...blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing. The brain also accepts information about the world around you from your five senses. It handles physical motion when walking, standing or sitting, and it lets you think, dream, reason, and experience emotions. The brain has five key parts that work together to make your brain function; the cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem, pituitary gland, and the hypothalamus. All this fits inside your brain which is about the size of a head of cauliflower. The cerebrum is the biggest part of your brain; it makes up about 85% of your brains weight. It is the thinking part of your brain and it controls your voluntary muscles. Your memory is also part of your cerebrum, both short-term and long-term. The cerebrum is divided into two hemispheres. The right hemisphere helps you with music, colors and shapes. The left hemisphere helps you with math logic and speech. The cerebellum is at the back the brain right below the cerebrum. The cerebellum processes input from other areas of the brain, spinal cord and senses. It controls balance, movement, and coordination. The brain stem sits in front and under the cerebellum. It connects the rest of the brain to the spinal cord and is in charge of all the functions your body needs to stay alive, like breathing air, food digestion and blood circulation. The brain stem also sorts through millions of messages that the brain and the rest of the body send...
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...Associate Level Material Appendix C Brain Response of Behavior Part I Note: Parts II and III follow below, complete all three. Write a 350- to 700-word response to the following: Explain the communication process of neurons in the brain. List some common neurotransmitters and describe their effect on behavior. The communication process of neurons in the brain A brain of an average human contains approximately 100 billion nerve cells or best known as neurons. Neurons perform as information transmitters and receivers to other neurons or to muscles in the body. Neurons have these tiny fibers that extend from the body of the cell and its main function is to receive incoming messages and transmit them to the main cell. Outgoing messages to other neurons and muscles or glands are carried out by a single long fiber called the axon. Axons are covered with a white fatty tissue called myelin sheath. The myelin sheath provides insulation to avoid signals from other neurons to interfere with each other and it also increases speed when signals are been transmitted. Motor neurons carry messages from the spinal cord or the brain to the muscles and glands. Al l neurons in the nervous system only speak one language ON or OFF electrochemical impulses. The communication process of neurons in the work by impulses or what it’s also called firing. When a neuron receives a message from other neurons it automatically excites the neuron or tells the neuron to fire. This term...
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...) Nervous systems, function and survival Invertebrates and vertebrates are compiled of many different cells, systems and functioning pathways all of which are maintained by homeostasis. In this essay I will discuss the connection between homeostasis and the nervous system; briefly compare an invertebrates and vertebrates nervous system; nerve cells and how an organism’s behaviour can be determined by these factors. To survive every living organism endeavours to maintain a sense of balance, or homeostasis. This is an internal process which repairs and sustains different parameters and is constantly challenged by both internal and external factors. An organism’s nervous system, which can control thousands of activities simultaneously (both voluntary and involuntary), transmits signals between the different parts of the body and is responsible for regulating the processes which maintain homeostasis. (Datta et al. 2006 pp.8-10) In invertebrates the nervous system consists of either a nerve net (such as in jellyfish) or neurons grouped together forming ganglia which make up the nerve cord, or CNS of the organism (as found in earthworms). (Datta et al. 2006 pp.47-9) In contrast the nervous system in vertebrates can be divided into two parts, the brain (the control centre of the body) and the spinal cord, collectively known as the central nervous system (CNS) and all the other nerves in the body, collectively known as the peripheral nervous system (PNS)....
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...COMMENTS ON CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND RADIOLOGICAL ANATOMY Radiological Anatomy Radiological anatomy is a medical specialty that employs the use of imaging to both diagnose and treat disease visualised within the human body. It explores various tissue densities to be able to determine structures. It could either be invasive or non-invasive. Radiologists use an array of imaging techniques which include: • Conventional radiography (X-ray) • Ultrasound • Computerized Tomography • Magnetic Resonance Imaging • Interventional Radiology • Radiation Therapy The acquisition of medical imaging is usually carried out by the radiographer or radiologic technologist. The radiologist then interprets or "reads" the images and produces a report of their findings and impression or diagnosis. Central Nervous System The nervous system is organized into two parts: the central nervous system, which consists of the brain and the spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which connects the central nervous system to the rest of the body. In the central nervous system, the brain and spinal cord are the main centres where communication of nervous information occur. Both the brain and spinal cord are covered with a system of membranes, called meninges and are suspended in the cerebrospinal fluid; they are further protected by the bones of the skull and the vertebral column. The central nervous system is composed of large numbers of excitable...
