...degrees of emotional modulation of autonomic responses and subjective arousal ratings depending on stimulus size. In the present study, affective modulation of pictures presented in different sizes was investigated by measuring event-related potentials during a two-choice categorization task. Results showed significant emotional modulation across all sizes at both earlier and later stages of processing. Moreover, affective modulation of earlier processes was reduced in smaller compared to larger sizes, whereas no changes in affective modulation were observed at later stages. Descriptors: Emotion, Attention, Categorization, Stimulus size, ERPs Although objects may appear under very different viewing conditions (e.g., visual angle, viewing time, orientation, brightness), the human visual system has a remarkable capacity to recognize them and to organize its response adaptively. However, behavior is organized both on the basis of stimulus significance and of contextual cues, which further define the relevance of the stimulus for the observer. In the present study we investigate the hypothesis that the emotional response to...
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...2013 the Author(s) DOI: 10.1037/a0033236 Age-Related Decline of Precision and Binding in Visual Working Memory Muy-Cheng Peich UCL Institute of Neurology and Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and University of Paris Masud Husain UCL Institute of Neurology and Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and University of Oxford Paul M. Bays UCL Institute of Neurology and Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience Working memory declines with normal aging, but the nature of this impairment is debated. Studies based on detecting changes to arrays of visual objects have identified two possible components to age-related decline: a reduction in the number of items that can be stored, or a deficit in maintaining the associations (bindings) between individual object features. However, some investigations have reported intact binding with aging, and specific deficits arising only in Alzheimer’s disease. Here, using a recently developed continuous measure of recall fidelity, we tested the precision with which adults of different ages could reproduce from memory the orientation and color of a probed array item. The results reveal a further component of cognitive decline: an age-related decrease in the resolution with which visual information can be maintained in working memory. This increase in recall variability with age was strongest under conditions of greater memory load. Moreover, analysis of the distribution of errors revealed that older participants were more likely to incorrectly...
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...VISUAL DISTORTIONS NEAR A NEUTRON STAR AND BLACK HOLE ABSTRACT The visual distortion effects visible to an observer traveling around and descending to the surface of an extremely compact star are described. Specifically, trips to a "normal" neutron star with relatively weak surface gravity, an ultracompact neutron star with extremely high surface gravity, and a black hole are described. Concepts such as multiple imaging, red- and blue-shifting, conservation of surface brightness, the photon sphere, and the existence of multiple Einstein rings are discussed in terms of what the viewer would see. Computer generated, general relativistically correct illustrations highlighting the distortion effects are presented and discussed. A short movie (VHS) depicting many of these effects is available to those interested free of charge. I. BACKGROUND It is impossible for a human to travel very near a high gravity star which has a mass like that of the Sun. If, somehow, a person could survive the extremely harmful radiation that would be emitted on or near these objects, the high gravity itself would likely pose insurmountable problems. The person could not stand casually on the surface of such a star because the high surface gravity would tend to flatten them. (Lying down wouldn't help.) Were a person to orbit the star in a spaceship, however, the immense gravitational field would be overcome by a large outward centrifugal acceleration.[1] The problem in this case, however, is the...
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...order to program the VCR). Consider the frailties of the human information processing system (perceptual systems, learning systems, and memory systems ). It is apparent that the design of the VCR ignores some bottlenecks endemic in the information processing system. Write an analysis of how the product could be re-designed so that the consumer could engage the VCR more productively. The analysis should go into some depth in identifying the problem and the recommended solution . You should identify specifically the problem(s) and how your proposal solves the problem(s). The wise student would focus on one or at most two issues. In this given example of Sony Video Cassette Recorder (VCR), the issue in which the company faces is that the company is not being user friendly in providing the set of instruction to the user. The manual is presented with a lot of technical terms that will impede the learning process of the users. In addition, these technical jargons will result in users having to make a deliberate effort in deciphering the meaning of these terms before being able to commit to their memory, a condition known as effortful processing. For their consumers to engage the VCR more productively, Sony needs to understand the learning patterns and memory capabilities of their consumers. Sony should be more user friendly by using simpler words together with more visual aids in their manual. Visual aids like diagrams serve as cue to cue their memories on how...
