...TECHNICAL DATA In this section the data required for performing the simulations of high penetrations of roof-top wind turbines in secondary distribution circuits is presented. This includes wind turbine power curves, wind speeds, load demand and secondary circuit details. A. Wind Turbines and Wind Speed Data In order to consider real-life roof-top wind turbines, five types that can easily be found in the market were chosen, as shown in Table I. TABLE I SELECTED COMMERCIAL WIND TURBINES Type AIR-X 1 2 Index Terms— distributed generation, roof-top wind turbines, distribution networks, power flow, line losses. I. INTRODUCTION C URRENT energy policies are encouraging the connection of small-scale power generating plants to distribution networks, mainly in response to environmental concerns as well diversification of the energy mix. As such, Distributed Generation (DG) [1], electric power generation located within distribution networks or on the customer side of the network, is expected to play an increasingly important role in the power system infrastructure and market. On the other hand, given that distribution networks were not planned to support widespread insertion of power, various studies have reported that such integration may create technical and safety problems [2]-[6]. Considering the special attention given by...
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...and simulate the integration of the proposed HPS on the existing network. A frequency limit of 50 0.05 and nominal voltages of 33 kV and 11 kV 6% is used. The single line diagram of the distribution network is shown in Figure 3.12. It consists of one (30 MVA), 30/11 kV power transformer, and three (250 kVA), 11/0.415 distribution transformers. Details of the network load and equipment are produced in appendix N. Modeling and simulation of the existing distribution network along with a comprehensive stability analysis with and without renewable energy integration are done. These are subsequently discussed in the following sub-sections....
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...ROAD KING TRUCKS CASE ANALYSIS BUS 500D ANTHONY L. HUBBLE UNIVERSITY OF LA VERNE Summary: Road King Trucks was established by the Smith brothers in 1880 as the California Wagon Company and it has been manufacturing trucks for almost a century. The company has been looking to evaluate the opportunity of manufacturing “The Transit Bus”. The management has realized that the private vehicles have become very costly and people are becoming more and more aware about environmental impact of using private vehicles. Therefore, the management sees the business opportunity in the manufacture of “The Transit Bus”. Recently hired CEO Michael Livingston has a reputation for successfully identifying new consumer trends, he believes that the rise of gasoline prices will force more and more urbanites to public transportation. fThe company itself has a history of transformation and adaptability beginning with the Smith Bros. decision to not only seek new technologies but also implementing them to the company. In 1915 with the advent of the truck the Smith Bros. began manufacturing trucks instead of their traditional wagon line. Again in 1940 with a new name, the Road King Truck Co. began manufactruing School Buses; it only seemed fitting that the new transformation will be to adapt to rising energy costs and fuel efficient vehicles. I have prepared the cost benefit analysis based on the projected financial data provided by various departments within the Company. I have...
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...ec5.4 Health & Safety The addition of electric drive and large battery packs introduces several new potential hazards to the transit bus workplace. These hazards include electric shock, chemical burn, and explosion due to hydrogen build-up. All three hazards can be managed through a variety of design, monitoring, operational and maintenance procedures. Standards have been developed through National Electric Code (NEC), Federal Transit Authority (FTA), National Highway Safety Transportation Administration (NHSTA), Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), and others. Committees are working on several areas where holes exist in the standards.2 5.4.1 Electrical Shock There is a danger of electrical shock with any motor vehicle should a mechanic or passenger come into contact with a live circuit under normal or fault conditions. With hybrid-electric buses, contact can come from electricity during battery charging (AC current) or discharging (DC current). If contact is made, the extent of injury will depend on the size, duration, frequency, and wave shape of the current. Conventional diesel buses make use of 12/24vDC and 220/240vAC. Hybrid drive buses operate at levels of power up to 400vDC and 600 amps. However, the risk of electrical shock can be mitigated through proper engineering, labelling, and safe maintenance practices. SAE standards have been developed to minimize electrical hazards associated with the design and manufacture of electric and hybrid-electric vehicles....
