...Identifying Rivals and Rivalries in World Politics Author(s): William R. Thompson Source: International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 45, No. 4 (Dec., 2001), pp. 557-586 Published by: Wiley on behalf of International Studies Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3096060 Accessed: 20-11-2015 13:22 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/ info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. International Studies Association and Wiley are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to International Studies Quarterly. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 110.93.234.9 on Fri, 20 Nov 2015 13:22:55 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions International Studies Quarterly(2001) 45, 557-586. Identifying Rivals and Rivalries in World Politics WILLIAM R. THOMPSON Indiana University Instead of assuming that all actors are equally likely to clash, and that they do so independently of previous clashes, rivalry analysis can focus on the small number of feuding dyads that cause much of the trouble in...
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...in 1929, simply over a decade after the end of the conflict, which had left a devastating impact on Europe. The conflict claimed tens of millions of lives, inflicted untold suffering, and reshaped the world in profound ways. Remarque, himself a veteran of the struggle, drew on his very own stories to create a raw and real portrayal of the brutal realities faced by...
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...and two spiritual attitudes that find themselves locked in deadly conflict, a conflict in which Kashmir has become both symbol and battleground, making the Indo-Pak rivalry an enduring one (Ashok 2012, 1)”. This essay will argue that the key reasons underlying the continued hostility in Indo-Pak relations are due to an antithetical idea of state identity. This essay will first outline the origins of the Indo-Pak conflict in order to give historical context to the conflict. It will be argued that the predisposing conditions for the conflict are a fundamental ideological difference in state construction which is closely linked to the second condition being the irredentist/anti-irredentist relationship between India and Pakistan. This essay will firstly consider the differences in state identity by outlining the fundamentals of Indo-Pak state construction with particular focus on why India and Pakistan feel their ideological existence is threatened by the other. Subsequently, the irredentist/anti-irredentist relationship will be outlined and considered in the context of the enduring dispute over Kashmir. Following this, a potential resolution to this conflict being bilateral diplomacy will be critically evaluated in the context of the current political and religious dynamics within Southwest Asian region. Origins of the Conflict There are many arguments that exist regarding the origins of the Indo-Pak conflict such as: the mismanagement and selfishness of the British...
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...mind. Those components are the id, ego, and superego. His structural theory placed great importance on the role of unconscious psychological conflicts in shaping behavior and personality. Conflicts derived from sexual and aggressive urges are very significant. Such conflicts arouse defense mechanisms, which are mainly unconscious reactions that protects oneself from painful emotions such as guilt and anxiety. Today I will be discussing some developmental stages, personality structures, and a few criticisms regarding Freud’s personality theory. The id is the primitive and instinctive component of personality. It consists of the inherited or biological components of personality, including but not limited to the sex life instinct or libido, and the death instinct. Ego develops from the id as an infant. The egos’ goal is to satisfy demands of the id in a socially safe acceptable way. In contrast to the id the ego follows the reality principle as it operates both in the conscious and unconscious mind. By the age of five, or the end of the phallic stage of development, the Superego develops. The Superego is the moral part of us and develops according to moral and ethical restraints placed on us by our caregivers. Many link the superego with the conscience as it dictates our belief of right and wrong. Freud also suggested that conflict between personality structures creates “ego defenses” leading to personality characteristics. These include intellectualism (thinking about threats...
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...South Carolina Social Studies Academic Standards Mick Zais, Ph.D. State Superintendent of Education South Carolina Department of Education Columbia, South Carolina State Board Approved Document – August 18, 2011 Contents Acknowledgments.......................................................................................................................... iii Introduction .....................................................................................................................................1 Social Studies Standards Page Format .............................................................................................5 Grade-Level Standards for Social Studies Grades K–3 Kindergarten. Foundations of Social Studies: Children as Citizens ...............................................7 Grade 1. Foundations of Social Studies: Families........................................................................12 Grade 2. Foundations of Social Studies: Communities ................................................................17 Grade 3. South Carolina Studies ..................................................................................................22 Grades 4–5 Grade 4. United States Studies to 1865 ........................................................................................29 Grade 5. United States Studies: 1865 to the Present ....................................................................36 Grades 6–8 Grade 6. Early Cultures to 1600...
