Foundations of the Balanced Scorecard Abstract David Norton and I introduced the Balanced Scorecard in a 1992 Harvard Business Review article (Kaplan & Norton, 1992). The article was based on a multi-company research project to study performance measurement in companies whose intangible assets played a central role in value creation (Nolan Norton Institute, 1991). Norton and I believed that if companies were to improve the management of their intangible assets, they had to integrate the measurement of intangible assets into their management systems. After publication of the 1992 HBR article, several companies quickly adopted the Balanced Scorecard giving us deeper and broader insights into its power and potential. During the next 15 years, as it was adopted by thousands of private, public, and nonprofit enterprises around the world, we extended and broadened the concept into a management tool for describing, communicating and implementing strategy. This paper describes the roots and motivation for the original Balanced Scorecard article as well as the subsequent innovations that connected it to a larger management literature. 2 “Conceptual Foundations of the Balanced Scorecard” Robert S. Kaplan David...
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...Operations management can be described as the practice of managing the operating core of a company: the activities related to creation, production, distribution, as well as delivery of the products or service of the company. It focus on controlling and managing the process to manufacture and distribute goods or services, and concern about the responsibility of ensuring operations in business process are effective in the terms of meeting customers’ satisfaction, as well as efficient in terms of consuming as little resources as necessary. The definition of operations management (OM) is the set of activities that creates value in the form of goods and services by transforming inputs to outputs (Jay Heizer & Barry Render, 2008). It is the function of managing the operating core of an organization: the activities associated with creation, production, distribution, and delivery of the organizations’ goods and service (Kashi Naresh Singh & Rajiy Kumar Srivastava, 2007). In this report, I would like to focus on three strategic decision areas of operations management: Quality, Supply chain management, as well as Inventory. 2 Problem Statement Tesco is one of the most successful retailer companies in the world, and Tesco’s operations strategy has contributed greatly to Tesco’s business processes. It is widely acknowledged Tesco’s operation management is effective and efficient in facilitating Tesco’s business strategy, however, how exactly Tesco’s operations management and strategy...
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...Risk and Quality Management Strategies 4 Executive Summary VOLUME 2 July 2009 Key Recommendations Assess current activities in risk management and quality improvement to evaluate their effectiveness in addressing overlap. Establish a structure to ensure that patient care activities are addressed in a coordinated manner involving risk management and quality improvement functions. Seek legal counsel to ensure that the structure for risk management and quality improvement activities maximizes legal protections granted by state and federal statutes while allowing for the flow of information. Align risk management and quality improvement plans with the strategic goals of the organization. Educate stakeholders on the role of risk management and quality improvement functions. Design systems to coordinate and streamline data collection, analysis, monitoring, and evaluation. Risk Management, Quality Improvement, and Patient Safety In the past, the risk management and quality improvement functions often operated separately in healthcare organizations and individuals responsible for each function had different lines of reporting—an organizational structure that further divided risk management and quality improvement. Today, risk management and quality improvement efforts in healthcare organizations are rallying behind patient safety and finding ways to work together more effectively and efficiently to ensure that their organizations deliver safe and high-quality patient...
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...Principles of TQM 3 Total Quality and Six Sigma 5 Six sigma DMAIC process elements 6 Application where Six sigma is better 6 Difference between Six Sigma & Total Quality Management 6 Reasons for adopting Total quality Management 7 Accurate time to adopt Total Quality Management (TQM) 8 Total Quality Management Tools 9 Principles of Total Quality Management 11 1. Customer centric approach 12 2. Employee involvement 12 3. Process approach 13 4. Integrated system 13 5. Strategic & systematic approach 13 6. Fact-based decision making 14 7. Continual improvement 14 8. Communication 14 The Concept of Continuous Improvement by Total Quality Management 14 Benefits of Total Quality Management in an Organization 16 Conclusion 17 References: 18 Introduction Total Quality Management (TQM) is a philosophy with the enthusiasm of accomplishing the overall performance of the organization. This globally recognized strategic technique has several benefits that make TQM trustworthy and applicable toward the business people. These benefits may include improving consumer satisfaction, focusing on employee motivation, reducing waste and improving overall performance of the organization. TQM is a problem solving technique that particularly focuses on continuous improvement of the quality of product, process and service. In this approach the management and employee can work together for the overall improvement by using quality and management tool aimed at increasing...
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...information systems in order to educate them the process of making decisions. This report will critically evaluate the importance of how the information systems generate value in the organizations by introducing the nature of information system, defining the concept of information systems and the change that may happened. This report will also identify the solution of change and the strategies that used to generate value in the organization. The following will discuss more details. 2. Nature of information system: 2.1 Nature of information: Diagram 1: Source ( Stair and Reynolds ,2013) As the diagram 1 shows, the information is transformed from data which consists of raw facts and the knowledge is required to support a specific task in order to processed the data into useful information. However, it is of vital importance for organizations to identify and leverage quality information (Hussain, 2008). It is because valuable information not only can help decision makers achieve their goals, but also help people in their organizations perform tasks more efficiently and effectively . In terms of characteristics of quality information, Stair and Reynolds (2013) identified eleven characteristics of quality information: complete, timely, secure, accurate, flexible, reliability, verifiable, simple, relevant, economical and accessible. 2.2 Introduction of information system: In organizations, information comes from information systems and information...
