Premium Essay

Teams and Individuals

In:

Submitted By tomwingham
Words 1761
Pages 8
Managing the Work of Teams and Individuals

Thomas Wingham
8th December 2011

Contents * Introduction * Groupthink * Causes * Remedies * General Group Problem Solving (GGPS) Model * Risky Shift Phenomenon * Causes * Remedies * Conclusion * Recommendations * Reference List * Appendices

Introduction
In this report there will be an evaluation of Groupthink. Janis eight causes of Groupthink and what the remedies are. Aldag and Fuller’s model of groupthink and how it is different from Janis’s model. There will also be an evaluation of Risky Shift Phenomenon, this will include the causes and the remedies of Risky Shift Phenomenon.

Groupthink
Irving Janis says Groupthink occurs when “a group makes faulty decisions because group pressures lead to a deterioration of “mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment”” (Janis, pg 9.)

Groupthink - Causes
According to Janis there are eight causes of Groupthink. Illusion of invulnerability; creates too much confidence that encourages extreme risks. Collective rationalization; members warned about something but do not take any notice. Belief in inherent morality; members believe in their goal and ignore all moral consequences. Stereotyped views of out-groups; negative views of enemy make effective responses to conflict seem unnecessary. Direct pressure on dissenters; members cannot argue with group views without being under pressure. Self-censorship; deviations from group consensus are not expressed. Illusion of unanimity; the majority views of the group are assumed to be unanimous. Self-appointed ‘mindguards’; members protect the leader and the group from information that is problematic. (Janis, pg 445.)

Groupthink – Remedies
According to Janis there are ways to avoid groupthink happening, the group need to be aware of the cause’s of

Similar Documents

Free Essay

Developing Individual and Teams

...Developing Individual and Teams Task 3 Ayhan UYSAL 16 November 2011 MAN1 CONTENTS 1. Introduction Page 3 1.1. Introduction Page 3 2. Findings Page 4 2.1. Competition Page 4 2.2. Staff Turnover Page 4 2.3. New Booking System Page 5 3. Conclusion and Recommendation Page 5 3.1. Conclusion Page 5 3.2. Recommendation Page 5 Company Structure Page 6 1. Introduction 1.1. Introduction This report has been prepared in response to a demand to report with regard to recommendations to determine training needs. The Ardnamurchan View Hotel’s organisational goals for this year were set as below; - To increase off-peak season turnover by at least 20% in 2012-2013 - To reduce staff turnover by at least 10% over the next 18 months - To fully integrate our booking software with external websites in the midst of 2012 Training is essential to reach organisational goals. My team has now identified three main issues that may affect the hotel’s current and future performance. First one is competition. The Executive Chef draw attention to local competitors, they upgraded their restaurant for providing a gourmet-standard menu. If we give training our staff in this area by setting standards and upgrading current menu to gourmet-standard menu, we can reduce and eliminate our seasonality problem by attracting local customers to go to restaurant to dine in winter. Second one is staff turnover...

Words: 860 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Turn Individuals Into Team Players

...manager have to turn individuals into Team Players? Discuss each. Let’s begin with the definition of team: A team is two or more people who combine their talents and abilities to achieve a specific goal or strings of goals. Also, a team, by definition, is made up people who are different only in their areas of skill and who are equal when they sit down together as a work group, although all teams are groups, not all groups are teams. Team players can make a difference to the effectiveness of an organization. A team is formed to take advantage of the power of synergy. Synergy means that the total is greater than the addition of its components. For example, let’s say that a group of four will individually produce for units, the four individuals may produce six or seven or even more units of work when they work as a team (American Management Association, 2006). Moreover, an organization can be kept running and maximize profits if there is team work. A team is a group whose individual efforts result in a performance that is greater than the sum of the individual inputs. A team player is an individual that can be relied on to do his or her part of the work and be relied on to complete tasks and work cooperatively with others. Team players must possess complementary competence, committed to a common purpose to work together and accountable for doing any work that contribute to achieving organizational goals. These are considered as characteristics of team players. Any manager in...

