...everyone in the society and change the whole society radically. In the following, only the revolutionary social movement will be focused and the China Pro-democracy movement in Hong Kong will be used as an example of this type of social movement. To begin with, here is the history of the movement. The China Pro-democracy movement is the largest- scale and longest-lasting demonstration in China. It started on 15th April, 1989 when the former general secretary of the Chinese committee secretariat Hu Yaobang suddenly died of a heart attack. The death of Hu not only brought the calling for vindication of Hu’s legacy but also the discussion of other political and social issues among the public especially the young intelligence group. Afterwards the university students used non-violent ways such as sit-in, the student’s strike and hunger strike to urge the government make changes in China .They listed some suggestions(“Seven demands“)including democratic reformation, a vindication of Hu and other five points for the government. However, the government did not take the suggestions into consideration and accused the students as extremely small segments of opportunists overthrowing the Communist Party and the political system. Finally the government declared the martial law and cleared the Tiananmen Square by killing protestors. The Tiananmen Square Protest was ended after the June Forth Massacre. Hong Kong plays an important role on the movement as...
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...speech reform activity, the Civil Rights Movement reached its peak as protests spread through the nation. Upon the late 50’s, many of America’s college youth had organized themselves into activist groups, promoting their rights to support off-campus causes. The University of California in Berkeley was one of the many that faced this student commotion. A minority of the university’s students actively engaged themselves in the Civil Rights cause. In an effort to lessen the student’s ability to promote causes such as these, Berkeley officials took legal precautions towards preventing on-campus political activities by initiating a ban. In the fall semester of 1964,...
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...particularly among the young. Many college-age men and women became political activists and were the driving force behind the civil rights and antiwar movements. Other young people simply “dropped out” and separated themselves from mainstream culture through their appearance and lifestyle. Attitudes toward sexuality appeared to loosen, and women began to openly protest the traditional roles of housewife and mother that society had assigned to them. Left-wing politics in the 1960s attracted primarily middle-class college students The Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) founded at the University of Michigan in 1960, was the organizational base for the New Left. Leaders of the SDS believed that colleges were a natural base from which to promote social change Before opposition to the Vietnam War exploded, issues that touched on student freedom, such as dress codes, course requirements, discrimination by sororities and fraternities, and minority admissions, were hot topics on campus When the administration tried to control political activity at the University of California at Berkeley in the fall of 1964, the Free Speech Movement was formed The tactics the Berkeley students used at the time — sit-ins and taking over college buildings — became common forms of antiwar protest In the spring of 1965, SDS supported a nationwide campaign against the draft On campuses, demonstrations included draft card burnings, confrontations with military recruiters, and sit-ins...
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...said, “A genuine leader is not a searcher for consensus but a molder of consensus.” Martin Luther King was a civil rights activist who wanted better treatment and opportunities for black people. Throughout his fight, the civil rights activist displayed characteristics and actions that made him the perfect person to guide the African American people towards equality. The leader of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference was able to unite a divided nation at a time in which racial tension was at its peak. Through his words and actions, Martin Luther King was able to influence movements that derived long after his departure. One movement that was inspired by the actions of Martin Luther King is the anti-government...
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...unchanged while commodity prices had risen by 50%. Illegal strikes had already occurred throughout the period of dictatorship, but strikes increased rapidly due to general economic discontent. The first nine months of 1973, before the 14th October, saw a total of 40 strikes, and a one-month strike at the Thai Steel Company resulted in victory due to a high level of solidarity from other workers. Economic development also resulted in a massive expansion of student numbers and an increased intake of students from working-class backgrounds. The building of the Ramkamhaeng Open University in 1969 was a significant factor here. Student numbers in higher education increased from 15,000 in 1961 to 50,000 by 1972. The new generation of students, in the early 1970s, were influenced by the revolts and revolutions which occurred throughout the world in that period, May 1968 in Paris, being a prime example. Before that, in 1966 the radical journal, Social Science Review, was established by progressive intellectuals. Students started to attend volunteer development camps in the countryside...