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...information collected from NYPD only and might not be relevant to other law enforcement agencies. Visualizations Data visualization helps to understand the significance of data by placing them in a visual context. While working on the data points from Arrest to Pretrial, most of the initial weeks were spent on wrapping around what an ideal data map would look like. The research resulted in rich collection of data that gets collected during booking process. Representing all the information that gets collected at each level of process, involved granular analysis of...
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...BTEC EDEXEL HND DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS (MANAGEMENT & HUMAN RESOURCES) OFFERED BY INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND TECHNOLOGY Meeting Business Needs through Training & Development Unit 23 Human Resources Development K.D.A.C ABEYGUNAWARDENA| KD/HNDBM/26/24 Business Management Batch 26 KANDY Submitted to Ms. L Sooriyabandara 15th March 2015 ACKNOWLEDGMENT I would have not finished this Assignment without the support of my family who has always been there for me whenever I need them, the encouragement they give to keep me going and their love to empower me that never fails all the time. Thank you. I would also like to thank my sister whose support has always been my source of strength and inspiration? Also to my friends who helped me in researching on different fields concerning this project. Thank you. I would also like to thank my teacher Ms. L Sooriyabandara who has given me a chance to prove that I can do things on my own. I thank her for challenging me to do this project. To you miss, I give you lots of thanks and respect. Thank you. Executive summary This training & development report is related to the Human Resource Development module. As this one of the important subject of human resource development all the relevant learning outcomes have been presented throughout this report. Mainly this report consists with 4 tasks of different aspects. From the first task, learning styles of the ASDA organization are been compared and contrasted...
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...(2014), 645–657. Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Printed in the USA. Copyright © 2014 Society for Psychophysiological Research DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12209 Dissociable effects of psychopathic traits on cortical and subcortical visual pathways during facial emotion processing: An ERP study on the N170 PEDRO R. ALMEIDA,a,b FERNANDO FERREIRA-SANTOS,a JOANA B. VIEIRA,a,c PEDRO S. MOREIRA,a,b FERNANDO BARBOSA,a and JOÃO MARQUES-TEIXEIRAa a Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal School of Criminology, Faculty of Law, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal b c Abstract This study examined the relation between psychopathic traits and the brain response to facial emotion by analyzing the N170 component of the ERP. Fifty-four healthy participants were assessed for psychopathic traits and exposed to images of emotional and neutral faces with varying spatial frequency content. The N170 was modulated by the emotional expressions, irrespective of psychopathic traits. Fearless dominance was associated with a reduced N170, driven by the low spatial frequency components of the stimuli, and dependent on the tectopulvinar visual pathway. Conversely, coldheartedness was related to overall enhanced N170, suggesting mediation by geniculostriate processing. Results suggest that different dimensions of psychopathy are related to distinct facial emotion...
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...on observable behavior only * John B. Watson (Little Albert) * Variables * Dependent Variable * Variable in experiment that represents the measurable response or behavior of the subjects in the experiment * Independent Variable * Variable in an experiment that is manipulated by the experimenter * Psychiatrist * Medical Doctor * Can prescribe medication * Psychologist * Professional with an academic degree & specialized training in one or more areas of psychology * Cannot prescribe medications (except in 2 states) * Psychiatrist Social Worker * A social worker with training in therapy methods who focuses on environmental conditions that have an impact on mental disorders * Cannot prescribe medication * Placebo Effect * Phenomenon in which the expectations of the participants in a study influence behavior * Think they are given a real pill so they say they feel the symptoms of the pill Chapter 2 * Central Nervous System * Communicates with the body through peripheral nervous system * Brain & Spinal Cord * Peripheral Nervous System * Transmits information to and from the central nervous system * Autonomic Nervous System * Automatically regulates glands, internal organs...