Words: 2531 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

Individual Reflection on Team Experience

...Introduction: Individual Reflection on Team Experience Today in many industries and organizations group/team work is a tool for effective achievement of organizational goals. Understanding the way groups develop and how they impact organizational success is important to the effective use of groups in organizations. One of the most common models to describe how groups develop was described by Tuckman. Tuckman studied group development as it was seen in group therapy. This was then extrapolated to involve the development of all groups and teams that exist in areas such as those seen in organizations. In 1966, Tucker proposed that group development progressed through four identifiable stages which were named forming, storming, norming and performing. The Tuckman model for the stages of group development is one of the most cited models in the business world. Over the years there were other studies that also agreed that groups go through stages and they had identified that there appeared to be an “ending” stage as well. In 1977 Tuckman with Jensen reviewed who the stages of group development had evolved over the years since his first proposal of the stages of group development and in response to other studies they added a final stage of group development which the called adjourning (Tuckman & Jensen, 1977). The adjourning stage will not be reviewed in this paper since there was no real adjourning stage with this group. Another model for group development is the punctuated equilibrium...

Words: 3774 - Pages: 16

Premium Essay

Individual and Team-Level Antecedents of Top Management Team Behavioral Integration

...1 - Introduction The influence of top management team (TMT) on organizational behavior and outcomes is one of the most widely studied relationships in strategic management. Since Hambrick and Mason’s (1984) seminal article on organization’s “upper echelons”, organizations and strategy researchers have tried to establish a relationship between top management team demographic characteristics and firm outcomes. However, empirical results have been inconsistent. Certo, Lester, Dalton and Dalton (2006), after conducting a meta-analysis of several studies, found modest support for a direct relationship between TMT demographic indicators and firm performance, but indicated moderating influences. Hambrick (1994) provided the main argument against TMT research based on demographic characteristics. According to him, this line of inquiry pays “too little attention to the actual mechanisms that serve to convert group characteristics into organization outcomes” (p. 185). Recent research on strategic leadership, trying to overcome these mixed findings, has begun to change focus away form TMT characteristics and concentrate on the processes underlying TMT decision making (functioning) such as comprehensiveness, consensus, social integration, conflict and decision speed (Certo et al., 2006). Lubatkin et al. (2006) and Carmeli and Schaubroeck (2006) present good examples that, when processes were measured directly, they were a stronger predictor of organization outcomes and performance...

Words: 1594 - Pages: 7

Premium Essay

Ntc 248 Week 5 Individual Learning Team Assignment

...NTC 248 Week 5 Individual Learning Team Assignment Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwaid.com/shop/module-2-case-supply-and-demand-assignment/ Create a 1-page network diagram showing the components and devices needed to build a simple office network based on the following scenario: • 50 employees, half Sales office and half Business office users • 2 subnets - Separate LANs within the office 30 hosts per subnet (25 employees, 1 printer and 2 servers, and 2 more available addresses. • 2 network printers, one per subnet • 1 connection to the WAN/Internet • One core router with 2 Ethernet interfaces (one for each existing subnet) and one Serial for WAN • Each subnet using one switch for all hosts • Plan for growth for up to 6 subnets - which do not need to be in the diagram Identify the different collision and broadcast domains on your network diagram. In your diagram, draw a green circle around each collision domain and a red circle around each broadcast domain. Develop a subnet scheme using this address: You have been assigned an IP address and subnet mask: 192.168.111.0 /24. Plan to support two subnets, and allow for growth to as many as 6 subnets in the future. Subnet 1 (not subnet zero) will be used to provide a range of IP addresses for the Sales office users connected to a switch. The switch will connect to an Ethernet interface on the core router. Subnet 2 will be used to provide a range of IP addresses connected to the other Ethernet interface...