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...It is argued that if the UNAMIR peacekeeping force were reinforced in these early months, as urged by Belgium and justified by the flood of warnings, the genocide could have been prevented. If preventative measures were not taken, but the international community stepped in in the early weeks of the conflict, it is believed that anywhere from 125,000-600,000 lives could have been saved. This intervention would be plausible given centralised nature of the genocide operation meaning that stemming the violence in Kigali would have stopped the violence around the state by signalling international resistance to the extermination plan, discouraging civilian participation, and placing insurmountable challenges to the Hutu leadership in continuing their genocidal campaign. Even if a minimal intervention was taken weeks into the killing, it is believed that up to 75,000 lives could have been saved. Alternatively, if international leaders continued to reject a military course of action, the US could have provided radio-jamming technology to halt the...
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...Personality Paper Robbin Nehls PSY/211 September 25, 2014 Mark Ammer Four perspectives of personalities are the, psychoanalytic perspective, the humanistic perspective, the social cognitive perspective, and the trait perspective. The psychoanalytic perspective emphasizes the most importance of unconscious processes and the influence of early childhood experience. It is theory of personality that stresses the influence of unconscious mental processes, the importance of sexual and aggressive instincts, and the enduring effects of early childhood experience on personality. The term unconscious is used to describe thoughts, feelings, wishes, and drives that are operating below the level of conscious awareness. The humanistic perspective emphasizes free will, self-awareness, and psychological growth. A view of personality that emphasizes human potential and such a uniquely human charactistics as self-awareness and free will (Cain, 2002). Humanistic psychologists also differed from psychologists theorists by their focus on the healthy personality rather than on psychologically troubled people. The humanistic psychologists believe that people are motivated by the need to grow psychologically, they contended that he most important factor in personality is the individual’s conscious, subjective perception of his or her self ( Purkey and Stanley, 2002). Three areas of personality development can be the psychosexual stages, the social cognitive perspective, and the trait perspective...
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...As said previously, ancient politics had their flaws and enduring issues. An example was the idea that people have the power to rule from their god(s). This was an enduring issue because it gave the rule supreme power which meant the citizens had no say in decisions that would ultimately affect them. The Ancient Chinese’s term to describe this ideology was the Mandate of Heaven. Qin Shi Huangdi, the emperor of the Qin Dynasty, gained his position because of the Mandate of Heaven. Although he did bring unity and harmony to China, his way of gaining power did cause problems. Many know that during Qin Shi Huangdi's rule, he helped develop the Great Wall of China and his mausoleum which protected by a life-sized terracotta army statue. These great...
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... | | | |Functions: | |A. Advocate for children, families, and caregivers | |B. Act to influence local, district, state, and national decisions affecting student learning | |C. Assess, analyze, and anticipate emerging trends and initiatives in order to adapt leadership strategies | |Knowledge |Skills |Enduring Understandings |Essential Questions | |Administrators will know… |Administrators will be able to …|Administrators will understand | | | | |that… | | |The community based family |Analyze programs and assist |Educational institutions cannot |How do administrators | |agencies that provide |families as they contact support|provide all basic and supportive |differentiate between which | |educational financial, |agencies in times of need. |supports to families and students.|community agencies are most | |healthcare, religious, and...
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...Professor Kalauli 3/6/2014 A Painting for the Mind Juliet Kono effectively conveys the devastation, horror, and depravity in Japan circa 1940 to 1950 through her unwavering sense of staying true to the imagery and setting of Japan during World War II as well as post war Japan. By effectively telling the story through the eyes of the protagonist Hi-Chan, she allows the reader to personalize not only with the main character but the setting that surrounds the main character as well. The continual turmoil and conflict that the protagonist undergoes contrast the underlying theme (the path to enlightenment) of the novel and remains consistent from beginning to end. There is no question that the author’s effectiveness in delivering the elements of fiction in her novel Anshu: Dark Sorrow creates in the reader’s mind a vivid portrait of the time and place the main character Hi-Chan was living in. By effectively conveying the setting of the novel, the persistent use of conflict with the protagonist, establishing a first person point of view, and the use of effective characterization, Juliet Kono is able to paint within the readers mind the thoughts and emotions within Hi-Chan as well as the world around her. By descriptively establishing the setting in Hawaii at the beginning of the novel, Juliet Kono allows the reader to assume a more peaceful and serene time when Hi-Chan was youthful and care-free on an island of abundant beauty, freedom, and most importantly food. In contrast,...