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...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Gigantic population and comprehensive electrical energy consumption have made power crisis one of the gravest national problems in the developing countries like Nigeria. Excessive demand of power is always difficult to meet and as a result national economy is being hampered severely due to this deregulation of electricity. Alternative power sources that can deliver output currents in absence of grid supply are now automatic choices in home grid-connected system. In urban areas, IPS (Instant Power Supply) system is being used massively to cope up with load shedding. Increasing interest and investment in renewable energy give rise to rapid development of high penetration solar energy. There are multiple ways to interface PV arrays with the power grid. Solar energy has become a promising alternative source because it has many advantages such as abundance, pollution free and renewability. The solar photovoltaic (PV) power will play an important role in alleviating the energy crisis and reducing the environmental pollution and has a bright prospect of applications. Due to the nonlinear relationship between the current and the voltage of the photovoltaic cell, it can be observed that there is a unique maximum power point (MPP) at a particular environment, and this peak power point keeps changing with solar illumination and ambient temperature. In recent years, a large number of techniques have been proposed for maximum power point tracking...
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...Group 11 1 Agenda 1 2 3 4 Introduction Background Information Key Financial Information Industry Information Company Information 5 6 7 8 Strategic Analysis of the company IT implementations and Successes Road ahead and Conclusion Background Significant bus operator in Singapore with 25% market share Leader in the world’s rail Industry in train service quality Growing revenue from retail, Advertising and Consulting services Dominant rail Operator in Singapore with 23 yrs operating Experience SMRT Second largest Taxi operator in Singapore with 3000 Taxis Mission, Vision & Core Values Excellence, Respect, Responsibility and Recognition, Commitment to the public, shareholders and employees Corporate Structure SMRT Trains Ltd • Incorporated on 6 August 1987 as Singapore MRT Ltd • Renamed as Singapore Mass Rapid Transit (SMRT) Corporation in 2004 • Main and only competitor: SBS Transit SMRT Buses Ltd • • • • Previously Trans Island Bus Services (TIBS) Incorporated as TIBS on 31 May 1982 Renamed to SMRT Buses Ltd on 10 May 2004 Main and only competitor: SBS Transit Ltd Milestones Geographic Footprint 10 Operating Model Group Information Financials Share Holding Pattern License and Operating Agreement 16 Critical success factors • Turnaround time – Shorter waiting time • Cost effective and sustainable transport – through integrated information • Network Span -Seamless travel across...
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...defined in conceptual and operational manner for the purpose of clarity. Background of the Study The aftermath of typhoon Yolanda or internationally known as typhoon Haiyan, is one of the worst typhoons Philippines have experienced. This calamity resulted to destruction of properties and this calamity has also caused blackouts all over the place. Electricity--- is badly needed after a typhoon, especially after the typhoon Yolanda. Electricity is used to charge cellphones to communicate and get some help. It is also used to power radios and televisions to be updated for current news and further instructions from the government. But because of absence of electricity, communications and media are not likely to serve their purpose. Energy comes in different forms....
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...an intense, detailed and comprehensive analysis, that included thorough research and exploration into Allegiant Air’s fleet expansion needs. To complete this analysis we compared existing and current market statistics, which pertains specifically to the fleet expansion needs. It is the recommendation of SH&E, that Allegiant Air purchase the McDonnell Douglas MD-80’s at a price of $4,000,000. It is the belief of SH&E, that the purchase of the McDonnell Douglas MD-80’s, is a prudent and sensible decision, versus a price of $62,600,000 for the Airbus A-320. SH&E thorough research showed that given the net present value, also known as NPV, the expenses for the McDonnell Douglas MD-80 is estimated at $44,200,000, in comparison to the Airbus A-320’s NPV of $93,600,000. If Allegiant Air were to purchase the McDonnell Douglas MD-80, over the fifteen year lifespan, this would allow Allegiant Air to save approximately $50,000,000 in operating costs. There is a summary below of the analysis and research that includes the methodology and assumptions that were used to conduct and thus support SH&E’s recommendation. The McDonnell Douglas MD-80 has a different seating capacity than the Airbus A-320.To compare these aircraft, a Cost per Available Seat Mile, also known as CASM, was used as the suitable decision criterion. Another way to think of this comparison is to use an example-for instance, SH&E would never recommend to a bus transportation business or company that...
