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The New Place of Art

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Submitted By wreachia
Words 1098
Pages 5
Titolo: the new place of art in the global era

Luca Fedele , Italia. Lucafedele7@gmail.com

L’arte nell’era globale , con il ruolo centrale che questa riserva alla città, trova un nuovo mezzo di comunicazione, il Muro.
Il muro offre all’artista la possibilità di diventare famoso, di conquistare potere e prestigio sociale, ma l’elemento centrale appare essere la funzione che l’opera assume per il suo autore, che di norma adopera uno pseudonimo o lavora nell’anonimato, con una valenza altamente specifica sia a livello affettivo sia a livello cognitivo ,di studio e di ricerca. I disegni e le parole sui muri hanno storicamente dimostrato il loro valore comunicativo.
Quello del writer è un racconto continuo, senza fine, con o senza tema e un soggetto prestabilito; una storia da vedere, un’ allegoria da illustrare.
Esso si genera nella coscienza e nell’immaginazione dell’artista, liberato e liberatore di uno spazio strappato allo spazio stesso, ormai appropriatosi dell’idea e divenuto l’idea stessa, spazio strappato all’inerzia. I muri si animano di una creatività imprevedibile e imprevista e assumono una funzione sociale, coinvolgendo una comunità ,a cui mostrare la propria arte, spesso maggiore rispetto a quella tradizionale delle gallerie.
Il fatto che la pubblicità moderna colga stile, colore e forme dai linguaggi della strada è un’ennesima indiretta conferma del forte impatto che un muro colorato impone al suo spettatore sconvolgendo canoni comunicativi usuali , codici semantici convenzionali per colorarsi di simbolismi sottili. Il Muro perde una sua funzionalità segregatrice per acquisire una nuova funzionalità comunicativa che nasce con il graffitismo e cresce nella street art.
È bene notare, che il graffitismo è un fenomeno databile agli albori dell’umanità, con le incisioni rupestri, e allo stesso tempo di sperimentazione semiotica, semantica e artistica contemporanea: un canale di comunicazione tradizionale e contemporaneo al tempo stesso.
La natura globale del fenomeno , presente in ogni angolo del pianeta, fa di questo linguaggio murale uno spazio che contribuisce, con le sue contaminazioni che travalicano la dimensione nazionale, al contatto linguistico.
La città , madre di quest’arte ,è luogo in cui la lingua parlata e scritta convivono in un caleidoscopio di suoni, segni e colori. La città unisce le voci dei parlanti alla scrittura pubblica di uso sociale, commerciale, politico, privato.
La street art rende evidente questa commistione tra oralità e scrittura che caratterizza lo spazio urbano dissacrandone le convenzionalità e talvolta assume la natura del grido scritto, divenendo ciò che potremmo definire una forma di scrittura-orale. Questa nuova forma di comunicazione interviene direttamente sul tessuto urbano con elementi semiotici e semantici che modificano sia il paesaggio urbano sia quello linguistico. la scelta dello spazio sul quale affiggere diviene funzionale al messaggio stesso.
La peculiarità e la forza della street art, a differenza dei cartelloni pubblicitari e della pubblicità esterna, è nel non ricoprire il muro ma modificarlo sia fisicamente che funzionalmente di modo che un muro sarà fisicamente e percettivamente diverso: una discontinuità cromatica e materiale marchia la superficie murale, ridefinendone il ruolo. Il muro diventa messaggio. Il colore permette di stabilire una differenza , ossia una diversità percettiva dotata di senso. Il muro diventa un segno ricco di significato. Il murale ha un grande impatto a livello di comunicazione urbana e anche di caratterizzazione degli spazi pubblici. Un caso particolarmente evidente dell’impatto del murale sullo e nello spazio urbano è quello della città di Orgosolo in Sardegna, dove a partire dal 1975 sono divenuti la memoria storica della città e la voce di una politica-identitaria della comunità che vi risiede.
I murali narrano le fatiche , le denunce e la grandi conquiste della piccola comunità orgolese, passando ora con estrema disinvoltura dai colorati racconti di storia quotidiana alla raffigurazione di eventi e lotte politiche di respiro mondiale spesso con il ricorrere di una didascalia o di una citazione letteraria o politica che riecheggia il messaggio che i murali vogliono trasmettere .
La street art instaura un nuovo dialogo con la città in cui l’artista ha un confronto diretto con gli spazi urbani e affermando la propria unicità afferma l’identità della città stessa ed è in questa misura che viene adoperata per la riqualificazione degli spazi come avviene ad oggi in più comuni e manifestazioni che ne riconoscono il valore artistico e non solo.
Questa modalità di rappresentazione negli anni è stata vittima d’una controversia che la identificava con il vandalismo, infatti essa è considerata un’arte illegale e questa sua caratteristica l’ha guidata in atmosfere notturne lungo quartieri degradati ed edifici abbandonati che si coloravano della poesia e dell’immaginario degli artisti locali restituendo un nuovo senso a quelle stesse strade e quartieri.
La caratteristica visuale di quest’arte, in un mondo comunicativo sempre più legato al linguaggio dell’immagine ne ha permesso la comprensione del potenziale fin dagli anni sessanta del novecento; ricordo a questo proposito una festival dedicato alla produzione artistica estemporanea tenutosi a Fiumalbo , in provincia di Modena nel 1967 dal titolo: “ parole sui muri “ organizzata da membri del movimento avanguardista italiano conosciuto come gruppo 63 ,che vide il paese di Fiumalbo trasformarsi in un luogo capace di attirare centinaia di artisti provenienti da tutte la parti d'Europa, da Stati Uniti e Giappone, in una logica di grande happening dettato dall'improvvisazione e dal caso e dalla volontà di esplorare gli orizzonti di questa forma allora rivoluzionaria.
Successivamente con la diffusione del web e dei social network , il forte impatto comunicativo riproposto nelle foto ai luoghi in cui l’opera è impressa ha dato vita a un nuovo modello di fruibilità artistica che non viene mediato da esperti e critici d’arte , ma dal fruitore stesso e da comunità virtuali-internazionali che ne diffondono le opere e gli artisti che si confrontano con altri luoghi e altre città in un nomadismo culturale riuscendo a conquistare l’interesse di quegli stessi esperti e critici tanto da essere state esposte in gallerie , cosa che ne detrae però la matrice urbana.
In conclusione il rapporto tra l’arte e il nostro tempo è evidente sui muri delle nostre città e attraverso questi genera una riflessione sull’arte e la poesia come azione e dialogo in una ripresa delle tradizioni , in una riscoperta dell’identità dei luoghi , della storicità e dell’espressione artistico-storica del territorio e delle nuova dimensione globale in cui questa stessa forma d’arte è inserita.
L’arte , la poesia e la musica si riversano nelle strade trovano nuova vita in nuove forme legate al contesto socio-politico con il quale si confrontano e con nuovi mezzi già intravisti dalla lungimiranza di un grande poeta italiano del primo novecento , Aldo Palazzeschi : «Il vero poeta moderno dovrebbe scrivere sui muri, per le vie, le proprie sensazioni e impressioni, fra l'indifferenza o l'attenzione dei passanti».

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