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...Impact of Risk Management in Application Development Abstract: Nowadays, software is becoming a major part of enterprise business. Software development is activity connected with advanced technology and high level of knowledge. Risks on software development projects must be successfully mitigated to produce successful software systems. Lack of a defined approach to risk management is one of the common causes for project failures. To improve project chances for success, this work investigates common risk impact areas to perceive a foundation that can be used to define a common approach to software risk management. Based on typical risk impact areas on software development projects, we propose three risk management strategies suitable for a broad area of enterprises and software development projects with different amounts of connected risks. Proposed strategies define activities that should be performed for successful risk management, the one that will enable software development projects to perceive risks as soon as possible and to solve problems connected with risk materialization. We also propose a risk-based approach to software development planning and risk management as attempts to address and retire the highest impact risks as early as possible in the development process. Proposed strategies should improve risk management on software development projects and help to create a successful software solution. Table of contents: 1. Introduction ...
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...plant manager for RIO BRAVO IV, a subsidiary of Packed Electrical a division of General Motors identifies mistakes made by top management. These mistakes clearly indicate top management failure to use project management principles in starting up a new manufacturing branch. It also points out the learning outcomes when good efforts are placed at the right places and with the right human talent employed. In the new economy organizations have to focus on the customer, environment and its resources and change their approach in doing business (paradigm shift). Senior management has to give clear goals and utilize the Total Quality Management (TQM) philosophy. Failure by top managed clearly state the objective of the project meant that it had no master plan and schedule. When the project was initiated the objective was to gain worldwide respect not to satisfy a customer and let the respect follow as an outcome. Top management failure is more evident through lack of proper feasibility study on the location and the customer getting customer Users Requirements Specifications (URS). There was no plan in place as such the project team did not exist at all. The machines were hastily installed; lay out set as per other factories not designed to cater for this customer. The location was never considered as what effect it might cause to the customer. Top management did not address the diversity issue an as a result communication was hampered by language differences. They took it for granted...
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...UNIT 1 i Introduction to operations management Unit 1 BLC 301/05 Operations Management Introduction to Operations Management ii WAWASAN OPEN UNIVERSITY BLC 301/05 Operations Management COURSE TEAM Course Team Coordinator: Ms. Loo Saw Khuan Content Writer: Dr. Quah Hock Soon Instructional Designer: Ms. Koh Kah Ling Academic Members: Dr. Chuah Poh Lean and Mr. Chong Fook Suan COURSE COORDINATOR Ms. Loo Saw Khuan EXTERNAL COURSE ASSESSOR Associate Professor Dr. Lim Kong Teong, Universiti Utara Malaysia PRODUCTION Editor: Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. In-house Editor: Ms. Koh Kah Ling Graphic Designer: Ms. Audrey Yeong Wawasan Open University is Malaysia’s first private not-for-profit tertiary institution dedicated to adult learners. It is funded by the Wawasan Education Foundation, a tax-exempt entity established by the Malaysian People’s Movement Party (Gerakan) and supported by the Yeap Chor Ee Charitable and Endowment Trusts, other charities, corporations, members of the public and occasional grants from the Government of Malaysia. The course material development of the university is funded by Yeap Chor Ee Charitable and Endowment Trusts. © 2008 Wawasan Open University First revision 2013 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from...
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...hospital, large or small, has an organizational design and structure that will facilitate the efficient and smooth daily operations for the efficient management of various departments (Burton, DeSanctis & Obe, 2004). Within a hospital setting, organizational design is a formal, guided process that integrates employees, patients, people, information, and technology, and serves as a key structural element that also allows Elmhurst to maximize value by matching its corporate design to overall strategy (Glickman, Baggett, Krubert, Peterson, & Schulm, 2007). This paper examines the organizational design of Elmhurst General Hospital as well as its internal and external factors that defines its size, organizational structure and process. Background From a strategic perspective, Elmhurst’s organizational design is more of an untapped variable that needs to be addressed in the context of organizational strategy and change. This is critical as attention to clinical quality is top priority to the hospital, and as such is a priority (Burton et al., 2004; Glickman et al., 2007). This is essential for health-care institutions such as Elmhurst to evolve its organizational and management structures that support the design and implementation of quality-improvement initiatives and at the same time, create mechanisms for accountability for quality of care and patient outcomes (Davis & Schoenbaum, 2010). Furthermore, with the momentum in health care reform and other related debates, health...
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