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...10.1 HSC topic: Operations -> is about planning & controlling operations with the aim of minimizing cost, maximizing productivity, improving efficiency and achieving strategic business goals 25% of indicative time The focus of this topic is the strategies for effective operations management in large businesses. | Outcomes The student: H1 critically analyses the role of business in Australia and globally H2 evaluates management strategies in response to changes in internal and external influences H3 discusses the social and ethical responsibilities of management H4 analyses business functions and processes in large and global businesses H5 explains management strategies and their impact on businesses H6 evaluates the effectiveness of management in the performance of businesses H7 plans and conducts investigations into contemporary business issues H8 organises and evaluates information for actual and hypothetical business situations H9 communicates business information, issues and concepts in appropriate formats Content Students learn to: examine contemporary business issues to: discuss the balance between cost and quality in operations strategy examine the impact of globalisation on operations strategy identify the breadth of government policies that affect operations management explain why corporate social responsibility is a key concern in operations management investigate aspects of business using hypothetical situations and...
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...Road King Trucks Case Analysis Abstract This paper is an analysis of Road King Trucks’ new project which is introducing a new product into its product line. I will decide whether run the project or not. Six issues will be discussed as follows 1) importance of energy cost; 2) project’s cash flows; 3) cost of capital; 4) choose an engine 5) evaluation 6) accept or reject. We should accept the project because of the positive NPV and high IRR. We will gain $532 million in wealth which is a big money on the scale like this. The company has a bond rating of AA that makes the risk relatively low. So we should definitely say yes. Issues Importance of Energy Cost Road King Trucks, Inc. is a truck manufacturing company. The new CEO Michael Livingston arranged a meeting with the firm’s top managers and engineers considering introducing a large, public transit bus into its current product line. As the oil prices keep going high and have no sign of decreasing. Mr. Livingston thought it would lead people more likely to use public transportation. The price of gas has gone up for the 30th day in a row, and with it tempers are rising. Increased demand for public transportation is expected to continue into the spring [1]. The impact of high oil prices makes people more willingly to use public transportation and there will be an increase of riders. The company should adapt itself to the changes of market. Now it is a fashion to be “Green”. People show great environmental consciousness...
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...|Culture Analysis | Analysis Objective |According to Eric, Van den Steen (1990), a corporate culture is the sense of shared beliefs and values, through screening, self sorting and manager-directed | |joint learning. In order to understand the organization culture of KMB, we will identify the values and assumptions share among member of KMB. The culture | |artefact and shared value demonstrated the belief of former and top management toward to the organizational goals and it gave a guideline to the employees’ | |belief, behavior and shared assumption. We will analyze the culture of KMB with the following steps: | |Identify the artefacts of KMB, and then conclude the core value of KMB with iceberg model. | |Examine KMB’s culture value with the contingencies of organizational Culture. | Culture Artefact Stories & Legends-Caring Customer, Continuously Innovating |[pic][pic][pic][pic] | |[pic][pic] |80 Years Contribution ...
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...Conclusion………………………………………………14 5. References………………………………………………15 Introduction It is important to remember that transport should be made accessible and affordable to people of all income groups. Poverty is seen as a relative concept, and the view is taken that we should not be considering one South African poverty problem, but rather strategies for developing the metropolitan, urban and rural poor households. The households have been further grouped into quintiles according to their incomes. In my quest to answer how likely trends are going to change, I will give an analysis of a broad range of transport issues. For example; the overall amount of travel; travel purpose; public transport accessibility, affordability and attitudes of customers; vehicle ownership; accessibility to shopping, education and medical facilities. The first issue that is apparent and seem to emerge from analysis is the difference between the rural and metro/urban poverty experiences. Secondly, there is an...