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...WGU ALT1 Anatomy and Physiology Labs for RN - BSN All Labs http://www.homeworkminutes.com/question/view/41056/ALT1-Anatomy-and-Physiology-Labs-WGU-All-3-Labs ALT1 Labs Part 1 1. A. As you observe the skull, explain how the structure of the sutures between the cranial bones is related to the overall function of the cranium. 2. 1. A. Why are synarthroses an important component of fibrous joints? 2. Cartilaginous joints exhibit amphiarthroses. Why is this important? 3. 1. A. Structurally, how are cartilaginous joints similar? 2. 1. A. Which type of synovial joint has the least amount of movement? 2. 1. A. Why are diarthroses important for synovial joints? 2. A. Which synovial joint is most movable? 3. 1. A. What are the four structural characteristics that all synovial joints share? 2. 1. A. Which of the body movements was the most difficult to perform? Why? 2. Hinge joints like the knee’s or elbow have limited movement. Why are these types of joints more prone to injury? 3. 1. A. When performing flexion on the arm, the biceps muscle (on the anterior part of the arm) contracts. What happens to the triceps muscle (on the posterior part of the arm) as this action is performed? 2. 4. ALT1 Labs Part 2 5. 6. Organization of Nerve Tissue Lab The Multipolar Neuron 1. A. What is the function of a neuron? What is the difference between a neuron and a nerve? 2. A. What gives a multipolar neuron its name? 3. B...
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...the anterior boundary of the midbrain. This part of the brain even plays a role in arousal which is why it is sometimes referred to as reticular activating system. However, this term can be misleading because the nuclei of the reticular formation are involved sleep, attention, movement, the maintenance of muscle tone, and various cardiac, circulatory, and respiratory reflexes. Metencephalon The Metencephalon is much like the Myelencephalon as they both house many ascending and descending tracts and forms part of the reticular formation. These structures create buldges which are referred to as pons which is located on the brain stems ventral surface. The other major division of the Metencephalon is the cerebellum. This is the large convoluted structure of the brain stems...
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...As long as psychology has been a discipline in its own right there have been many new and exciting theories proposed, all claiming to hold more promise and insight than the last. Consequently, many of these theories are scrutinized by those of the potentially effected field, and rightly so. Therefore the concept of a paradigm shifting theory in the form of mirror neurons would surely be scrutinized more than most, as the potential of such a theory has implications across many a field in psychology. However the concept of mirror neurons may have the potential to increase any understanding of how human and animal brains may function. Furthermore, in order to discuss possible implications of mirror neurons this essay has firstly presented a detailed description for the concept of mirror neurons, supporting any explanation with relevant research. In addition to any supporting research, research providing evidence to the contrary has been provided to enable a balanced analysis. Therefore, a balanced description of mirror neurons will facilitate any critical analysis for the possible psychological implications, thereby providing a balanced argument for the legitimacy of mirror neurons. Additionally, following any analysis of relevant research, a balanced and supported conclusion was produced in order to summarise any analysed research. Accordingly, the concept of mirror neurons first came to be in the winter of 1991when a paper entitled ‘Understanding motor events: A neurophysiological...
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...Chapter 15 Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System An Introduction to Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System Learning Outcomes 15-1 Specify the components of the afferent and efferent divisions of the nervous system, and explain what is meant by the somatic nervous system. 15-2 Explain why receptors respond to specific stimuli, and how the organization of a receptor affects its sensitivity. 15-3 Identify the receptors for the general senses, and describe how they function. An Introduction to Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System Learning Outcomes 15-4 Identify the major sensory pathways, and explain how it is possible to distinguish among sensations that originate in different areas of the body. 15-5 Describe the components, processes, and functions of the somatic motor pathways, and the levels of information processing involved in motor control. An Introduction to Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System An Introduction to: Sensory receptors Sensory processing Conscious and subconscious motor functions Focusing on the “general senses” 15-1 Sensory Information Afferent Division of the Nervous System Receptors Sensory neurons Sensory pathways Efferent Division of the Nervous System Nuclei Motor tracts Motor neurons 15-1 Sensory Information Sensory Receptors Specialized cells that monitor specific...
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...qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwer...
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...embryonic development: the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain. Under these divisions: The forebrain (or prosencephalon) is made up of our incredible cerebrum, thalamus, hypothalamus and pineal gland among other features. Neuroanatomists call the cerebral area the telencephalon and use the term diencephalon (or interbrain) to refer to the area where our thalamus, hypothalamus and pineal gland reside. The midbrain (or mesencephalon), located near the very center of the brain between the interbrain and the hindbrain, is composed of a portion of the brainstem. The hindbrain (or rhombencephalon) consists of the remaining brainstem as well as our cerebellum and pons. Neuroanatomists have a word to describe the brainstem sub-region of our hindbrain, calling it the myelencephalon, while they use the word metencephalon in reference to our cerebellum and pons collectively. Before exploring these different regions of the brain, first let’s define the important types of cells and tissues that are the building blocks of them all. Histology Brain cells can be broken into two groups: neurons and neuroglia. Neurons, or nerve cells, are the cells that perform all of the communication and processing within the brain. Sensory...
