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Taspen Cooperative

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PENDAHULUAN Koperasi Karyawan Taspen merupakan objek yang kami observasi. Kami memulai observasi di Koperasi Karyawan Taspen pada Jumat, 16 Mei 2014. Dalam observasi pertama ini kami mewawancarai Ketua Pengurus Koperasi periode transisi 2014, Bapak Jusmaidi. Periode transisi di sini merupakan keadaan di mana Koperasi Karyawan Taspen mengadakan pembenahan manajemen yang dikarenakan anggaran yang defisit. Hal tersebut sebagian besar terjadi karena adanya perbedaan visi antara Ketua Koperasi yang lama dengan yang baru. Visi Ketua Koperasi yang lama merupakan memaksimalkan kepuasan anggota. Sementara, visi Ketua Koperasi yang baru lebih berorientasi pada keuntungan daripada kepuasan anggota.Selain itu, anggaran yang defisit terjadi karena banyaknya peminjam yang gagal bayar, salah satu penyebabnya mutasi pekerjaan. Koperasi Karyawan Taspen merupakan koperasi primer yang juga menjadi faktor penghambat dalam proses penagihan piutang anggota. Pada observasi kedua, pada hari Rabu, 21 Mei 2014, kami kembali melakukan observasi dan wawancara dengan Bapak Jusmaidi dan Bapak Koeswin. Dengan adanya narasumber lain, diharapkan observasi ini akan mendapat hasil yang lebih baik karena mendapatkan informasi dari sudut pandang yang berbeda.

Profil Perusahaan
Nama Perusahaan : Koperasi Karyawan Taspen
Tahun berdiri : Kopkar berdiri pada tanggal 12 juli 1994
Tujuan didirikan : Mensejahterakan anggota
Alamat : Jl. Letjen Suprapto, Kec. Cempaka Putih, Jakarta Pusat

Bagian Fira, lanjutan
Planning
Karena Koperasi Karyawan Taspen sedang mengalami anggaran yang defisit, planning yang direncanakan di sini adalah planning dalam rangka pembenahan. Berdasarkan narasumber, yaitu Bapak Jusmaidi, planning yang akan dilaksanakan, antara lain:
1. Konsolidasi
Konsolidasi dalam Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, diartikan sebagai perbuataan (hal, dan sebagainya ) memperteguh atau memperkuat ( perhubungan, persatuan, dan sebagainya). Berdasarkan pengertian tersebut maka konsolidasi diartikan sebagai penguatan atau peneguhan keanggotaan anggota – anggota masyarakat dalam kelompok – kelompok sosial melaui tumpah – tindih keanggotaan.
Konsolidasi yang dilakukan di Koperasi Karyawan Taspen adalah penyempurnaan sistem dan empowering employees, seperti pelatihan pengurus dan training. Penyempurnaan sistem di sini lebih menekankan pada kemudahan akses sistem informasi berbasis internet.Empowering employeesdi sini lebih menekankan pada kenaikan produktivitas karyawan.
2. Rescheduling
Rescheduling dalam konteks ini adalah menambah jangka waktu pelunasan pinjaman untuk memperkecil jumlah cicilan per bulan. Contohnya, karyawan A seharusnya jatuh tempo pelunasan pada Mei 2014. Akan tetapi, setelah adanya rescheduling, masa jatuh tempo ditambah menjadi Mei 2015 sehingga jumlah sisa cicilan per bulan Karyawan A berkurang.
3. Peminjaman dana dari pihak ketiga
Pinjaman dari pihak ketiga sebagai berikut
1. BPD Jogja
2. BPRS
3. Danamon
4. BSN
Dengan rate 7-9%
Lama masa pinjaman 3 tahun

4. Permohonan dukungan dan fasilitas dari Manajemen Taspen
Diharapkan untuk semua bagian koperasi peduli dan tanggap terhadap kondisi terkini koperasi. Hak-hak pengurus diberikan selama masa transisi.
Di dalampengambilankeputusan, para pemimpinterlebihdahulumendiskusikanpermasalahan yang adadengansesamapengurus. Tujuannyaadalahuntukmengetahuipenyebabdaripermasalahanitusendiridansetelahmengetahuinya para pemimpinmencaricarabagaimanamenyelesaikanpermasalahantersebut. Setelahitu, keputusan yang adakemudiandikonsultasikankembalidengancaramemintapendapatbadanpengawasdanjugamemintanasihatdaripembina.

