...Bilingual Education Introduction Communication is a powerful tool in every setting that involves human interaction. The importance of bilingualism is felt when there are communication barriers orchestrated by multiculturalism and cosmopolitanism. The effect of communication barrier is more profound in the learning environment. This is reflected in the way it incapacitates understanding of the course contents. This paper will talk about bilingual education and the milieu in which it is juxtaposed. Bilingual education The logic behind bilingual education is the use of students’ native language in learning while at the same time learning English. Bilingual students have an added advantage in regard to understanding materials when two different languages are being used in the classroom. The increasing language and cultural diversity have necessitated the need for bilingual education which improve learning (Harris para 13). Such education enables students to diversify their learning since they are not confined within one language. Bilingual education enables inclusiveness in the classroom and total participation from the students/teachers can code switch and code mix to enhance understanding and communication. In the absence of bilingual education, other alternatives are sought in order to accommodate monolingual students and those who cannot understand and speak English fluently. Such options include using two different languages at the same time in class and translating while...
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...The direct purpose of this essay is to explore, research, and discuss bilingual language education throughout the United States and other countries. It is estimated that throughout the world approximately 6,000 different languages are spoken and that fewer than 25percent of our world’s approximate 200 countries recognize two or more official languages (Grimes, 1992 ). Grimes (1992) also goes on to surprise us with this unbelievable statistic, being that only a mere handful of these 200 countries recognizing more than two. Despite the above conservative figures, data has shown that there are many more bilingual or multilingual individuals around the world than there are monolingual (Tucker, 1999). It is estimated, that there are many more children...
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...individuals to study a different language so you can be able to have mutual understanding with others. One thing to define being a Canadian is living in a country with two official languages, but doesn’t mean that living in a bilingual city you have to know French and English. A bilingual country, people or even ethnicity is a benefit to the citizens and society. A research in psychology proves that learning a second language increases reasoning and problem-solving abilities. Canadian children who are bilingual appreciate cultural differences and have the ability to communicate better. Being bilingual is makes you more open and flexible to critical understanding and appreciating different ways of problem solving and more inspired to becoming involved. The openness of bilingualism is reflected towards society that may direct at the political rank to a better firmness. Bilingual workers have a greater chance of getting large income benefit over workers who only speak English or French. Bilingual children are said to be able to focus their attention better on relevant information and take no notice of irrelevant distractions. Another research has exposed that bilingual adults have reduced the effects of aging on the brain. Having a bilingual education is very good because it is said that students achieve greater academic success and are...
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...multicultural education in general, but focusing more on the aspect of English only vs. bilingual education in today’s classrooms. This topic has become more and more evident in today’s education system. The topic is pretty self-explanatory, English only vs. bilingual education. Should students in America be taught only in English, regardless of the student’s first language or nationality, or should there be some influence of bilingual education? In the 1990’s, the U.S. English Only started campaigns to promote multiculturalism under one language, English (Arce, 1998) These campaigns also propose the notion that every single aspect of public education in America should be strictly in English. Under this theory, education would be given in English regardless of age, ethnicity, sex, and English competency. Those who support this theory also feel very strongly that English should be the nationally endorsed language of the United States of America (Crawford, 1998). This movement stretches even outside the classroom. The English Only movement proposes to take all other language almost completely out of society. These same supporters, as you can imagine, also strongly associate with anti-immigration theories fearing the costs that may come with an increase in people on unemployment and welfare programs (p. 8). The movement has grabbed momentum, as evidenced in California’s passing of Proposition 227 which is an initiative to eliminate bilingual education from the state’s...
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...Cahnmann, M., & Varghese, M. M. (2005). Critical advocacy and bilingual education in the United States. Linguistics and Education, 16(1), 59-73. doi:10.1016/j.linged.2005.10.002 This research paper presents the benefits of bilingual education from the socioeconomic perspective based on collecting data from two ethnographic studies of bilingual teachers and their students in the United States. The researchers present that bilingual schooling in which English language teaching is applied prepares learners to be able to keep abreast of economic globalization and international job markets in a global society. Furthermore, they present that bilingual learners are assumed as having a deep understanding of different cultural...
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...groups in tracked. Inadequate School Funding -All have high latino populations all have low pre student spending in their k-12 schools -How school funding affects student achievement -Peer conditions The digital divide -Latino student shave less access to the internet than do white students -Latino student are more likely to use technology for games and entertainment than for educational purpose. -Latino students are less like to have parents help them navigate a computer. -Students who have computers at home are more likely to succeed in school. The Affects of Curriculum Tracking -Many Latinos attend schools within a school where they are tracked into lower curriculum tracks programs that do not prepare then for higher education -Cannot always blame the parents or the schools but should blame city/state/ federal govt , for their inequitable...