Words: 438 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Com 100 Week 3 Individual Small Team and Group Paper

...COM 100 Week 3 Individual Small Team and Group Paper To Buy This material Click below link http://www.uoptutors.com/com-100/com-100-week-3-individual-small-team-and-group-paper Recall a small team or group you have been a part of. Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper about your experience. Include the following: • Provide a brief description of the team or group. How many members did it include? What was its purpose? • Describe the behaviors the team or group exhibited as it went through each stage of development. • Describe a problem the team or group encountered. What steps were taken to address and solve the problem? Was the team or group able to generate a successful solution? Why or why not? • Discuss the influence that leadership–or the lack of leadership–had on the team’s or group’s ability to solve the problem. What style of leadership did the leader exhibit? What problem-solving steps were taken to resolve the situation? What steps would have produced better results? • Explain whether the team or group was effective. Support your position by discussing goals, roles, ground rules, norms, and characteristics your team or group displayed. How did these characteristics affect the team’s or group’s ability to accomplish its purpose and solve the problem it encountered? • Analyze how communication contributed to cohesiveness. Identify and address how diversity or technology affected the team or group members’ ability to communicate with one another to reach a resolution...

Words: 294 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

“Describe Three Ways in Which Teamwork Can Be of Benefit to Organizations (Give Examples) and Give Two Benefits That Individuals Might Gain from Working in Teams”

...“Describe three ways in which teamwork can be of benefit to organizations (give examples) and give two benefits that individuals might gain from working in teams” Cohen and Bailey (1997:241) defined team work as: - “ A team is a collection of individuals who are independent in their tasks, who share responsibility for outcomes, who see themselves and who are seen by others as an intact social entity embedded in one or more larger systems” (cited in King and Lawley 2013). Teamwork is a vital part of running an organization, which is why most of the companies encourage employees to attend team building trainings. The collaborative work is considered to be beneficial for both organizations and individuals, who participate. Firstly, companies benefit from a larger generation of innovative ideas by encouraging collaboration working between employees. Stella Cotrell (2013) identifies that by encouraging people to work together, the group will benefit from different points of view that build up from dissimilar experiences and backgrounds. Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak are one of the most wellknown examples of successful teamwork, where “the childlike inventor and the mercurial, product-crazy shark”(Strauss 2012) got together and built a revolutionary tech company, which is considered to be leading company amongst direct customer related businesses. Moreover, it is believed that encouragement of teamwork reduces labor turnover and at the end improved retention. Vroom...

Words: 1115 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Fin 515 Uop, Fin 515 Phoenix, Fin 515 Uophelp, Fin 515 Week 3, Fin 515 Individual Assignment , Fin 515 Learning Team Assignment, Fin 515 Product, Fin 515 a Graded , Fin 515 Summary, Fin 515 Study Guide, Fin 515

...FIN 515 UOP, FIN 515 Phoenix, FIN 515 UOPhelp, FIN 515 Week 3, FIN 515 Individual Assignment , FIN 515 Learning team Assignment, FIN 515 Product, FIN 515 A Graded , FIN 515 Summary, FIN 515 Study Guide, FIN 515 Questions , FIN 515 Answered , FIN 515 Solution, FIN 515 Final Guide, FIN 515 Final Exam, FIN 515 A++ Work, FIN 515 A Graded, FIN 515 Homework, FIN 515 help, FIN 515 week 1 DQ, FIN 515 week 2 DQ, FIN 515 week 3DQ, FIN 515 week 4 DQ, FIN 515 week 5DQ, FIN 515 week 6 DQ, FIN 515 week 1 Assignment, FIN 515 week 2 Assignment, FIN 515 week 3Assignment, FIN 515 week 4 Assignment, FIN 515 week 5 Assignment, FIN 515 All Individual and Learning Team Assignments, FIN 515 Full Course , FIN 515 Whole Class FIN 515 Entire Solution, FIN 515 University of Phoenix Learning Team Assignment, FIN 515 Checkpoint, FIN 515 All Weeks , FIN 515 Week 1-5, FIN 515 Axia College, FIN 515 online class, FIN 515 week 3DQ, FIN 515 week 4 DQ, FIN 515 week 5DQ, FIN 515 Syllabus, FIN 515 Version, FIN 515 Week 1, FIN 515 Week 2, FIN 515 Week 3, FIN 515 Week 4, FIN 515 Week 5, FIN 515 week 1 DQ, FIN 515 week 2 DQ,, FIN 515 week 2 Assignment, FIN 515 week 3Assignment, FIN 515 week 4 Assignment, FIN 515 Week 1-6, FIN 515 Assignment, FIN 515 DQs, FIN 515 Week, FIN 515 Complete Course, FIN 515 Entire Class, FIN 515 Whole Tutorial, FIN 515 Work, FIN 515 final Project, FIN 515 Material, FIN 515 tutorial, FIN 515 Complete Course...