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...IWT1 Task 1 Romantic and Realist Visual Art Romanticism Romanticism first began as an artistic movement in the early decades of the nineteenth century in France and Britain, it continued to flourish until the mid-century. One of the biggest social conditions that contributed to the Romantic Movement in Europe was the British Industrial Revolution. Manufacturing, business, and the amount of wage laborers began to soar. This period was also largely a revolt against the aristocratic social and political norms. The Romantic Period was significantly associated with liberalism and radicalism, and the long-term effect of nationalism was probably much more significant. Romantics feared the oppression and conformity that they felt was brought on by Enlightenment, and so this period is thought to be a direct reaction to the dominance of it. They strongly believed that no person could ever understand or know everything about human personality or the world. The Romantic Period focused its main emphasis on the imagination and emotion. The romantic artists’ nature gave an alternative to the ordered world of enlightening thought. Romanticism painting is not generally identified with any one single style, attitude, or technique. It is more defined by a highly subjective and imaginative approach, a visionary or dreamlike quality and intense emotions. Romantic artists tried to express with suggestion, states of feeling that were too mystical, or too intense too define. Self expression...
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...GAZE CONTROL EYE TRACKING FOR HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION Abhijeet Patnaik, Kiran Kumar.R, 6th semester, EC 6th semester, EC JNN College of Engineering JNN College of Engineering Shimoga Shimoga abhijeetpatnaik1995@gmail.com kirankumar_r28@hotmail.com Abstract— Eye tracking has a long history in medical and psychological research as a tool for recording and studying human visual behavior. Real-time gaze-based text entry can also be a powerful means of communication and control for people with physical disabilities. Following recent technological advances and the advent of affordable eye trackers, there is a growing interest in pervasive attention-aware systems and interfaces that have the potential to revolutionize mainstream human technology interaction. This report provides an introduction to eye tracking technology and gaze estimation. There are a number of principles used in measuring eye movements. This paper focuses on two methods 1.tracking a number of visual features in the image of the eye 2. Measuring relative reflection of infra-red (IR) light. Finally, it includes a light on some of the applications of the eye tracking technique. Keywords—Cognitive...
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...1995 Eighth Amendment case concerning the treatment of prisoners at California’s Pelican Bay Supermax Penitentiary. I argue that the language of dehumanization fails to describe the harm of solitary confinement because it remains complicit with a hierarchical opposition between human and nonhuman animal that rebounds against prisoners, especially those who have been racialized and/or sexualized as less than human. Humanist discourse neglects the sense in which both human and nonhuman animals are affective, corporeal beings who rely upon the support of others for their own capacity to orient themselves within a mutually-perceived world. Drawing on the testimony of inmates in solitary confinement, and situating this testimony in relation to the political and scientific history of US incarceration practices, I develop a post-humanist critique of solitary confinement. Keywords: Solitary confinement, sensory deprivation, intercorporeal Malebranche would not have beaten a stone as he beat his dog, saying that the dog didn’t suffer. Merleau-Ponty, Nature, 166 Certain carceral practices are often condemned – both by prisoners and by their legal or political advocates – on the grounds that they violate human dignity by treating people like nonhuman animals. For example, in the 1995 Eighth Amendment case, Madrid v Gomez, the treatment of prisoners at California’s Pelican Bay Supermax Penitentiary is consistently compared to the treatment of nonhuman animals.i Some inmates were “hog-tied”...