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...Do you believe market-drivers have enduring competitive advantages or can you foresee a situation in which a market-driver loses its footing? Take Starbucks for example: Can you imagine a future in which Starbucks no longer enjoys the prominence it has at the moment? Why, or why not? “Market-driving companies are usually new entrants to the industry, although there are exceptions. The history of innovation is a pattern in which bursts of breakthrough innovation that reshape an industry are interspersed by flows of less dramatic incremental improvements.” According to that I generally do believe that companies that drive the market have enduring competitive advantages compared to e.g. market-driven companies because they focus on a vision for the future, unhampered by traditional thinking and industry norms for product or service development. Market-driving companies are poised to make discontinuous leaps in innovation in terms of customer value. Moreover they also have a mission to build unique business systems through technology and business model innovation or rather entrepreneurial capabilities. As most of the market-driving companies, STRABUCKS started small but its market-driving potential was inscribed in its DNA. Starbucks will always continue to be a market-driving company because it achieves long-run equilibrium with supra-normal profits and hences a sustained competitive advantage. The secret behind this success or rather behind becoming an “owner of the market”...
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...My social issue: Cyber bullying The social issue in Brevard that I am going to be talking about is cyberbulling. Cyberbullying is when a person, typically children 8-18, are harassed, threatened, humiliated, or targeted over the internet. This has become relatively common with the advances of technology. Cyberbullying probably commenced in the mid 90's when internet use became typical. Cyberbullying and face to face bullying are very contrastive. For instance when a cyberbully releases something slanderous into the world wide web, they have an audience possibly the whole world. In addition it is very difficult, if not impossible, to delete and completely remove anything from the internet. Another difference between a cyberbully and a face...
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...decisions. An examination of related existing literature and research will be utilized to present a solution to the following problem: anticipated assumptions, concerns and fears are impacting organizations utilization of the Internet for fear of cross channel cannibalization. The proposed solution presented combines several established quantifiable equations and methods, producing a standardized method of analysis regarding the impact of online sales. This brief paper contends that online sales pose no immediate cannibalization of tradition sales, making these concerns relatively baseless. Problem Overview The phenomenon of concurrent channels being provided by the same company is fairly new, but the emergence of the Internet as an enduring market necessitates the adaption of online retail in order to remain competitive [1][3]. Late entrants into this market are apprehensive about the Internet’s bipolar nature, since it has already demonstrated its ability to catalyze both opportunities and threats [5]. The dot.com bust of the 1990s increased many retailers’ hesitance in expanding their operations to utilize the Internet. Their fears appear to be strongly routed by the notion that their physical store sales and profits would be cannibalized by an online retail offering [1]. Falk et al [3] contend that “entrenched channels [view] the Internet channel as unwelcome competition and reduced their support for the firm’s [online] products, resulting in more brand switching toward...
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...Why does football hooliganism occur? Football hooliganism has been occurring for decades but has only become recognised by the government and media as being a problem in the last 40 years or so. Football associated violence occurs before and after matches where mobs of supporters roam the streets surrounding the grounds, causing trouble. Football related offences have continued to occur, despite the football clubs efforts to ban alcohol and provide seating for spectators. The source of the violence is triggered by feelings of hostility that supporters hold towards their rivals. Some psychologists believe another cause of the hooliganism is to reflect the search of high levels of emotional arousal after enduring long periods of boredom. The importance of this issue is demonstrated by the large number of incidents where several deaths have been the result of violence. One explanation for the occurrence of football hooliganism is the Frustration-Aggression theory (Freud and Dollard et al). Freud believed that when people get frustrated they displace it onto a scapegoat and not onto the source of the frustration. Dollard developed this by suggesting that frustration leads to aggression, which is what people displace onto another target. With relevance to football hooliganism, fans may become frustrated after either losing a game or watching poor play from players. Moreover, the fans are unable to relieve their aggression on the players themselves because they have legitimate power...
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...* Introduction to developmental psychology (history, basic issues) * Theories of development * Research methods in child development Introduction History Child development as a science Parental preoccupation with “expert” child rearing started in the early 20th century. Parents started turning to paediatricians and psychologists for advice. John Watson pushed for rigid feeding schedules for infants and an orderly approach to child rearing. Benjamin Spock’s urged parents not engage in conflicts over issues such as weaning and toilet training, and to display affection to their children. Today Watson’s views are seen as emotionally cold and excessively rigid, while Spock’s recommendations as overly indulgent. What does developmental psychology study? Developmental science seeks to identify variables that influence development and to explain how they work together to shape an individual’s life. Scientists develop theories and conduct research aimed at describing, explaining, and predicting age-related changes in behaviour, thinking, emotions and social relationships. Definition Orderly and relatively enduring changes over time in physical and neurological structures, thought processes, and behaviour. 3 broad goals in the study of 3 child development: * To understand changes that appear to be universal * To explain individual differences * To understand how children’s behaviour is influenced by the environmental context or situation. ...
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