Words: 408 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Hcs 325 (Health Care Management) Complete Course

...urse/ HCS 325 Week 1 HCS 325 Week 1 Individual Roles and Functions Paper HCS 324 Week 2 HCS 325 Week 2 Individual Effective Communication Paper HCS 325 Week 2 Team Organizational Structure Presentation Audience and Action Plan Part I HCS 325 Week 3 HCS 325 Week 3 Individual Importance of Teams HCS 325 Week 3 Team Organizational Structure Presentation Communication Methods HCS 325 Week 3 Team Organizational Structure Presentation Formal Bibliography HCS 325 Week 4 HCS 325 Week 4 Individual Motivational Methods Paper HCS 325 Week 4 Team Organizational Structure Presentation Action Plan, Part II HCS 325 Week 5 HCS 325 Week 5 Team Organizational Structure Presentation HCS 325 (Health Care Management) Complete Course https://hwguiders.com/downloads/hcs-325-health-care-management-complete-course/ HCS 325 Week 1 HCS 325 Week 1 Individual Roles and Functions Paper HCS 324 Week 2 HCS 325 Week 2 Individual Effective Communication Paper HCS 325 Week 2 Team Organizational Structure Presentation Audience and Action Plan Part I HCS 325 Week 3 HCS 325 Week 3 Individual Importance of Teams HCS 325 Week 3 Team Organizational Structure Presentation Communication Methods HCS 325 Week 3 Team Organizational Structure Presentation Formal Bibliography HCS 325 Week 4 HCS 325 Week 4 Individual Motivational Methods Paper HCS 325 Week 4 Team Organizational Structure Presentation Action...

Words: 2625 - Pages: 11

Free Essay

Organizational Behavior

...|Unit title: |EFSM14 - Manage the performance of teams and individuals to achieve objectives (MCI C13 – amended) | |Element titles: |14.1 Allocate and delegate work to teams and individuals | | |14.2 Agree objectives and work plans with teams and individuals | | |14.3 Assess the performance of teams and individuals | | |14.4 Provide feedback to teams and individuals on their performance | | |14.5 Resolve performance issues with teams and individuals | |Scope of this unit | |This unit is about making the best use of your team and its members so that they can achieve your organisation’s objectives. It covers allocating work, | |agreeing objectives, and setting out plans and methods of working. It also involves monitoring and evaluating the work of your team and its members and | |providing feedback to them on their performance. ...

Words: 2118 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Acc 561 Accounting Week 1 to 6, Assignment, Wilyplus, Dq, Final

...ACC 561 Accounting Week 1 to 6, Assignment, WilyPLUS, DQ, Final Purchase here http://homeworkonestop.com/ACC%20561/acc-561-accounting-week-1-to-6-assignment-wilyplus-dq-final Product Description ACC 561 Accounting WEEK 1 Individual Assignment, Financial Statement Review Paper Individual Assignment, Wileyplus BE1-7, BE1-8, BE1-9 Discussion Question 1 and 2 WEEK 2 Individual Assignment, Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Individual Assignment, Wileyplus E13-5, E13-6, E13-8, E13-9 Learning Team Summary Learning Team Reflection Discussion Question 1 and 2 WEEK 3 Individual Assignment, American Corporation Analysis Individual Assignment, Wileyplus BE15-5, E16-1, E17-9 Discussion Question 1 and 2 WEEK 4 Individual Assignment, WileyPLUS BYP17-2 Managerial Analysis Individual Assignment, Wileyplus BE18-1, BE18-7, BE18-11, E19-2 Learning Team Summary Learning Team Reflection Discussion Question 1 and 2 WEEK 5 Individual Assignment, Costing Methods paper Learning Team Assignment, CVP and Break-Even Analysis Paper Individual Assignment, Wileyplus E20-2, E20-5, BE21-4, E22-5 Learning Team Deliverable Discussion Question 1 and 2 WEEK 6 Individual Assignment, Wileyplus E23-1, E23-2 Learning Team Summary Learning Team Reflection ACC 561 Final Exam WileyPLUS (30 Q & A) ACC 561 Final Exam 2 (30 Q & A) ACC 561 Final Exam 3 (54 Q & A) ACC 561 Final Exam 4 (54 Q & A) ACC 561 Final Exam 5 (54 Q & A) ACC 561 Final Exam 6 (52 Q & A) ACC 561 Final Exam 7 (45...