Organizing
1. Design of organizational structure work specialization and chain of command
Koperasi Karyawan Taspen memiliki struktur organisasi yang dapat digambarkan dalam bagan sebagai berikut: Fungsi yang ada di koperasi ini yang berjalan antara lain:
1. Seksi usaha
Seksi Usaha Koperasi mempunyai tugas pokok melaksanakan penyusunan bahan kebijakan teknis dan melaksanakan fasilitasi usaha koperasi. Dalam menyelenggarakan tugas pokok sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1), Seksi Usaha Koperasi mempunyai fungsi :
 pelaksanaan penyusunan bahan kebijakan teknis usaha koperasi
 pelaksanaan penyusunan standard operasional dan prosedur usaha koperasi
 pelaksanaan penumbuhan dan penguatan usaha koperasi
 pelaksanaan penyusunan bahan dan fasilitasi lingkup usaha koperasi.
Rincian Tugas Seksi Usaha Koperasi :
 melaksanakan penyusunan program kerja Seksi Usaha Koperasi
 melaksanakan penyusunan bahan kebijakan teknis usaha koperasi
 melaksanakan fasilitasi lingkup usaha koperasi
 melaksanakan pengolahan data dan informasi usaha koperasi
 melaksanakan telaahan staf sebagai bahan pertimbangan pengambilan kebijakan
 melaksanakan pelaporan dan evaluasi kegiatan Seksi Usaha Koperasi
 melaksanakan koordinasi dengan unit kerja terkait
 melaksanakan tugas lain sesuai dengan tugas pokok dan fungsinya.

2. Seksi keuangan
Sub Bagian Keuangan mempunyai tugas :
 Menghimpun dan menyusun Rencana Kerja Anggaran (RKA) dan Dokumen
 Pelaksanaan Anggaran (DPA);
 Melakukan pengelolaan keuangan anggaran dinas;
 Mengurus pembayaran gaji, keuangan perjalanan dinas dan keuangan lainnya;
 Menyusun dan menyiapkan laporan pertanggungjawaban keuangan;
 Melaksanakan tugas-tugas lain yang diberikan oleh Sekretaris