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...It is hard to imagine that being a long history of civilianization and the second economic group country is bottom seventh. How did china form its constitution and become the way people just have few freedom of speech? As known to us, China has a long history that is almost five thousand years. Generally speaking, one dynasty ends and other dynasty begins. The last dynasty is Qing dynasty which end in 1911. Sun Yat-sen who is the first president and founding father of the Republic of China leads a revolution to overthrow Qing dynasty. He makes up a new government and announces the Three People's Principles (Nationalism, Democracy, the People's Livelihood). Democracy tells people the freedom of speech and press, association and demonstration. The nationalist party was defeated by communist party....
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...Civil Disorder By Kevin Penn CRJS305 Unit 2 ~ IP American InterContinental University February 21, 2013 Abstract In this assignment I will be looking at and giving examples of three totally different types of and yet still civil disorder researching and describing what happens when a situation with civil disorder happens within the United States, what plans are in place and how civil disorder is handled in this country. I will look at the different countries of China, and Saudi Arabia, as to how they handle civil disorder as well as show their contrasting methods of handling civil disorder. I feel that it is imperative that I will give a little history to each of the countries that I have chosen to show how their methods of dealing with and handling civil disorder have come about today. In closing I will show the similarities that all the countries have in common as well as make a brief statement on the country that I feel holds the civil rights of people closest to the United States. The United States (U.S.) would deal with problems related to civil order control in two or three different ways depending on the size of the civil disorder. In a worst case scenario; in order for the United States to maintain civil order and control they must use The United States Civil Disturbance Plan (Operation Garden Plot). The...
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...paste your answers to the student comments box in 1.07 and submit for grading. For each of the following four cases, explain why you would either approve or disapprove the proposed research experiments. Evaluate each proposal based on the four main principles of ethical research provided in this lesson. Every research experiment must follow all four principles to be considered ethical. Copy and paste your answer only for each case to the student comments section of 1.07 and submit for grading. It is not enough to just approve or deny, you must also Case 1: The Psychology Department is requesting permission from your committee to use 10 rats per semester for demonstrations in a physiological psychology class. The students will work in groups of three: each group will be given a rat. The students will first perform surgery on the rats. Each animal with be anesthetized. Following standard surgical procedures, an incision will be made in the scalp and two holes drilled in the animal's skull. Electrodes will be lowered into the brain to create lesions on each side. The animals will then be allowed to recover. Several weeks later, the effects of destroying this part of the animal's brain will be tested in a shuttle avoidance task in which animals will learn when to cross over an electrified grid. The instructor admits the procedure is a common demonstration and that no new information will be gained from the experiment. She argues, however, that students taking a course in psychology...
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...were in the search of their identities while struggling to balance the importance of their immigrant roots with their integrity to America. The second or even third generation of young immigrants gradually became involved in this cause by getting involved in various movements mostly lead by college students. Indeed, College Campuses were the most favorable environments for youth activism since it represented a place where people from different religious and cultural backgrounds came together to strive for a common goal of being successful in life through academic enrichment. One particularly interesting youth activist group was the Asian American Political Alliance (AAPA) born in Berkeley in 1969. Based on the example of the AAPA , this paper will first analyze the goals and reasons that motivated the youth to take action, and then describe the means and tactics used. Finally, it will show the impact that the movement had on the American society through a cross-cultural comparison of the movement with another example from overseas. The Asian American Political Alliance (AAPA) was founded by two UC Berkeley students Yuji Ichioka and Emma Gee who gathered asian americans students together to help them combat the oppression and fight for the restoration of their history and heritage...
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...Numerous prominent Civil Rights Activists have been born in the Month of February, and many meaningful demonstrations took place during february during the civil rights movement. Because of these reasons, this month has been dedicated to acknowledging Black history. One significant African American Activist and Feminist is Faith Ringgold. Faith Ringgold was born in Harlem, New york city, New York, on october eighth, 1930, and has a powerful story of her upbringing the provides her arts and crafts with inspiration, and pride of her identity. Faith’s mother was a fashion designer, and taught Faith how to quilt, a craft that has been in her family more than a hundred years. At the time Women-especially african american women-were seen as incapable...