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...preferences Different geographies & cultures Growth in market size New regulations Growth Product complexity Copyright of Tata Motors. Not for circulation. Copyright of Tata Motors. Not for circulation. Copyright of Tata Motors. Not for circulation. Copyright of Tata Motors. Not for circulation. Organisational Pyramid for System and Process Management Copyright of Tata Motors. Not for circulation. Entire CVBU looks up to the same Vision and Mission and follows the same Core Values Copyright of Tata Motors. Not for circulation. Enterprise Systems Model Manual Copyright of Tata Motors. Not for circulation. Automotive Industry Standards Copyright of Tata Motors. Not for circulation. 9 Box Analysis of Product Proposal Copyright of Tata Motors. Not for circulation. Safety Standards Quality Standards Copyright of Tata Motors. Not for circulation. Environment Standards Testing Standards Copyright of Tata Motors. Not for circulation. Copyright of Tata Motors. Not for circulation. Copyright of Tata Motors. Not for circulation. Copyright of Tata Motors. Not for circulation. Key Specifications •Engine- Cummins 6BT BS II,180 HP •Driveline – Gear Box-G750 Rear axle- RA 109 RR •Wheel Base – 3675 MM •Overall length – 9290 mm •GVW-31000 Kg Features •Self steered Lift Axle offering additional GVW of 6 Tons • Automatically operated lift axle based on loading • Highest payload in MAV trucks...
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...South Asian Economic Students Meet 2012 | Agenda for Greening the South Asian Economy | Potential Energy Saving Capabilities of Emerging Cities: A Case of Hyderabad | L. Sai Anurag 11/10/2012 | Essay Proposal Since gaining Independence, the Indian Subcontinent has been one of the most promising areas for development and has increasingly made its presence felt in the global economic scenario with rapid progress in both the manufacturing and the services sector. India is the second fastest growing economy in the world, with a GDP growth rate of 9.4 percent in the financial year 2006-07. However, due to the impact of the global recession the policy paralysis in the country growth rate had fallen to 5.3% in Q4 FY’12. Contraction is the manufacturing sector and the falling rupee has deteriorated India’s position further. The resultant impact of the initial rapid GDP growth has been an increase in the per capita GDP and also an increase in the income levels of both rural and urban households. Achieving this growth also meant a tremendous rise in the use of energy across all the sectors of the economy as well albeit at a slower pace. The major point of concern here is not the magnitude of energy driving this growth but the quality and structure of this energy growth. India has immensely contributed to the growth of the South Asian Economy by taking up economic reforms and giving a tremendous boost to industry. India’s favorable demographic mix, its abundance...
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...Road King Trucks Introduction Michael Livingston has recently been hired as the CEO of Road King Trucks, Inc. Previously he had been the marketing manager for a large manufacturing company and had established a reputation for identifying new consumer trends. Road King Trucks Inc. is a California-based truck manufacturing company. The company is well known for manufacturing large, heavy-duty trucks at a reasonable cost. One of its greatest achievements is that its trucks can be easily modified or customized for different applications. Road King Trucks also builds school buses. The company is considering an expansion of its current product line to include transit buses. Mr. Livingston feels that due to high gasoline prices, commuters will be more willing to consider using mass transit instead of using their cars to commute to work. Company Profile Road King Trucks, Inc. was established by the Smith brothers in 1880 as the California Wagon Company. The firm started manufacturing horse-drawn wagons to serve the growing population in California. The brothers quickly realized that the times were changing, so they started looking for the technologies that would keep them at the forefront of their field of business. In 1915, the Smith brothers decided that they needed to make trucks as replacements for the wagons, because trucks were starting to serve the same uses as wagons, and the wagon industry was not going to be viable in the longer term. The company started...
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