Words: 4411 - Pages: 18

Free Essay

Army Crew Case Study

...– MBA545 The Army Crew Team Case Analysis Team Overview: This analysis is based on a crew team at West Point coached by Colonel Stas Preczewski. He has been a crewing coach for 9 years for both the Varsity and Junior Varsity Teams. This particular crew team races shells that are narrow and 60 feet long. The crew is made up of 8 rowers; one of the rowers is the “Coxswain” that steers the boat. The Coxswain is considered the leader of the team. His/Her responsibility is to carry out the strategic plan that the coach lays out. The top 8 individuals are chosen for the Varsity Team and the bottom 8 for the Junior Varsity Team. Current Situation: This sport consists of unique mental and physical attributes. The best teams have a balance of the following attributes: * Individual Strength * Rowing Technique * Psychological dimensions * Program organization Crew originated in 1856 with the first race being between Harvard and Yale. Races are typically 3.5 miles long and usually consist between 20 and 60 shells. They race against the clock instead of head to head, due to the amount of shells competing and the course. In order for a team to be successful they need to work as one. Individual strength and endurance is a key to success; however, team work is the essential success factor. If a team doesn’t work as one throughout the race, the smallest detail can inhibit them from success. Once rhythm is broken with the team, it will immediately slow...

Words: 891 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

I Am Ceo

...Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay Principle 2:Balance...

Words: 319 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Performance Appraisal System Discussion

...Performance Appraisal System Discussion – Part I Team D University of Phoenix Human Capital Management – HRM 531 Scott Beck August 30, 2010 Abstract As a group, it was discussed the means of converting an individual appraisal system into an appraisal system for team application. In discussion, the points considered include: a) differences between the two appraisal systems, b) difficulties of evaluating team performance, c) unique needs of a team appraisal system, and d) team motivations and expectations. Performance Appraisal System Discussion – Part I Learning Team D requested individual performance appraisals from each learning team member. Following a review of four submitted, it was agreed to move forward with Metin Natzli’s submission. The selected performance appraisal lends itself well to the 360 degree view approach. Each team member evaluates the team, from their own perspective, and the supervisor provides the final evaluation using the same form. Use of the standardized form allows for ease in comparison and grade compilation. The performance review measures the job-relevant strengths and weaknesses of the newly created sales team. Team members access the form electronically through Interclean’s intranet. As each team member moves through the form, answers are saved and transmitted to the supervisor upon completion. All fields require an answer prior to advancing to the next section; this ensures a thorough evaluation. Results...

Words: 965 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

The Six Team Behaviors in Project Managment

...Lakisha Archie May 17, 2015 Mang. Project Teams For Union Railroad to achieve better measurement of performance, monitoring, and motivational aspects within their team environment, they must first understand how the six key team behaviors effect the project team. The six team behaviors are: mutual trust, interdependency, accountability, valuing individual differences, transparency, learning and recognition. Each team behavior works together to help the project team reach their desired goal and gain the best performance from the team. When used properly they help to enhance the team and maximize performance. Mutual trust is an important aspect to team building and motivating the team. Each member of the team needs to understand their role on the team, while also accepting other member’s strengths’ and weaknesses. They must feel comfortable expressing how they feel about one another’s actions and decision making. When a majority of the team members feel comfortable with each other they will continuously work hard for each other. They feel safe to speak up without criticism and judgement. Interdependency is essential in order to have an effective team that works together. All team members must understand that they are all working toward the same goal. Any ideas are ideas of the team and not any one individual. The team takes ownership of everything that is presented and no person accolades are expected. There is mutual trust among the team members and they remain loyal to one another...

Words: 794 - Pages: 4