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...Bilingual Education in the United States Christian Sotomayor ITT-Technical Institute GE217 02-24-12 Abstract Controversy over bilingual education has been around for much longer than people may think, But only in the past few decades as the migrant population has increased the issues is once again back in the table to be discussed over. Some Americans fear that their sense of identity could be lost if bilingual education is taught at schools and on the other hand other people is conscious that the so called “American Identity” is nothing but a mixture of different cultures and by teaching students to become proficient in two languages it is going to make them more competitive for the job market. In a few words, we can make things better for students by encouraging them to keep their native tongue and become proficient in the English language. Bilingual Education in the United States Many people do not realize that this great country was founded by immigrants from all over the world. The so called “American identity” was not formed by just one group of people but a great variety of cultures what we also call a “melting pot”. Bilingual education has been a very controversial issue and as more people migrates from all parts of the world this issue will become more and more important and will have to be taken care of by our government. The controversy over bilingual education, whether it should be encouraged in an American school system or not, has been a topic of...
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...Jose Santos Professor McGuire English 111 26 July 2014 Bilingual, Bilingualism, and a Forgotten Language In the essays “Aria: a Memoir of a Bilingual Childhood” written by Richard Rodriguez and “Loss of Family Languages: Should Educators Be Concerned” written by Lily Wong Fillmore, the authors are concerned about immigrants forgetting their native languages as they get Americanized. Both authors are targeting a mature audience of immigrants, which have come to America to become citizens. Both authors use concerned tone with hopes that their audience will want to contribute to change. Furthermore, Fillmore draws her evidence from stories of other writers’ essays. Rodriguez, on the other hand illustrates his evidence from personal experiences and memories of his life while growing up. This essay exemplifies the differences and similarity of the evidence used, tones, styles, and the intended audiences. Fillmore’s and Rodriguez’s evidence are similar and different, in their support of the idea of bilingual education in schools. Fillmore’s evidence differs from Rodriguez’s as she uses statics, research, and other writer’s quotes as her support. She uses this Supreme Court’s ruling to show that the court believes immigrants require assistance staying bilingual, “… Lau v. Nichols held that these children must be provided instructional help to overcome the linguistic barrier…” (Fillmore 260). She also cites the story of a Chinese immigrant family that falls apart as the kids...
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...These programs are taught in two or more languages throughout a student’s education career. To include, dual language programs promote language fluency, increased academic accomplishments, and multicultural awareness. Furthermore, different types of dual language programs are available to suit students for optimum learning. Programs include transitional programs, which give students a certain amount of instructions in their primary or native language for a specific amount of time before transitioning into English specific instructional programs. Transitional programs are also known as “one-way” programs because they are specific to non-native English speakers (“Dual”). Another program is that of a maintenance program. Maintenance programs give students instructions in not only English, but also in their native primary language. This allows for students to develop both English fluency and to maintain native language fluency all while increasing academic literacy in both languages (“Dual”). In addition, another program available for students are two-way enrichment programs. These programs teach both native and non-native English speakers in two languages with the intention to develop bilingual fluency. As an example for the use of a two-way enrichment program, monolingual English-speaking students have to opportunity to be immersed within a second-language instruction...
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...I agree with the plan aimed at making all Puerto Rican children bilingual by 2022 because it could potentailly increase the student's chances at landing jobs and, Puerto Ricans can communucate more with english speaking people . As you read the my essay I will further explain how it is better to make children bilingual. First is that it could potentailly increase the student's chances at landing jobs because stated from the text " ...being bilingual could potentially increase students' chances of landing good jobs when they enter the marketplace. " Though some teachers may know the grammar the spoken language is still not their strong point. Puerto Rican are running behind many Europeans in second-language skills because " According to one...
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...In the process of planning a language education, it is vital to explore the social context to determine their real need to learn the language and the language mechanism to achieve that learning. In Puerto Rico, even when there is a consensus on the utility of English for purposes of employment, technology and global communication, natural situations that require English are limited, and some students do not want to take advantage of the learning English language opportunities. The importance of Puerto Rican students learning to speak English fluently is discussed in Puerto Rican community and by professional circles every day. Regardless of the efforts that the Department of Education has made throughout the years, the reality is that Puerto Rican children are not learning enough English in their schools. The students have not developed the basic English language skills to be able to uses effectively in oral, written and reading. In 1997, the Department of Education created the Project for the Development of Bilingual Citizens in order to remedy this situation. Besides, few years later the Department of Education changed the English curriculum and recently it changes the English Program Standards and Expectation. However, these entire adjustments are not effective because, the students have not improved much their English Language skills. It has been suggested by various researchers, that the reasons there have not produced bilingual citizens in Puerto Rico are base in their...