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... In the normal brain Attached to the brain stem is the cerebellum. It looks a lot like a cauliflower. The cerebellum controls movement and balance. It is important with the coordation of the body and the body’s equilibrium. The brain stem starts out at brain and continues throughout the body’s spine; which advent ally turns into the spinal cord. The brain stem is what makes the body alive. Its sends signals throughout the body, most importantly to the body’s main organs. It also regulates the body’s consciousness. The spine contains 26 bones, 24 are vertebrates. Vertebrates are the main part of the spine. The spine is divided into 5 parts: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx. When compared to the normal human brain, the Chiari Malformation is clearly different. This Malformation was discovered by Hans Chiari in 1819. Hewitt and Gabata 4. It is a rare, but serious neurological condition. Labuda 20. Chiari Malformation is where the cerebellum descends out into the spinal canal. Labuda 20. It is a progressive condition. Mayo Clinic Staff. It forms a lot of compression with cerebellum and the skull. “Chiari affects as many as 1 in 1,000 people.” Labuda 20. It is believed that people are born with this malformation .Labuda 20. Chiari is normally diagnosed with a Magnetic Resonance Imagine (MRI). Labuda 23. The cerebellum normally hangs 3mm to 5mm out of the skull. Chiari Malformation is when the cerebellum protrudes into the spinal canal and is squeezed off by the...
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...A Tour of the Brain XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Rasmussen College Author Note This paper is being submitted on XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX General Psychology. A Tour of the Brain The brain is the control center of the human body. It is protected by the skull and is made up of three main parts, the cerebrum, the cerebellum and the Brainstem. The brain is the boss of the body, it runs the show and controls just about everything one does, even when one’s asleep. (Kidshealth, n.d.) During this brief tour guide of the brain, one will see how the brain fits into the Central Nervous System, how the main parts work together, and what would happen if one of those main parts were damaged. In humans, the nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS), which consist of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which contains all the nerves that run everywhere in the body. The brain and the spinal cord serve as the main processing center for the entire nervous system, and control all the workings of the human body. They work together to let messages flow back and forth between the brain and the body. The biggest part of the brain is cerebrum. The cerebrum is the thinking part of the brain and it controls the voluntary muscles, the ones that move when you want them to. When one is thinking hard, trying to solve a math problem or trying to figure out a video game, one is using the cerebrum. (Kidshealth, n.d.) The cerebrum is made up two...
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...why you become aroused? Yes it helps to have a partner you are attracted to, but thanks to that part up there, the reticular formation, you are able to become physically and mentally aroused. The reticular formation runs through your brainstem and connects to your spinal cord; it helps to screen information as you receive it. You may ask, “What is wrapped around the reticular formation?” Well, that would be your medulla, thanks to her you are able to breathe and have your heart beat without even thinking about it. The medulla is an extension of the brainstem, which is an extension of the spinal cord. Now as you look over to the right you will notice a cauliflower shaped item running around the back of the medulla that is your cerebellum. Your cerebellum helps to coordinate fine muscle movement and balance. If you are an athlete or a dance you should really thank and...
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...The brain gets information, processes that information, and then sends it out to the rest of the body. A large amount of information is put out to the body through the spinal cord, telling the body to do voluntary and involuntary acts. The brain is broken down into three swellings with five structures, the forebrain consists of the telencephalon, and the diencephalon, the midbrain consists of the mesencephalon, and the hindbrain consists of the metencephalon and the myelencephalon. The three swellings of the brain are the forebrain, the midbrain, and the hindbrain. The forebrain is the anterior of one’s brain. The midbrain is the small central part of the brain stem. The hindbrain is the lower part of the brain stem that compresses the cerebellum, the pons, and the medulla oblongata. These three swellings develop as a person ages and becomes adults. The first structure of the forebrain is the telencephalon, which is the largest part of the brain and controls the most difficult functions. It controls the voluntary actions that the human makes, like the ability to learn, the ability to speak, and knowing how to solve problems. This structure also controls one’s level of intelligence, one’s personality, and begins able to smell, and touch. The telencephalon is made up of many structures, the cerebral cortex, major fissures, major gyri, four lobes, the limbic system, the basal ganglia, and the cerebral commissures. The second structure of the forebrain is the diencephalon, and...
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...Describe the characteristics and signs of high-quality education in elementary school. Describe the U.S. No Child Left behind Act, and discuss the pros and cons of high- stakes testing. High quality education in elementary schools depends on different things, first the class size, a class of no larger than 18 is the perfect size so that each child can get the quality education that is needed. The physical setting of the class is also important such as an activity center, for reading, writing, games, working on computers and playing the child needs that perfect setting to learn. The curriculum is also important; it plays a part in helping the children achieve their academic standards and helps them to understand what they are learning. Daily activities is also important, it helps the children become independent while having small group with their class mates. Groups are put together based on the children’s learning needs. The children are evaluated regularly and given a progress report through written observations that help children and parents decide on how to improve in what areas that needs improvement. Seeking information on from parents on how they children are learning includes the parent’s view’s in evaluation and the teacher parent relationship , such as holding conferences to encourage parents and encouraging parents to visit the classroom anytime and become involved. The attitude of the staff is very important, when you walk into a school...
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