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...138 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS, VOL. 8, NO. 1, FEBRUARY 2012 A Fusion Approach for Efficient Human Skin Detection Wei Ren Tan, Chee Seng Chan, Member, IEEE, Pratheepan Yogarajah, and Joan Condell Abstract—A reliable human skin detection method that is adaptable to different human skin colors and illumination conditions is essential for better human skin segmentation. Even though different human skin-color detection solutions have been successfully applied, they are prone to false skin detection and are not able to cope with the variety of human skin colors across different ethnic. Moreover, existing methods require high computational cost. In this paper, we propose a novel human skin detection approach that combines a smoothed 2-D histogram and Gaussian model, for automatic human skin detection in color image(s). In our approach, an eye detector is used to refine the skin model for a specific person. The proposed approach reduces computational costs as no training is required, and it improves the accuracy of skin detection despite wide variation in ethnicity and illumination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first method to employ fusion strategy for this purpose. Qualitative and quantitative results on three standard public datasets and a comparison with state-of-the-art methods have shown the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach. Index Terms—Color space, dynamic threshold, fusion strategy, skin detection. ...
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...Cognitive Neuropsychology (psy2010s) | Visual Perception and the Pop-out Effect | Tutorial 1 Assignment | | Zondi Londiwe (ZNDLON002) | 8/30/2013 | | INTRODUCTION Visual information is constantly presented to humans by the environment, and at times this can be far more than can be processed or needed. It is visual attention that allows the most relevant information for behaviour adjustment to be selected. Searching for particular objects that determine our actions whilst ignoring other competing objects can take long, especially if the objects all share common features. A number of theories that explain the process of visual search have been presented throughout the years. However the most common is the Feature Integration Theory developed by Treisman & Gelade (1980). According to The feature integration theory, visual search happens in a two-stage process, the pre-attentive stage and the attentive stage. The pre-attentive stage is the basic stage of visual search where only basic features, such as the size, colour and orientation, of an object are processed (Treisman, 1988; Treisman & Galade, 1980). At this stage no focused attention is required because all the objects in the visual stimulus are processed in parallel. The second stage requires more attention as the search becomes serial i.e. each object is processed independently ((Treisman & Gelade, 1980). Also, parallel searching takes less time than serial searching. Parallel and serial processing...
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... Job Description Job description is crucial for managing individuals in organizations. It is necessary for recruitment of new employees whereby their roles, purpose, and expectations. This gives them an easy task to understand the job they are about to apply for and make a final decision of whether or not to apply for it. The position in this case is that of civil engineer. Job analysis, a systematic exploration, and recording, study of the responsibilities, accountabilities, skills, work environment, duties, and the requirements of a particular job. The process also involves determining the visual importance of responsibilities, duties, emotional, and physical skills for a specific job. These factors determine the demands of a job and what employees required productively to perform a job. Job analysis help in determining the job location, job title, duties involved, job summary, the working conditions, and possible hazards. The role of a Civil engineer is to create, protect, and improve the environment. They design, oversee construction, plan, and maintain building facilities and structures for instance roads, bridges, railways, dams, power plants, airports, irrigation projects, water, and sewage systems. They also build and design large structures and tall buildings. Civil engineers also can be consulting engineers. This means that people can go to them for advice...
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...injuries. The aim of the research is to develop occupational injuries measures to prevent accidents at the plant. You must systematically analyze and summarize their reasons. Analysis of the causes of injury allows them to share the organizational, technical, physiological and sanitary. Organizational: violation of legislation on health and safety , requirements , guidelines , rules and regulations , lack of or poor briefing , failure measures for safety, untimely repair or replacement of faulty and outdated equipment. Specifications: non-compliance of safety or fault of production equipment, tools and protective, equipment design flaws. Psychophysiological: erroneous actions of the employee as a result of fatigue, excessive severity and intensity of work, monotony of work, disease state negligence. Sanitation: excessive levels of noise, vibration, adverse weather conditions, the high content in the air of the working area of hazardous substances, the presence of different radiation above the allowable values, insufficient or inefficient lighting violation of the rules of personal hygiene. Research Methods occupational injuries: The statistical method is based on the analysis of statistical data on injuries that accumulated in the company or in the industry for several years. Data from this analysis are contained in the acts of the form N-1 and the records of companies. The statistical method allows all accidents and causes of injuries grouped by gender, age, occupation...
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