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...de Información Científica Miranda Montenegro, Iván Ricardo Insights on Bilingualism and Bilingual Education: A Sociolinguistic Perspective Íkala, revista de lenguaje y cultura, vol. 17, núm. 3, septiembre-diciembre, 2012, pp. 263-272 Universidad de Antioquia Medellín, Colombia Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=255025411004 Íkala, revista de lenguaje y cultura, ISSN (Printed Version): 0123-3432 ikala@quimbaya.udea.edu.co Universidad de Antioquia Colombia How to cite Complete issue More information about this article Journal's homepage www.redalyc.org Non-Profit Academic Project, developed under the Open Acces Initiative InsIghts on BIlIngualIsm and BIlIngual EducatIon: a socIolInguIstIc PErsPEctIvE [Percepciones sobre el bilingüismo y la educación bilingüe: una perspectiva sociolingüística] Iván Ricardo Miranda Montenegro holds a Master’s degree in Applied Linguistics to EFL Teaching from Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. Colombia. He currently works as assistant professor at Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. Mailing address: Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Instituto Internacional de Idiomas, Calle 4 sur No 15-134 Sogamoso, Boyacá, Colombia. E-mail: ivan.miranda@uptc.edu.co Abstract This paper is primarily intended to present some major considerations about bilingualism and bilingual education from a sociolinguistic perspective. In the first instance and due to the high complexity...
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...《跨文化传播》课程论文 题目：Japanese System of Bilingual Education: Connecting Intercultural Communication with Bilingualism (跨文化传播、双语形象与多元文化主义：以日本双语教学为例) 研 究 生： 阿夏 指导教师： 安然 学 号： 201122800213 学 院： 新闻与传播学院 专 业： 传播学 华南理工大学研究生院 二〇一二年七月 Abstract The concept of "bilingualism" (two-, multilingualism) has become a symbol of the XXI century. Bilingualism is a way of thinking, perception of the world, self-identity. Open borders within the Schengen Zone, simplified procedure of obtaining temporary visas due to lack of human resources within the countries, etc. caused the significant increase of the immigration processes. Moving from one country to another, people are introducing traditions, lifestyle and language of the country of origin to the new ground. (Intensive processes of integration taking place in modern global community, could be characterized as comprehensive and multifaceted, and can be analyzed from different perspectives, theoretical frameworks and approaches. It should be noted that these processes determine the complex, multifaceted problems, among which there is a multilingualism, the most common variant of it - bilingualism. ) Bilingual education is a form of education in which information is presented to the students in two (or more) language (Bilingual education). English has been playing a central role in the cross-cultural communication as the common international language...
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...2005/ED/EFA/MRT/PI/9 Background paper prepared for the Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2005 The Quality Imperative The importance of mother tongue-based schooling for educational quality Carole Benson 2004 This paper was commissioned by the Education for All Global Monitoring Report as background information to assist in drafting the 2005 report. It has not been edited by the team. The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and should not be attributed to the EFA Global Monitoring Report or to UNESCO. The papers can be cited with the following reference: “Paper commissioned for the EFA Global Monitoring Report 2005, The Quality Imperative”. For further information, please contact efareport@unesco.org The importance of mother tongue-based schooling for educational quality Commissioned study for EFA Global Monitoring Report 2005 Carol Benson, Ph.D. Centre for Research on Bilingualism Stockholm University 14 April 2004 Part A: Overview While there are many factors involved in delivering quality basic education, language is clearly the key to communication and understanding in the classroom. Many developing countries are characterized by individual as well as societal multilingualism, yet continue to allow a single foreign language to dominate the education sector. Instruction through a language that learners do not speak has been called “submersion” (Skutnabb-Kangas 2000) because it is analogous to...
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...Reading and Second Language Learners Research Report May 1999 This report prepared by Magda Costantino, Ph.D. The Evergreen Center for Education Improvement The Evergreen State College Olympia, Washington 98505 With assistance from: Joe St. Charles Susan Tepper Edlamae Baird Acknowledgment to Gary Burris and Lynne Adair For their invaluable assistance with the project This material is available in alternative format by request. Contact Bilingual Education at 360-753-2573, TDD 360-664-3631. The Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction complies with all federal and state rules and regulations and does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, disability, age or marital status. Table of Contents (click on page number for access) Introduction......................................................................................................................... 1 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................ 3 Chapter One Language Acquisition and the Language Learner .......................................................... 7 Section One: How Does First Language Develop? .................................................... 7 Section Two: How Does Second Language Develop? ............................................... 9 Foundational Theories ...............................................................................................
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