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...but he also realized that, without organization and long-range strategy, spontaneous energy easily dissipates. Planned, well-organized boycotts played a major role throughout all phases of the civil rights movement. On February 1st 1960, four Black college freshmen sat down at a whites-only lunch counter at Woolworths in Greensboro, North Carolina. The sit-in movement was born. Supported by Dr. King, SNCC (the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee) called for a boycott of Woolworths, "a nation-wide campaign of selective buying." Pickets went up throughout the country. White students in the North were eager to support the civil rights movement. The national boycott provided a vehicle for their pent-up energy and creativity. They put up posters, set up pickets, devised new chants, sang songs in front of stores, and turned shoppers into activists for civil rights. Some of the students who participated in the boycott later became founders of Students for a Democratic Society, a massive nation-wide student organization committed to participatory democracy. Students are more easily aroused and energized by direct action than by electoral campaigns for pre-selected candidates. The vitality of the civil rights movement was due in part to its independence from the confines and self-censorship of electoral politics. Under the leadership of Dr. King, the civil rights movement kept the initiative and put the supporters of the status quo on the defensive. The boycotts enabled millions...
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...various different tactics used by these animal rights groups. They range from raising awareness, to lobbying to public demonstrations, against institutions which have taken advantage of helpless animals. Public demonstrations were the most effective. 1 Hurt Fido and Suffer the Consequences: Tactics and Impacts of the Animal Rights Movement “I care not much for a man’s religion whose dog and cat are not the better for it”- said Abraham Lincoln. Animals are abused around the world, in circuses they are used in tricks. The American Museum of Natural History inflicted male cat’s brains with lesions to give the cat sexual urges for other species. The best known animal rights movement in the world is, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) which was founded in March, 1980, in Norfolk, Virginia by Ingrid Newirk and Alex Pacheco. The Animal Liberation Front, founded in 1976, by Ronnie Lee, has received the reputation of being the most violent organization when saving animal, along with, Progressive Animal Welfare Society (PAWS) and the Trans-Species Unlimited (TSU) the Coalition to End Animal Suffering and Exploitation (CEASE) and the Society for The Prevention to Animals (SPCA). Tactics used by these organizations include of lobbying, violent demonstrations, raising awareness and petitions. Along these, the most useful tactics were demonstrations and protests forcing institutions to change their methods of working with animals. Some organizations...
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...PROMOTING BAD STATISTICS. Society | March 01, 2001 | Best, Joel In contemporary society, social problems must compete for attention. To the degree that one problem gains media coverage, moves to the top of politicians' agendas, or becomes the subject of public concern, others will be neglected. Advocates find it necessary to make compelling cases for the importance of particular social problems. They choose persuasive wording and point to disturbing examples, and they usually bolster their case with dramatic statistics. Statistics have a fetish-like power in contemporary discussions about social problems. We pride ourselves on rational policy making, and expertise and evidence guide our rationality Statistics become central to the process: numbers evoke science and precision; they seem to be nodules of truth, facts that distill the simple essence of apparently complex social processes. In a culture that treats facts and opinions as dichotomous terms, numbers signify truth--what we call "hard facts." In virtually every debate about social problems, statistics trump "mere opinion." Yet social problems statistics often involve dubious data. While critics occasionally call some number into question, it generally is not necessary for a statistic to be accurate--or even plausible--in order to achieve widespread acceptance. Advocates seeking to promote social problems often worry more about the processes by which policy makers, the press, and the public come to focus on particular...
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...They demanded to drop the Gym from being constructed and let the community, not the administration, decide what to do with their land. Students demanded that the University should detach all the relations with the Institute for Defense Analysis, which developed counterinsurgency projects for domestic and foreign use. This would help in utilizing the university’s resources for better purposes. Also, the illegitimate authorities who favored the outside parties (Trustees) created the laws which judged the students. This resulted to another reason for their protest. Another important demand for their protest was the call for a permanent student-faculty commission, which would be democratically chosen and which would hear and pass conclusive judgments for all future disciplinary actions. Furthermore, the striking students also demanded that the University conduct all the judicial proceedings in open hearings with due process before a bipartite jury of students and faculty. They thought that the panel, which would judge only the students, leaving the faculty and trustees immune is unjust, and all members of the university are subject to rules and discipline. From all these demands, it could be concluded that the single main theme for the protest was “the struggle for...
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...radical idea to one may not seems so to the other. The contrasting ideas of both nonviolent activists and activists who believe violence is inevitable if not necessary in the Civil Rights Movement, emphasizes the idea that nonviolence is key to one understanding...
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