2. Types of organizational structure implemented by the organization mechanistic organic
Koperasi Karyawan Taspen dalam hal ini dapat dikategorikan sebagai organisasi yang bersifat organik, dimana organisasi organik, yaitu suatu struktur yang amat adaptif dan fleksibel. Organisasi organik bisa jadi memiliki pekerjaan terspesialisasi, namun pekerjaan tersebut tidak terstandarisasi dan bisa berubah sesuai kebutuhan. Dalam koperasi taspen, terlihat dengan jelas bahwa para karyawannya tidak ter-rekruitmen dengan suatu standar karena hanya terlihat unsur nepotisme saja. Organisasi organik dicirikan dengan Proses kepemimpinan mencakup persepsi keyakinan dan kepercayaan antara atasan dan bawahan dalam segala persoalan sehingga bawahan merasa bebas mendiskusikan masalah dengan atasan. Proses interaksi bersifat terbuka dan ekstensif, Proses pengambilan keputusan dilaksanakan disemua tingkatan melalui proses kelompok, proses penyusunan tujuan mendorong timbulnya partisipasi kelompok untuk menetapkan sasaran yang tinggi, Proses kendali menyebar keseluruh organisasi dan menekankan pemecahan masalah dan pengendalian diri sendiri.
3. Organizational design implemented by the company, tradisional, or contemporary
Koperasi karyawan taspen dapat dikategorikan sebagai organisasi yang masih bersifat tradisional, yang diwujudkan dalam hal sebagai berikut:
 Koperasi hanya memberikan hak suara kepada satu orang tidak tergantung partisipasi anggota dalam kegiatan koperasi
 Dalam koperasi hanya berandalkan kuantitas tanpa menunjukan kualitas yang maksimal, sehingga kurang mendapat perhatian dan simpati dari masyarakat, yang sebenarnya sangat dibutuhkan koperasi sebagai badan usaha yang diamanatkan Negara.
 Pelayanan yang diberikan oleh koperasi tradisional bersifat pasif, terlihat dari kinerja karyawan koperasi yang pasif dan hanya mengikuti perintah dari atasan saja.
 Kebijaksanaan yang dianut koperasi tradisional bersifat sentralisasi, terlihat dari komando tertinggi dipegang oleh ketua pengurus koperasi itu sendiri.
 Pengelolaan koperasi diorganisir berdasarkan wilayah (hanya berada di dalam kantor taspen). Hal ini membatasi gerak perkembangan koperasi.
 Kebijaksanaan personalia dalam seleksi dan penerimaan tidak berdasarkan yang terbaik. Koperasi taspen menerima karyawannya bukan dari proses suatu wawancara dan tes, melainkan hanya berasal dari titipan keluarga yang merupakan karyawan yang bekerja di kantor taspen tersebut (kolegalitas yang tinggi), sehingga kualitas dari karyawannya pun tidak diperhitungkan.
 Dalam koperasi taspen, mutu dan cara kerja karyawan terikat pada status quo dan masa lalu. Maksudnya adalah para karyawan bekerja hanya mengikuti “tauladan” dari atasannya, sehingga dinilai dapat menghambat kreatifitas karyawan.

4. Employee selection, recruitment process, and employee training.
Seperti yang sudah dijelaskan sebelumnya, karena koperasi ini masih bersifat tradisional, sehingga dalam perekrutan karyawannya tidak mengalami suatu proses (wawancara, tes tertulis dsb). Koperasi memilih karyawannya hanya dari titipan karyawan yang bekerja di kantor taspen itu sendiri. Dari sini terlihat bahwa koperasi taspen mengandung unsur nepotispe tanpa melihat kualitas dari pemilihan karyawan koperasi. Meskipun demikian, koperasi terkadang memberikan training kepada karyawannya, seperti

Leading Bagian tiwi
1. Hambatan berkomunikasi? Contoh?
2. Emosi ketika berkomunikasi? Contoh?
3. Cara mengatasi hambatan?

Pak Jusmaidi dan Kuswin mengatakan tidak ada hambatan dalam berkomunkasi.

4. Komunikasi dengan pihak luar? Menggunakan internet?
5. Bagian yang mengelola ? mengenai perihal apa saja?? Bagaimana menyampaikan informasi ke seluruh pengurus?

Komunikasi dengan pihak luar diadakan dengan pihak ketiga pemberi dana, vendor pemasok barang dagang koperasi.
Bagian yang mengelola adalah sekretaris, jabatan pak Kuswin.
Informasi yang disampaikan pada masa transisi ini lebih menekankan pada informasi dana yang ditawarkan pihak ketiga (bank) dengan suku bunga rendah.
Informasi desampaikan setiap 3 bulan sekali pada Rapat rutin 3 bulanan.

6. Pemimpin menunjukkan inisiatif kerja ga?
7. Leadershipnya? Kemauan dan tanggung jawab ditunjukkan seperti apa?

Jawaban dari Pak Kuswin:
Iya, ketua yang sekarang memiliki program-program yang mensejahterakan anggota. Pengurus diberikan pelatihan dan training agar servis yang diberikan memuaskan. Website yang sedang dipersiapkan untuk digunakan juga sudah bagus dan sudah menapat dukungan dari pihak luar yang memberikan pelayangan teknologi informasi (dalam rangka pembuatan dan pembenahan website).
Untuk kegiatan usaha, barang dagang sudah dipesan dan tinggal menunggu waktu penjualan kembali.
8. Ketua pengurus menunjukkan sisi demokratis saat membuat keputusan?

Iya, beliau sangat menghargai masukkan dari rapat anggota. Setelah menerima semua masukan, beliau akan mengambil jalan tengah yang tidak hanya akan memihak pada satu sisi saja. Beliau sangat bijaksana dalam membuat keputusan.

9. Demokratis?
Iya. Jawaban no 9

10. Pemimpin lebih cenderung ke mana?? Ke people oriented atau struktur kerja??

Untuk ketua yang sekarang (Jusmaidi) lebih ke struktur kerja. Semua keputusan diutamakan untuk produktivitas kerja. Mungkin karena saat ini kami masih dalam tahap pembenahan.

11. Orientasi karyawan atau produksi?
Lebih ke produksi. Jawaban no 10.

Controling bagian niken

1. Dengan kondisi defisit, kontrol terhadap keuangan bagaimana? Caranya?
Pengeluaran uang hanya diperbolehkan melalui bank. Untuk pengambilan kas di kantor, harus melalui persetujuan bendahara dan harus ada bukti tertulis. Begitu pula setiap pengambilan barang non cash harus melalui persetujuan bank atau bendara dan ada bukti pngambilan.

2. Kontrol planning?
Karena planning yang dibuat pada masa transisi ini dibutuhkan untuk pembenahan manajemen koperasi. Salah satu kontrol yang dilakukan untuk mengawasi planning adalah melakukan pemisahan fungsi antara fungsi masukan dan keluaran. Contoh, fungsi penerimaan dana akan dibedakan dengan fungsi pengeluaran. Fungsi kasir akan dibedakan dengan fungsi pencatatan, begitu pula fungsi pencatatan dibedakan fungsi pengeluaran.

3. Kontrol pengurus? Secara normatif maupun behavioral??
Kontrol terhadap pengurus dilakukan oleh Dewan Pengawas dengan melakukan audit setahun sekali. Secara normatif, semua ada di UU yang mengatur tentang koperasi. Untuk implementasinya, dengan menjalankan sistem dan kebijakan yang dibuat, menjalankan prosedur sesuai persetujuan RAT.

4. Management by Walking around? Blusukan??
Tidak sering dilakukan. Akan tetapi, sekali-kali butuh dilakukan untuk konfirmasi dan meyakini bahwa semua kegiatan berjalan sesuai prosedur.

5. Setelah ketua mengontrol pengurus, feedback yang didapatkan dari pengurus?

Feedback yang didapatkan berupa laporan dan informasi terkini terkait produktivitas kerja koperasi.

6. Kontrol informasi?
7. Semua pengurus tau responsibility-nya?
8. Cara penyampaiannya??
Karena program kerja sudah ada dan siap digunakan, maka informsi tersebut sudah siap disebarkan ke selurug pengurus. Diadakan check list untuk pelaksanaan informasi dan jobdesk semua pengurus terlaksana. Bagian yang mengelola adalah sekretaris, jabatan pak Kuswin. Informasi yang disampaikan pada masa transisi ini lebih menekankan pada informasi dana yang ditawarkan pihak ketiga (bank) dengan suku bunga rendah. Informasi desampaikan setiap 3 bulan sekali pada Rapat rutin 3 bulanan.

9. Kontrol ke anggota?
Berupa penertiban iuran, meneliti daftar piutang yang dapat ditagih dan tetap melakukan penagihan cicilan.

10. Kontrol dari luar (Pihak manajemen Taspen)?
Ada. Contoh terdekatnya adalah pendelegasian Bapak Jusmaidi untuk mengatur ulang manajemen koperasi yang menyebabkan koperasi defisit.

11. Kontrol terhadap budaya organisasi dan attitude pengurus??
Perlu dimaksimalkan untuk menambah produktivitas kerja.

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